【正文】 on’s standard processes, work environment standards, and supporting assets IPM+IPPD RSKM Statistical management data Risk taxonomies and parameters, risk status, risk mitigation plans, and corrective action Process Management process areas Basic Project Management process areas Risk exposure due to unstable processes Engineering and Support process areas Coordination, mitments, and issues to resolve Product architecture for structuring teams Project’s defined process and work environment Integrated teams for performing engineering and support processes 項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 PP Project Planning Project Planning ?Purpose: ?Establish and maintain plans that define project activities. Project Planning Context Planning Data Establish Estimates Obtain Commitment to the Plan Develop a Project Plan Project Plans PMC Project Planning Context Determine Estimates of Effort and Cost Planning Data Establish Estimates Estimate the Scope of the Project Establish Estimates of Work Product and Task Attributes Define Project Life Cycle Project Planning Context Establish the Budget and Schedule Planning Data Develop a Project Plan Plan for Data Management Plan Stakeholder Involvement Plan for Project Resources Project Plans Establish the Project Plan Identify Project Risks Plan for Needed Knowledge and Skills Project Planning Context Obtain Commitment to the Plan Reconcile Work and Resource Levels Project Plans Review Plans that Affect the Project Obtain Plan Commitment PP的目的 ? PP的目的 ? 就是制定和維護(hù)定義項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)的計(jì)劃 PP的要點(diǎn) 1 ? PP包括以下主要活動(dòng)： ? 開發(fā)項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 ? 與項(xiàng)目相關(guān)人員適當(dāng)?shù)慕涣? ? 得到對(duì)計(jì)劃的承諾 ? 維護(hù)計(jì)劃 ? 策劃工作從定義產(chǎn)品和項(xiàng)目的需求開始 ? 術(shù)語(yǔ) “ 項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 ” 指的是控制項(xiàng)目的整體計(jì)劃 PP的要點(diǎn) 2 ? 策劃通過(guò)如下活動(dòng)，迭代地建立項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 ? 估計(jì)工作產(chǎn)品和任務(wù)的屬性 ? 確定需要的資源 ? 商討承諾 ? 產(chǎn)生進(jìn)度安排 ? 標(biāo)識(shí)和分析項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn) ? 項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃提供執(zhí)行和控制項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)的基礎(chǔ)，以滿足項(xiàng)目對(duì)客戶的承諾 ? 當(dāng)遇到需求和承諾變更、不正確的估計(jì)、糾正行動(dòng)和項(xiàng)目過(guò)程變更時(shí)，通常需要修改項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 PP的 SGs和 SPs ? SG 1: 建立估計(jì)：要建立 和維護(hù)項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃參數(shù)的 估計(jì)數(shù)據(jù) ? SG 2: 開發(fā)項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃：要建立 和維護(hù)項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃，并作 為管理項(xiàng)目的基礎(chǔ) ? SG 3: 獲得對(duì)計(jì)劃的承諾：要 建立和維護(hù)對(duì)項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 的承諾 ? 估計(jì)項(xiàng)目的范圍 ? 建立項(xiàng)目屬性的估計(jì) ? 定義項(xiàng)目生命周期 ? 確定工作量和成本的估計(jì) ? 建立預(yù)算和進(jìn)度 ? 標(biāo)識(shí)項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn) ? 計(jì)劃數(shù)據(jù)的管理 ? 計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目的資源 ? 計(jì)劃所需的知識(shí)和技能 ? 計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目相關(guān)人員的參與 ? 建立項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 ? 評(píng)審影響項(xiàng)目的計(jì)劃 ? 協(xié)調(diào)工作和資源 ? 獲得計(jì)劃的承諾 特定目標(biāo) Specific Goal 特定實(shí)踐 Specific Practice SG 1 建立估計(jì) 1 ? SG 1 建立估計(jì) : 建立和維護(hù) 項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃參數(shù) 的估計(jì) ? 項(xiàng)目規(guī)劃參數(shù)包括項(xiàng)目從事下列活動(dòng)所需的 所有信息 ：規(guī)劃、組織、用人、指導(dǎo)、協(xié)調(diào)、報(bào)告及預(yù)算。