【正文】
ract. 2. 其他 ( others) (2) 組胺樣作用 → ↑胃酸分泌 →誘發(fā)潰瘍 Increases secretion of gastric acid → peptic ulcer ( 消化性潰瘍 ) 妥拉唑啉(芐唑啉) Tolazoline 12 酚芐明 phenoxybenzamine 1. 可使 ? R激動劑量效曲線右移, Emax↓。pr230。 17 1. 心律失常 ( tachycardiac arrhythmia) 2. 心絞痛 ( angina pectoris) 和心梗 3. 高血壓 ( hypertension) 4. 甲狀腺功能亢進 5. 充血性心衰 (CHF ): 卡維地洛 6. 青光眼: 噻嗎洛爾 【 Clinical uses 】 臨床用途 18 【 Contraindication 】 禁忌癥 嚴重心衰 Severe heart failure 竇性心動過緩 sinus bradycardia 嚴重房室傳導(dǎo)阻滯 severe atriaventricular blockade 支氣管哮喘 bronchial asthma 19 167。 3. 解釋:內(nèi)在擬交感活性。 26 Definition ( 定義 ) Local anesthetics (LAs) are drugs that block both the generation (產(chǎn)生 ) and the conduction ( 傳導(dǎo) ) of the nerve impulse( 沖動 ) when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate ( 適當?shù)?) concentrations. 27 Local anesthetics produce the reversible( 可逆的 ) loss of sensation without the loss of consciousness. The first local anesthetic to be discovered is cocaine (可卡因 ). Owing to addiction (成癮 ), its clinical uses was limited. 28 A chemical search for synthetic (合成的 ) substitutes (代用品 ) for cocaine started in 1892. This resulted in 1905 in the synthesis of procaine (普魯卡因 ), which is still useful local anesthetic. 29 【 structure activity relationship】 (構(gòu)效關(guān)系 ) The molecule( 分子 ) of LA can be divided into three main portions(部分 ): 芳香族環(huán) :疏水性 (hydrophobicity)( 親