【正文】 術(shù)中心的完善 ? 1996年底，集團首次明確技術(shù)中心：集團技術(shù)中心設(shè)置在萬向錢潮股份有限公司，由錢潮公司進行直接領(lǐng)導 ? 隨著集團對工業(yè)體系的規(guī)劃和調(diào)整，集團把技術(shù)中心從錢潮公司分離出來，設(shè)置為集團的一個獨立機構(gòu)，在承擔管理職能和研究開發(fā)任務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)上，逐步發(fā)展為自負盈虧、以效益為首要目標的研究機構(gòu) 新組織保障體系 ? 當前的企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系 ? 1個核心 —— 以技術(shù)中心為核心 ? 3個機制 —— 投入、運行、激勵機制 ? 6個分中心 —— 科技管理中心、研究開發(fā)中心、檢測中心、計算機中心、科技情報信息中心和美國分中心 ? 9個研究所 —— 萬向節(jié)十字軸、轎車軸承、制動器、滾動體、橡膠件、傳動軸等研究所。根據(jù)集團領(lǐng)導的有關(guān)指示和技術(shù)中心自身發(fā)展的需要項目投資為 3500萬元 ? 用于檢測設(shè)備購置的投資。萬向的產(chǎn)品現(xiàn)已遠銷 50多個國家和地區(qū)，占產(chǎn)品總銷售的三分之一。 ? 公司產(chǎn)品涵蓋了交換、接入、傳輸、移動通信、等主要通信領(lǐng)域，形成了自主的核心技術(shù)體系，在光網(wǎng)絡(luò)、移動通信和寬帶領(lǐng)域處于業(yè)界領(lǐng)先水平。為了實現(xiàn)這個目標，華為人在技術(shù)創(chuàng)新過程中堅持作到了以下三點： ? 華為自創(chuàng)業(yè)開始一直堅持走產(chǎn)業(yè)專門化的道路，只做通訊設(shè)備，嚴格控制進入新的領(lǐng)域 ? 在技術(shù)發(fā)展中，華為強調(diào)發(fā)展自身的核心技術(shù)，從一開始就確立了走自主開發(fā)、建立核心技術(shù)的道路 ? 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新過程中堅持以市場為導向。 ? 企業(yè)家對創(chuàng)新的推動作用 ? 科學的研究開發(fā)體系 ? 人才支撐 ? 企業(yè)家對創(chuàng)新的推動作用 ? 可以說，企業(yè)家是企業(yè)創(chuàng)新體系的核心。在產(chǎn)品開發(fā)方面，培養(yǎng)一批跨領(lǐng)域的系統(tǒng)集成帶頭人。這些人才將成為華為技術(shù)創(chuàng)新上臺階的主要力量 撐“走出混沌” ? 華為認為，對高科技企業(yè)來說，管理創(chuàng)新比技術(shù)創(chuàng)新還重要， 企業(yè)必須尋求創(chuàng)新與效率的平衡。開發(fā)出大量處于國際先進水平的具有自我知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的傳統(tǒng)通信、數(shù)據(jù)通信和移動通信產(chǎn)品，到目前為止，華為已申請專利 385項。 ” 年份 華為開發(fā)費用 （億元） 銷售額 （億元） 研究開發(fā)費用 /銷售額 （％） 1997 41 1998 89 1999 120 2023 220 華為研究開發(fā)費用表 ? 用人機制 ? 選擇和重用創(chuàng)新型人才 ? 形成能上能下的用人機制 ? 使創(chuàng)新者共享創(chuàng)新成果 ? 選擇和重用創(chuàng)新型人才 ? 華為公司認為 :人力資本是公司價值創(chuàng)造的主要因素 ,人才是一種特殊的戰(zhàn)略性資源 ,人力資本的增值目標 ,優(yōu)先于財務(wù)資本的增值目標 ? 招聘、錄用過程中 ,注重員工的素質(zhì)、潛能、品格、學歷 ,其次才是經(jīng)驗 ,公司更看重人有無發(fā)展培養(yǎng)的潛力 ? 鼓勵伯樂的政策 ,提拔一些敢于和善于任用比自己能力強的人。 固特異制造和行銷輪胎、各種輸送帶、軟管和其他橡膠制品，用于運輸業(yè)以及世界各地的各種產(chǎn)業(yè)和消費市場 。 ? 固特異的工作伙伴 在全球各地固特異約有九萬六千名工作伙伴。 “二戰(zhàn)中建立的研發(fā)大樓，是致力于勝利和未來的。他們工作的結(jié)果在美國促成了上千項有利于公司的專利和技術(shù)秘密。 investment in power plants. Acquisition of Anderson/Meyer Trading Company, providing installation and services for the electrical industry in China. Invested in the Shanghai Electrical Power Company, the largest foreign venture in China at that time. Reestablished GE’ s business contact with China through the opening of a representative office (1981) in Beijing. GE Hangwei Medical Systems was established in Beijing the first JV of GE in China. GE (China) Co. Ltd. was established in China,acting as an investment vehicle for GE’ s projects in China, and provides services to GE’ s JVs and affiliates. Joint Ventures/Wholly Owned Foreign Enterprises/Investment Projects: 30 Today 1910 1925 1929 1981 1991 1994 2023 GE establishes research center in Shanghai as part of its Global Research anization. GE in China China Business Highlights: ? 8,400 GE employees in China ? $2 Billion revenue in 2023 ? 30% growth rate in past few years ? Sourcing from China ? Increases annually by 50 to 70% ? 