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argued that our understanding of dividend policy is hindered by the lack of a model that integrates the two hypotheses. The purpose of this paper is to address this by developing a theoretical dividend model that bines the signaling and free cashflow motives. The objective of the analysis is to shed light on the plex relationship between dividend policy, managerial incentives and firm value. Design/methodology/approach–In order to consider the plex nature of dividend policy, a dividend signaling game is developed, in which managers possess more information than investors about the quality of the firm (asymmetric information), and may invest in valuereducing projects (moral hazard). Hence, the model bines signaling and free cashflow motives for dividends. Furthermore, managerial munication and reputation effects are incorporated into the model. Findings–Of particular interest is the case where a firm may need to cut dividends in order to invest in a new valuecreating project, but where the firm will be punished by the market, since investors are behaviourally conditioned to believe that dividend cuts are bad news. This may result in firms refusing to cut dividends, hence passing up good projects. This paper demonstrates that managerial munication to investors about the reasons for the dividend cut, supported by managerial reputation effects, may mitigate this problem. Real world examples are provided to illustrate the plexity of dividend policy. Originality/value – This work has been inspired by, and develops that of Fuller and Taker, and Fuller and Blab, which considers the signaling and free cashflow motives for dividends. Whereas those authors consider the case where firms only have new negative present value (NPV) projects available (so that dividend increases provide unambiguously positive signals to the market in both the signaling and free cashflow cases), in this paper39。s (1961) theorem, the value of the firm is unaffected by its dividend policy in a world of perfect market conditions. Two major assumptions driving the MM irrelevance theorem were that: 1. A firm39。 the dividend signaling hypothesis, and the excess cash hypothesis. Our dividend model incorporates both approaches. The signaling hypothesis states that under asymmetric information between managers and investors, dividend policy may provide signals regarding the firm39。s (1986) analysis arises from an empire building manager39。s ability to invest in the new project. Hence, the manager may wish to cut dividends (to take a good, valueadding project), or he may wish to payout high dividends (to reduce the free cash flow in order to mit not to take a bad, valuereducing project). Our model contributes to Fuller and Thakor39。s stock price declined. Bethlehem Steel Corporation announced that it was omitting its quarterly dividend. Its share price fell. WalMart Stores announced an increase in its quarterly dividend. WalMart39。 