【正文】 下表面和膝蓋的后面, 在這個部位上，任何持續(xù)的壓力都會給人造成極端的不舒適和腫脹感覺。座墊表面的各個邊緣應當稍稍向上傾斜，以便阻止臀部向邊緣滑動而使操作者能夠坐穩(wěn)。概括起來，舒適的坐態(tài)生理，應保證腰曲弧形處于正常自然狀態(tài)，腰背肌肉處于松弛狀態(tài)，從上體通向大腿的血管不受壓迫，保持血液正常循環(huán)。 （如圖 所示）本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）7 圖 舒適坐姿的關節(jié)角度 10176。；80176。；100176。工作座椅是供坐姿工作人員使用的一種由支架、腰靠、座面等構件組成的坐具。 c. 人體腰椎下部(第 4 ～ 5 節(jié)腰椎之間)應有適當?shù)难恐С小ぷ髯卧O計的基本要求: , 本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）8應能使操作者在工作過程中保持身體舒適、穩(wěn)定并能進行準確的控制和操作。工作座椅腰靠高度的調節(jié)方式為 165 ～ 210 mm 間的無級調節(jié)。 。 、阻燃、無毒。） 05腰靠傾角（176。鋼質沖壓骨架有更大的功能配置靈活性，很多附加的功能能夠被直接加在骨架上。在前撞、側撞尤其是后撞情況下，靠背骨架在撞擊能量處理方面起到關鍵的乘員保護作用。主要尺寸（如圖 所示） 。每個等距分布 10 個均為 2020mm 的小方孔，鎖止機構每次均占用 1 個小方孔， 則最大調節(jié)距離為（101）40=360mm。圖 高度調節(jié)機構其中，連接桿 2 與調整螺桿連接部分為光滑通孔，與調整螺桿無螺紋一端相接合，在調整螺桿有螺紋部分與連接桿 1 的接觸處，將連接桿件固定在調整螺桿有螺紋處和無螺紋處的中間，限制其沿調整螺桿軸向的自由度。 222 ??????????hmm639。在整個調整過程中，通過連動桿的連接，座椅兩側的角度調節(jié)機構會同步對靠背角度進行調節(jié)。圖 小型客車座椅骨架結構總成本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）16第 4 章 座椅骨架靜強度分析 汽車座椅靜強度法規(guī)汽車作為現(xiàn)代人類社會的交通工具，在給人們帶來便利和好處的同時，也給人類社會帶來了災難，那就是交通事故。對于可調式座椅，調節(jié)裝置在試驗中應能使座椅保持原調節(jié)位置，在試驗后允許失去調節(jié)功能。其加載示意圖如 所示。用臺車進行座椅動態(tài)碰撞模擬試驗時，其測量方法、分析方法及精度等都存在很多困難，并且需要投人許多資金用于購置試驗儀器和設備。 有限元算法在汽車座椅安全性研究中的應用有限元法的數(shù)學基礎是變分原理和近似分割原理，在有限元法中，實際物體或連續(xù)介質，都用一種簡單的物理模型——由有限個單元通過有限個點（稱之為節(jié)點或結點）相互聯(lián)接而形成的組和體來表示。座椅安全性設計的研究手段有很多。對于駕駛員座椅，由于裝有各種調節(jié)結構，其結構是非對稱的；同時，汽車在行駛過程中，座椅上承受著復雜的載荷，結構的各個桿件既受彎曲又受扭轉。隨著座椅結構形式的不斷變化，單純用梁單元已不足以精確地描述座椅骨架的結構，于是，設計人員越來越多地使用了其他的單元形式建模，如空間板殼單元、實體單元等。于是，人們轉向另外一條研究座椅安全性的途徑模擬計算方法，隨著計算機模擬計算的應用和發(fā)本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）19展，它的優(yōu)點逐漸展現(xiàn)出來。本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）20 對座椅底座骨架進行靜強度分析 建立底座骨架模型并指定材料1).建立底座骨架模型通過 CATIA 軟件機械設計中的零件設計和裝配模塊，組建座椅底座骨架的簡易模型。本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）21圖 加載底座材料 進入 CATIA 工程分析模塊并劃分網(wǎng)格1).進入 CATIA 工程分析模塊選擇菜單 Analysis amp。進入 GPS（創(chuàng)成式零件結構分析 Generative Part Structural Analysis）平臺后，CATIA 就已經(jīng)自動定義了網(wǎng)格和屬性，且數(shù)量和集合體尺寸對應。因此，需要在座椅底座骨架兩側板的下端邊緣對座椅底座骨架施加夾緊約束，該約束施加于形體表面或邊界，使其上的所有節(jié)點的位置固定不變（三個平移自由度全部約束） 。如圖 所示。本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）23圖4 圖 顯示劃分的網(wǎng)格2).米塞斯等效應力云圖用于評價應力分布情況，從下到上，表示應力逐漸變大。 結果分析通過對小型客車座椅有限元模型的靜力分析，在以下方面對其結果進行分析：1).底座結構形式上，在除底座外其他座椅骨架部件均滿足相關標準法規(guī)的理想前提下，采用兩側板和中間板的沖壓結構，側板和中板沖壓厚度為 10mm，滿足國際和國內法規(guī)對靠背強度的要求。在生產(chǎn)綱領已確定為大批生產(chǎn)的條件下，可以考慮采用萬能性機床配以專用夾具，并盡量使工序集中來提高生產(chǎn)率。在設計過程中還學習了三維繪圖軟件，利用三維繪圖軟件進行骨架結構和各個調節(jié)機構的設計。但一些細節(jié)方面做的還不夠完美，懇請各位老師同學給予批評指正。我的設計較為復雜煩瑣，但是王老師仍然細心地糾正圖紙中的錯誤。m1=245。w=2.*pi.*x。g=。)。hold onx=::10。x0=。a=((1w./w0).^2).*(1+91./u.*(w./w0).^21).^2+4.*b.*b.*(w./w0).^2.*(9(1./u+1).*(w./w0).^2).^2。本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）33loglog(x,y)附 錄ⅡCAR SEAT OF THE STATUS QUO AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDStudy abroad is acpanied by the seat of the birth of the car and started going through the hundredyear history, the development of a very mature, with the seatrelated safety standards and regulations have been perfect. As early as age 60 in the 20th century, many foreign countries have developed national or industry on car seat safety performance to ensure that the various regulations and standards, such as the United States to enforce laws and regulations of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety (FMVSS) and industrial and mercial equipment manufacturers association (BIFMA) and other nonmandatory laws and regulations, and developed a wide range of special test equipment. China39。