200 GE Power Systems technology turbines ? Aircraft engines (CFM56) with best reliability record ? 1 technology lighting business ? 2 stateofart GE Plastics pounding plants ? Global Center of Excellence of Medical Systems ? Global Research extended to Shanghai All GE Businesses Have Activities in China GE in China Major GE Investments in China BEIJING SHANGHAI ? GE Global Research Shanghai ? GE Lighting JV ? GE Finance ? Zhabei Power JV ? GE Plastics ? GE Silicones ? GEMS Trading ? GE Breakers JV ? GE Guangdian JV ? GE Fanuc SGAE DALIAN ?Fuji/GE Motors JV ?GE Capital Dalian Center BEIJING ? GEMS Hangwei JV ? GEMS Hualun JV ? GE Global Sourcing ? GE Fanuc JV ? General Data Systems WUXI ? GEMS Ultrasound GUANGZHOU ? GE Plastics Nansha XIAMEN ? GEAE On Wing Support ? GEAE Overhaul ? GE Lighting Topstar JV HUIZHOU ? GE EDC Clipsal JV SHENZHEN ? GE Fanuc/Sinopec JV GUANGHAN ? GECAAC Engine Maintenance Training School More to Come GE in China China will be the … 1. Largest “Consumer” Market 2. 2 or 3 “Industrial” Market 3. Hottest “Healthcare” Market 4. Largest “Consumer Finance” Market 5. 1 “Aircraft” Market 6. Largest “Power” Consumer Preparing For The Future GE’ s View of China in the Next 10 Years: Global Research Organization GE Business Partners RD Sponsors Customers Suppliers Universities GE Businesses Corporate Executive Office Aircraft Engines Appliances Capital Services Industrial Systems Information Services Lighting Medical Systems Plastics Power Systems Transportation Systems NBC RD Partners GE Global Research Advanced RD for the GE Businesses Global Research Overview Niskayuna, NY – World Headquarters Shanghai, China Bangalore, India Global Research Organization One of the world’ s largest and most diversified industrial laboratories Cornerstone of GE’ s mitment to technology Founded in 1900 in Schenectady, NY by Charles Steinmetz Global Research Overview Global Research Overview Innovations: ?Digital XRay ?HighField MR ?Lexan ?Fan beam CT ?ManMade Diamonds ?Many More… Global Research Overview ? 2,100 people worldwide (750+ ) ? 12% of GE’ s total RD population ? 30% of GE’ s patents Technical Disciplines Chemistry 18% Electrical 18% Physics 9% Mechanical 17% Computer Science 17% All Other 21% GE Global Research Staff GE Technology in China ? GE Global Research – Shanghai ? GE Asia Lighting Technical Center, Shanghai ? GE Plastics Application Development Center, Shanghai ? GE Medical Systems CT, XRay Engineering, Beijing ? GE Medical Systems Ultrasound Engineering, Wuxi New, MultiBusiness Research Facility to Be Built in Zhangjiang High Tech Park in Shanghai’ s Pudong New Area. Number of Researchers Research Center Locations in China 50 80 50 150 50 Global Research Mission ? Center of GE technology ? Team with businesses to ensure leadership products and services ? Provide shortterm technical support ? Share technology across businesses ? Source the world’ s technology ? Attract and develop GE’