relations works and from past experience. Lease et al. consider two examples of firms changing their dividend policy。s transition to a hightechnology firm‖. On the day of the announcement, its share price increased. In contrast, ITT announced a 64 per cent cut in its dividend payment, explaining that its dividend level had ―bee inconsistent with the intensely petitive hightechnology environment‖. ITT39。本文的目的 是為了解釋的理論模型,結(jié)合了股利信號(hào)和自由現(xiàn)金流的 。管理溝通和聲譽(yù)的影響 也 納入模型中。 創(chuàng)作 成為 富勒和布勞 這些人們工作和 發(fā)展 的靈感和動(dòng)力,而那些作者認(rèn)為 企業(yè)只有新的負(fù)凈現(xiàn)值方案(使股利的增加提供了明確的積極信號(hào),市場(chǎng)在兩個(gè)信號(hào) 和自由現(xiàn)金流例)本文的模型中,信號(hào)可能是 不可靠 的,因?yàn)楣究赡苄枰鳒p股息,采取積極的凈現(xiàn)值的項(xiàng)目。”在本文中,我們?cè)O(shè)立了一個(gè)模型,從 股利信號(hào) 中 分析,試圖 找出 影響股利政策與公司 價(jià)值的各種因素。 隨后分析了理論研究納入公司的股利政策的信息不對(duì)稱和代理問(wèn)題的影響 因素中 。 信號(hào)假說(shuō),根據(jù)管理者和投資者之間的信息不對(duì) 稱,股利政策將可能提供信號(hào)有關(guān)公司當(dāng)前業(yè)績(jī)和未來(lái)前景。特別是,在 Jensen 的( 1986)的分析投資機(jī)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題負(fù)凈現(xiàn)值(凈現(xiàn)值)項(xiàng)目從帝國(guó)大廈經(jīng)理人的激勵(lì)機(jī)制。我們的工作通過(guò) 在 建立模型 的基礎(chǔ)上 ,既包含股利信 息不對(duì)稱又包括 現(xiàn)金流動(dòng)問(wèn)題。因此,除了目前的收入,信號(hào)的作用,股息水平也可能會(huì) 成為 影響經(jīng)理人的能力投資于 該 新項(xiàng)目 的重要因素 。其次,金融時(shí)報(bào)的可能性,只考慮負(fù)凈現(xiàn)值的項(xiàng)目存在。雖然大多數(shù)的理論和實(shí)證研究表明,分紅和股票價(jià)格之間的關(guān)系是正面 的(紅利增加是“好消息”),伍爾德里奇和 Ghosh( 1998)建議,當(dāng)一家公司擁有有利 的發(fā)展機(jī)遇,削減股息不一定是壞消息。 因此,紅利和公司價(jià)值之間的關(guān)系是復(fù)雜的。 我們的第三個(gè)貢獻(xiàn)是考慮兩種類型的低效率(或代理問(wèn)題)與股利政策方面的管理激勵(lì)機(jī)制。 法蘭克福和木材( 2020)觀察到,除了分析機(jī)構(gòu)和股利政策的信息不對(duì)稱問(wèn)題的影響,研究人員開(kāi)始考慮行為模型。 我們的第四個(gè)貢獻(xiàn)是,我們?cè)谖覀兊哪P桶ㄒ粋€(gè)行為層面。事實(shí)上,伍爾德里奇和 Ghosh( 1998)認(rèn)為,企業(yè)可能能夠避免投資者的溝通,削減股息的原因是投資于未來(lái)的增長(zhǎng)機(jī)會(huì)的負(fù)面市場(chǎng)反應(yīng)。在 Brucato 和史密斯,一個(gè)有信譽(yù)的股利信號(hào)是在 一個(gè)意想不到的收入增加后確認(rèn) 的 。在第二節(jié),我們提出我們的模型。此外,在我們的模型,我們考慮一些零星的證據(jù)顯示,復(fù)雜性,周圍的股息政策。然而, 如果它阻止能夠使這些投資公司 ,在正凈現(xiàn)值的投資機(jī)會(huì)的情況下,高股息可能確實(shí)使項(xiàng)目 價(jià)值降低。 “傳統(tǒng)的”積極的紅利和公司 股利 之間的關(guān)系 價(jià)值租賃等。其股價(jià)下跌。 然而, 管理的理解 是租賃等形式 于( 2020 年)表明, 高分紅可能會(huì)限制在價(jià)值創(chuàng)造的企業(yè)投資: 伊麗莎白哥特,一個(gè)家庭,控制道瓊斯公司持不同政見(jiàn)的成員,提出了關(guān)于其股利政策的問(wèn)題,認(rèn)為在道瓊斯 以增加紅利 為代價(jià)來(lái)推動(dòng)未來(lái)的再投資的盈利增長(zhǎng)。然而,我們證明了管理者可能拒絕削減負(fù)的市場(chǎng)反應(yīng)(可能是驅(qū)動(dòng)被投資者行為上習(xí)慣于認(rèn)為,股息削減是壞消息)擔(dān)心紅利。另一方面,如果他們認(rèn)為,在股票價(jià)格可能會(huì)發(fā)生 大幅下跌 ,那么他們就應(yīng)該繼續(xù)進(jìn)行正常的派息計(jì)劃, 從 而 推遲 或者失去 了 最佳的 投資機(jī)會(huì)。溫德米爾耐用控股公司宣布,它在切以便重新投入到業(yè)務(wù)的所有收入的分紅,遵循“重新評(píng)價(jià)其股利政策對(duì)公司發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略定位和由此產(chǎn)生的現(xiàn)金光規(guī)定“。他們比較古爾德和 ITT 公司的案件。 此消息公布后不久, ITT 公司的股票價(jià)格 下跌。他們暗示目前的收入,他們影響了企業(yè)的投資能力在新的項(xiàng)目。首先,管理者可能削減股利,以投資于凈現(xiàn)值為負(fù)的項(xiàng)目,由于私人利益。 資料來(lái)源 : Emerald Journal of Managerial Finance 2020(05):P394—413