s seat of an important factor. At present, many domestic manufacturers of the seats is still the linkage of traditional modes of production, resulting in the design of high cost and long development cycle. Once the quality of products and unqualified, the blind tend to take greater diameter, wall thickness or the thickness of the solution, rather than from the perspective of improving the overall structure to modify the design. Although this approach enables the weak part of the performance of the seat has changed, but the strength and stiffness will seat large margin, resulting in unnecessary waste of materials, potentially increased the cost of the product design meeting also reflected backward chair design means supporting research. There are still a lot of seat design and the manufacturer does not have a high standard of technology supporting the use of puteraided design and analysis, can only follow the traditional design methods and processes, but also for the safety seat is only the awareness of regulatory requirements remain in the country on, hindered the development of seat design. China39。s automobile industry, the design of seat work backward. Strictly speaking, the seat of our study was from the 20th century, the beginning of the eighties. After almost 20 years, currently chairs a number of manufacturers will be able to model a lot of domestic production support. With the advantages of joint ventures, domestic producers have a number of seats in part of the seat design and production technology, but still rely on foreign technology strength, selfdesign is still parked in the left at the starting stage. Caused by the design of China39。s production safety practices. chair electric chair seat is in reality the structure of the various regulation change by the manual manipulation of the manipulation of electric chair. Number of seats in the arrangement of electric motor, motor drive transmission mechanism, so that the corresponding parts of the seat have a displacement, before and after the realization of the location of the seat, up and down, tilt adjustment. Electric seat button instead of using the handle, which greatly improved the portability and convenience, the increasingly widespread application.2. Suspension seat hanging chair is created between the seat and floor of a suspension, seat suspension for vibration mitigation. Suspension by the buffer ponents, damping ponents and positioning ponents. Buffer ponents have leaf springs and coil spring and so on. seats electric chair and puter bination of the memory function of the seat. Achieved by puter feedback control of the seat. When the crew will take a good seat to adjust the location of storage into the puter, when the reuse, it will automatically adjust to the needs of the state w