【正文】 ses whilst the vertical axis represents the frequency.概述 :在橫坐標(biāo)上變量被分為數(shù)量等級 ,縱坐標(biāo)表示頻率 . of measurements衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) of classes 等級less than 50少于 50 5 7 51100 8 10 101250 11 13 more than 250多于 250 14 2023 169。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /Process Mapping過程圖DESCRIPTION: The purpose of process mapping is to create a visual representation ofhow activities link together so that the process can be municated or analyzed for improvement.描述 :過程圖的目的是創(chuàng)造出關(guān)于各項(xiàng)活動是如何相連的形象介紹，使過程得到溝通 或分析而改進(jìn)OVERVIEW: A process map describes the activities carried out within an anisation. 概述： 一個過程圖描述在一個組織中完成的活動 .A detailed understanding on processes and Process Mapping is provided by a 7step Continuous Process Improvement method (CPI 7).CPI7將對過程及過程圖作詳細(xì)的介紹 .Activity活動 Decision決定 Object Flows目標(biāo)流向Output產(chǎn)出19 169。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /Example: Pareto Principle示例 :柏拉圖原理Sales Revenue Analysis 80/20 Rule銷售收入分析 80/20原則% Sales (Cumulative)%銷售額(累計)020406080100% Products (Cumulative)%產(chǎn)品 (累計 )Sales銷售額 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Pareto presents the 80/20 rule: 20% of products create 80% of all revenue.柏拉圖介紹了 80/20原則 :80%的收入是由 20%的產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)造的 .15 169。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /Current Situation目前狀態(tài) :Electronic product shipments are being delivered to customers in an average of 14 days time and at an average cost of 13% of the sales unit price. 電子產(chǎn)品的交付時間為平均 14天，平均費(fèi)用是銷售單價的 13％ .Desired Situation預(yù)期狀態(tài) :Prompt delivery of within 2 days, at a price not to exceed 3% of the unit sales price.2天內(nèi)及時交付，費(fèi)用不超過銷售單價的 3%.Problem Statement問題陳述 :Product deliveries take 14 days instead of 2 days, and the cost is 13% of sales unit price whereas it should be max 3%.產(chǎn)品發(fā)貨時間是 14天而不是 2天 , 費(fèi)用應(yīng)是不超過銷售單價的 3%然而目前卻為 13%.Action行動 :Improve product shipment performance from now 14 days to under 2 days, while reducing the total cost per shipment from now 13% to no more than 3% of the unit sales price, within the next 30 days.在今后 30天內(nèi)，提高產(chǎn)品的發(fā)貨效率，從 14天降到低至 2天，同時將每批貨物的全部費(fèi)用從銷售單價的 13％降低到不超過 3％。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 / Problem Statement 問題陳述? Describes the .? States the gap between what is and what should be, . “current” and “desired”.陳述實(shí)際是什么與應(yīng)該怎樣的 差距， 如 “現(xiàn)實(shí) ”和 “預(yù)期 ”.? Identifies the problem, not the cause or implied solution. 說明問題，不是原因或解決方案? Uses exact terms and includes quantities: how often, how much, when etc. .使用精確的術(shù)語及包括數(shù)量 :頻度，多少及什么時間 等 .? Is not a .? Tells you why the problem is 為什么這個問題是重要的 .234。 it enables you to check you have focused on the most critical items at each step. 通過問 “ 如何 ”使您能夠檢查您在每一步已集中注意了最關(guān)鍵的內(nèi)容 . Tools 工具? A variety of effective team working tools which help you in decisionmaking at each step. 每一個步驟均有可幫助您做決定的多種有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)工作工具 .? Tools stamped with the label 39。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /Scale of the Problem問題的尺度Complexity復(fù)雜程度Time時間NOKIA 7 can be applied to both simple and more plex issues (from office procedures to software design to manufacturing).諾基亞七步法即 可以用于簡單事件也可以用于復(fù)雜事件 (從辦公室采購到制造業(yè)的軟件設(shè)計 )Some problems can take days to solve, others may take months.有些問題幾天可以解決，有些則需幾個月The principles remain the same.原則是相同的6 169。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /NOKIA 77STEP PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD諾基亞解決問題七步法程序諾基亞解決問題七步法程序 IdentifyProblem確認(rèn)問題確認(rèn)問題AnalyzeProblem分析問題分析問題DetermineCauses確定原因確定原因DevelopSolutions尋求對策尋求對策PlanAction計劃行計劃行動動ImplementSolution實(shí)施對策實(shí)施對策EvaluateOute評估結(jié)果評估結(jié)果12345672 169。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /How to boost growth of productivity ?如何推進(jìn)生產(chǎn)力的增長 ?Why is Systematic Problem Solving Critical for Nokia ?為什么系統(tǒng)的解決問題對諾基亞是至關(guān)重要的 ?Nokia growth has “ no limits”諾基亞的成長是“ 無限的 ”Nokia personnel growth has a limit諾基亞員工數(shù)量的增長是有限的Work smarter, not harder!更聰明而非更辛苦的 工作 !3 169。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /NOKIA 7 Steps to Problem Solving 諾基亞七步法解決問題1. Identify problem by defining the area for improvement 確認(rèn)需要改進(jìn)的區(qū)域－確認(rèn)問題2. Analyze problems by studying the current data通過研究現(xiàn)狀， 分析問題3. Determine root cause(s)確定原因4. Develop (create/select) solutions尋求（制定 /選擇）對策5. Plan action計劃行動6. Implement the solution實(shí)施對策7. Evaluate oute評估結(jié)果 IdentifyProblem確認(rèn)問題確認(rèn)問題AnalyzeProblem分析問題分析問題DetermineCauses確定原因確定原因DevelopSolutions尋求對策尋求對策PlanAction計劃行計劃行動動ImplementSolution實(shí)施對策實(shí)施對策EvaluateOute評估結(jié)果評估結(jié)果12345677 169。Basic Tool39。 Keep the problem statement simple, just a single sentence. 描述問題宜簡潔 ,一句話即可 .10 169。Writing a Problem Statement (2/2)寫問題陳述12 169。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /Step 1 Check List步驟 1 檢查表 CHECKING THE ACTIVITIES:檢查如下活動 :? Problem with greatest business impact has been identified. 對事務(wù)影響最大的問題已被確認(rèn) .? Problem statement has been .? Project team and sponsor have been .? Costs/benefits of solving the problem have been estimated. 已估計出解決問題所需費(fèi)用 /所獲益處 .? Schedule outline for the project has been set. 已確定項(xiàng)目大約所需的時間 .CHECK QUESTION:檢查問題 :? How have you defined the gap between the actual and target? 您是如何定義現(xiàn)實(shí)與目標(biāo)之間的差距的 ?16 169。 NOKIA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL NOKIA 7 / Version 2023 /Example: Process Map示例 :過程圖Receive Order接到訂單Ask for Cash inAdvance要求預(yù)付現(xiàn)金Check CreditRating檢查信用等級ProcessOrder進(jìn)入訂貨過程Previous Customer老客戶Yes是No否RatingOK等級良好Yes是No否Send Order toProduction將訂單發(fā)往生產(chǎn)部門Yes是No否Cancel Order取消訂單PaymentReceiv