【正文】 traditional cost management focuses on products, which, does not set up cost responsibility, and will eventually affect the establishment of the responsibility system throughout production. On the other hand, traditional cost management cannot well assess the operation performance, nor guarantee the supervision and economization of resource consumption. This will ultimately fail the establishment of motivation and restriction based administration mechanism. The best solution to these problems is to innovate and improve the current mode of cost management by setting up a new system of activity cost management through a careful study of the pattern of cost management in the Western countries.Activitycost management sets customers as its ultimate goal, and divides the enterprise into a cluster of various activities. And the plan of the consumption of each individual activity is made according to the requirement of the next activity. The efficiency and quality of each individual activity are thus enhanced and therefore the enterprise profits are increased. Meanwhile, activitycost management deals with activity cost, and focuses on the pletion and resource consumption of each activity, which can greatly reinforce the cost awareness among management people, and will make them understand when, where and how costs are produced, so that cost can be effectively controlled. Activitycost management attachs great importance to the design of products and the quality cost management. Taking the bining of technology and economy as a principle, it can improve the design and techniques of products, relocate the limited resources into those profitable activities, and increase the enterprise value chain. As a result, the application of activitycost management will greatly improve the enterprise’s new products development and its adaptability to the market, and reinforce its survivability in the global market. On the other hand, activitycost management assesses responsibility cost by activities. This can not only realize responsibility cost, but exert employees’ motivation, creativity and cooperativeness as well. Assessing performance by activities’ responsibility costs, employees are rewarded or punished. Such a way of assessment motivates employees of each activity to search for various methods of cutting activity costs, which can therefore better the activity’s operation, quality and efficiency. The application of activitycost management has been newly launched in China, and its role in enterprise decisionmaking as a pattern of cost management has seldom been studied. Therefore, it bees urgent and important to make it fully play its role in enterprise decisionmaking by providing accurate cost information so as to cope with the dramatic changes in the management environment of enterprises. Based on standard research and case study research methods, and a parison of the theory on traditional cost management and the theory on activitycost management, this MBA thesis introduces a tentative study on the pattern of activitycost management. The author, after an introduction of the theories on activitycost and activitycost management, conducts a thorough study on the application of activitycost management in Cang Zhou Refinery, and therefore proposes relevant improvement methods. Cang Zhou Refinery sets up a simulative corporation independent accounting adjustment system based on activitycost management. Through the application of independent adjustment, the Refinery conducts a simulative market operation within the enterprise and introduces the mechanism of following the marketprice into various production and management sections. The monthly adjustment within individual section presents a clear picture of its production and management, and thus individual section can improve its general management by working on the base of responsibility profits and cost control, which will finally cut down consumptions, increase profits, and improve the standards of technologies. Based on an indepth analysis of the successful implementation of activitycost management in Cang Zhou Refinery, the author believes that enterprises, while setting up the activitycost management pattern, should be fully prepared to accept the idea of the allemployee cost management, to better policies of controlling, to clarify the focus of responsibilities, to implement reasonable and effective punishment and rewarding policies, and to make innovations in cost management patterns. To implement activitycost management does not mean an abandon of traditional cost management, but is rather a synthesis of the two. An effective implementation of activitycost management provides accurate cost adjustment information, and plays an important role in cost control and management decision making. Key words： Activitybased cost Activity cost management cost driverTitle: A Tentative Study on the Activity－based Cost Management Pattern and its Application in Enterprise Management第一章 緒論1．1作業(yè)成本管理研究的背景及意義 成本管理一直是企業(yè)重要的生產(chǎn)控制環(huán)節(jié)，它是衡量企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)成果的一個(gè)重要指標(biāo)。同時(shí)，社會(huì)市場(chǎng)由賣方市場(chǎng)向買方市場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)化，這直接表現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)品需求多樣化、個(gè)性化上，從而使產(chǎn)品生命周期縮短，并促使企業(yè)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的市場(chǎng)細(xì)分。 CIMS的出現(xiàn)給企業(yè)的成本計(jì)算帶來(lái)了最直接、最重大的影響。與此相對(duì)應(yīng)，成本構(gòu)成中的間接費(fèi)用呈多樣化劇增，主要表現(xiàn)在設(shè)備投資、專業(yè)人員薪金、軟件費(fèi)用以及研究開發(fā)費(fèi)用等方面。這一“源流”對(duì)構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代成本管理模式的整體框架提供了思路。到80年代末期，CIMS的興起使得會(huì)計(jì)實(shí)務(wù)界感到產(chǎn)品成本信息與現(xiàn)實(shí)脫節(jié)甚遠(yuǎn)，庫(kù)珀和卡普蘭經(jīng)過(guò)一系列的分析后，借鑒斯坦珀斯的思想提出了“作業(yè)量基準(zhǔn)成本計(jì)算”的方法。隨著運(yùn)用ABC方法的企業(yè)逐漸增多，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)ABCS給企業(yè)成本管理提供了很好的基礎(chǔ)。廈門大學(xué)的余緒纓教授率先在《當(dāng)代財(cái)經(jīng)入《會(huì)計(jì)研究》等雜志上撰文介紹ABC，從而掀起了國(guó)內(nèi)ABC法研究的浪潮。1．2研究思路及研究框架 本論文研究的總體思路是采用定性分析與定量分析相結(jié)合、規(guī)范研究與案例研究相結(jié)合的方法，通過(guò)對(duì)滄州煉油廠實(shí)施作業(yè)成本法的深入研究，提出作業(yè)成本管理理論在企業(yè)成本計(jì)算和經(jīng)營(yíng)決策中的應(yīng)用設(shè)想。這種傳統(tǒng)的成本計(jì)算方法的適用性是十分明顯的，即它只適用于產(chǎn)品品種很少，或各種產(chǎn)品消耗間接費(fèi)用的水平相差不多，或間接成本數(shù)額不大的情況。但隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的不斷深入，傳統(tǒng)成本管理中存在的弊端，制約了企業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，妨礙企業(yè)發(fā)展。也就是說(shuō)當(dāng)產(chǎn)品消耗的和數(shù)量有關(guān)的投入與消耗的和數(shù)量無(wú)關(guān)的投入不是同比例變動(dòng)時(shí)，數(shù)量基礎(chǔ)成本系統(tǒng)將扭曲產(chǎn)品成本。這種情況下。80年代初，一批會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)術(shù)界和實(shí)業(yè)界人士逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到傳統(tǒng)成本管理的缺陷，提出了以“作業(yè)”為核心的現(xiàn)代成本管理模式—作業(yè)成本管理。而要做到零庫(kù)存，要求實(shí)現(xiàn)準(zhǔn)時(shí)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)（JIT）、全面質(zhì)量管理（TQM），實(shí)現(xiàn)零缺陷。②分析作業(yè)的必要性。企業(yè)的作業(yè)數(shù)量少則幾十個(gè)，多則成百上千，逐一進(jìn)行分析會(huì)造成成本上升，因而應(yīng)進(jìn)行選擇性的分析。⑤分析作業(yè)之間的聯(lián)系。作業(yè)成本計(jì)算是作業(yè)管理的基礎(chǔ)和中介，并貫穿作業(yè)管理的始終。把作業(yè)作為業(yè)績(jī)計(jì)量評(píng)價(jià)的起點(diǎn)，這樣可以把企業(yè)各個(gè)方面的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)