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公司價值評估與價值管理-wenkub

2023-02-27 09:05:18 本頁面
 

【正文】 Preferred stock( 優(yōu)先股) = $50 million(百萬 ) ? Book value of equity ( 權(quán)益帳面價值) = $210 million(百萬 ) Value of Operations: Constant Growth 營業(yè)資產(chǎn)價值:固定增長 Suppose FCF grows at constant rate g. 假定自由現(xiàn)金流量以固定的比率 g 增長。 ? Usually they are expected to grow. 通常,在用資產(chǎn)會逐漸增加。 ? They generate free cash flows. 他們會產(chǎn)生自由現(xiàn)金流量。 ? ?? ????????????1ttt01tttOpWACC1)g1(FCFWACC1FCFVConstant Growth Formula 固定增長公式 ? Notice that the term in parentheses is less than one and gets smaller as t gets larger. As t gets very large, term approaches zero. 注意:括弧內(nèi)的數(shù)值小于 1,隨著 t值不斷變大,該數(shù)值越來越小。 Horizon Value Formula 水平價值公式 ? Horizon value is also called terminal value, or continuing value. 水平價值也稱為終點價值(終值),或持續(xù)經(jīng)營價值。 ????????????????)g1(CRWA CCOPThe Impact of Growth (Cont.) 銷售增長的影響(續(xù)) ? If the second term in brackets is negative, then growth decreases MVA. In other words, profits are not enough to offset the return on capital required by investors. 如果括弧中第二個值是負(fù)值,那么銷售增長將會降低市場增加價值( MVA)。 t1ttCapitalNO PATERO IC ??MVA in Terms of Expected ROIC 用投入資金期望收益表達的市場增加價值( MVA) ? ?gWA CCWA CCE ROICCapitalMV A ttt???If the spread between the expected return, EROICt, and the required return, WACC, is positive, then MVA is positive and growth makes MVA larger. The opposite is true if the spread is negative. 如果投入資金的期望收益與加權(quán)平均資金成本之間的差額為正,那么市場增加價值( MVA) 也為正,銷售增長就會提高市場增加價值( MVA)。 Expected ROIC and MVA 預(yù)計的投資收益和市場增加值 Division A( A部門) Division B( B部門) Capital0 資金 0 $780 $780 $270 $270 Growth 增長率 5% 6% 5% 6% Sales1 銷售收入 1 $1,050 $1,060 $1,050 $1,060 NOPAT1稅后凈營業(yè)利潤 1 $63 $ $42 $ EROIC0預(yù)計的投資收益 % % % % MVA市場附加值 () () Analysis of Growth Strategies 銷售增長戰(zhàn)略的分析 ? The expected ROIC of Division A is less than the WACC, so the division should postpone growth efforts until it improves EROIC by reducing capital requirements (., reducing inventory) and/or improving profitability. A部門的預(yù)計投資收益要低于加權(quán)平均資金成本,所以該部門應(yīng)推遲采取銷售增長 策略,等到其通過減少資金占用(例如減少存貨)而改善預(yù)計投資收益,以及 /或改善獲利能力以后再采取相應(yīng)行動。 AntiTakeover Provisions 反接管條款 ? Targeted share repurchases (., greenmail) 有目的的回購股票(例如綠色郵件) ? Shareholder rights provisions (., poison pills) 股東權(quán)利條款(例如毒丸術(shù)) ? Restricted voting rights plans 限制投票權(quán)計劃 Board of Directors董事會 ? Weak boards have many insiders (., those who also have another position in the pany) pared with outsiders. 在軟弱的董事會中,企業(yè)內(nèi)部人員(也就是同時在公司中擁有其他職務(wù)的那些人)的數(shù)量與企業(yè)外部人員的數(shù)量相比太多。 Stock Options (Cont.) 股票期權(quán)(續(xù)) ? Can’t exercise the option after a certain number of years (called the expiration, or maturity, date). 在
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