CMMIDEV 項(xiàng)目管理過(guò)程域 ShareWin CMMI Training CB Project Management Process Areas Category Requirements Management Requirements Development Technical Solution Product Integration Verification Validation Engineering Configuration Management Process and Product Quality Assurance Measurement and Analysis Decision Analysis and Resolution Causal Analysis and Resolution Support Project Planning Project Monitoring and Control Supplier Agreement Management Integrated Project Management +IPPD Risk Management Quantitative Project Management Organizational Process Focus Organizational Process Definition +IPPD Organizational Training Organizational Process Performance Organizational Innovation and Deployment Process Management Continuous Representation: PAs by Category ShareWin CMMI Training CB Organizational Innovation and Deployment Causal Analysis and Resolution 5 Optimizing 4 Quantitatively Managed 3 Defined 2 Managed Continuous Process Improvement Quantitative Management Process Standardization Basic Project Management Organizational Process Performance Quantitative Project Management Requirements Development Technical Solution Product Integration Verification Validation Organizational Process Focus Organizational Process Definition +IPPD Organizational Training Integrated Project Management +IPPD Risk Management Decision Analysis and Resolution Requirements Management Project Planning Project Monitoring and Control Supplier Agreement Management Measurement and Analysis Process and Product Quality Assurance Configuration Management Risk Rework 1 Initial Process Areas Level Focus Staged Representation: PAs by Maturity Level Quality Productivity ShareWin CMMI Training CB CMMI模型 (階段表示法 ) CMMI的階段式表示法就是組織成熟度方法 5 優(yōu)化級(jí) (2) 4 定量管理級(jí) (2) 3 已定義級(jí) (14) 2 已管理級(jí) (7) 1 初始級(jí) (0) 1級(jí) 初始級(jí) 2 級(jí) 管理級(jí) 配置管理 過(guò)程和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量保證 供應(yīng)商合同管理 項(xiàng)目監(jiān)控和控制 項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 需求管理 度量和分析 4 級(jí) 定量管理級(jí) 定量項(xiàng)目管理 組織過(guò)程性能 3 級(jí) 定義級(jí) 需求開發(fā) 技術(shù)解決方案 驗(yàn)證 確認(rèn) 產(chǎn)品集成 集成項(xiàng)目管理 組織過(guò)程焦點(diǎn) 組織過(guò)程定義 組織培訓(xùn) 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 決策分析和解決 5 級(jí) 優(yōu)化級(jí) 組織革新和實(shí)施 原因分析和解決 ShareWin CMMI Training CB CMMI模型 (持續(xù)表示法 ) 級(jí)別 \分類 Engineering (6) Project Management (6) Process Management(5) Support(5) 2級(jí) 受管理級(jí) Managed (7) REQM (需求管理 ) PP(項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 ) PMC(項(xiàng)目監(jiān)控 ) SAM(分包合同管理 ) CM(配置管理 ) PPQA(過(guò)程和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量保證 ) MA(度量與分析 ) 3級(jí) 已定義級(jí) Defined (11) RD(需求開發(fā) ) TS(技術(shù)解決 ) PI (產(chǎn)品集成 ) VER(驗(yàn)證 ) VAL(確認(rèn) ) IPM(集成項(xiàng)目管理 ) RSKM(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 ) OPD(過(guò)程定義 ) OPF(過(guò)程聚焦 ) OT(培訓(xùn) ) DAR(決策分析與解決方案 ) 4級(jí) 定量管理級(jí) Quantitatively Managed (2) QPM(定量項(xiàng)目管 理 ) OPP(組織過(guò)程性 能 ) 5級(jí) 持續(xù)優(yōu)化級(jí) Optimizing (2) OID(組織革新和部署 ) CAR(因果分析和解決方案 ) 項(xiàng)目管理類過(guò)程域 ? 項(xiàng)目管理類過(guò)程域主要包含如下 PA： ? 項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃 PP。 ? 規(guī)劃參數(shù)的估計(jì)值應(yīng)有充分的根據(jù)，以 提高自信心 ：任何以此估計(jì)值所做的計(jì)劃，能夠支持項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)。 ? WBS為分配工作量、進(jìn)度和職責(zé)提供了一個(gè) 參考 和組織機(jī)制，并被用作為計(jì)劃、組織和控制有關(guān)項(xiàng)目要做的工作的基本框架 WBSWork Breakdown Structure的定義 ? 工作結(jié)構(gòu)分解（ WBS）是對(duì)項(xiàng)目范圍的一種逐級(jí)分解的層次化結(jié)構(gòu)編碼。 準(zhǔn)確界定項(xiàng)目的可交付成果和目標(biāo) ? 項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)是完成項(xiàng)目所必須達(dá)到的可計(jì)量指標(biāo)； ? 盡量采用指標(biāo)化和量化的項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)，不可量化的目標(biāo)一般都存在范圍風(fēng)險(xiǎn)； ? 不適合的項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)的例子 ? 建造一座 2層樓的辦公樓； ? 寫一份與客戶溝通產(chǎn)品功能的報(bào)告材料； ? 正確的項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)描述可以是 ? 用 200萬(wàn)元，根據(jù)第二號(hào)設(shè)計(jì)方