【正文】 Unit 4 What would you do 一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容： 本篇文章重點(diǎn)單詞和詞組： invent 發(fā)明 inventor 發(fā)明者，發(fā)明家 court 球場 factory 工廠 challenge 向 … 挑戰(zhàn) indoors 在室內(nèi) hard 硬的 wooden 木質(zhì)的 touch 接觸、碰撞 hoop 籃圈 basket 籃 balcony 看座、看臺 divide 分、分開 backboard 籃板 replace 替代、替換 pete 競爭、對抗 earn 掙得 NBA（ National Basketball Association ）全美籃球協(xié)會 increase 增加，增長 separate 分、分開 non－ contact sport 互不接觸的運(yùn)動 divide into 把 … 分成 in history 在歷史上 stop … from … 阻止 be replaced by 被 … 取代 much more 更加，更不用說 課文大意： 請大家看一下練習(xí)題的第二 道，從這個(gè)題我們可以了解到文章的大意，即籃球發(fā)展的歷史過程： In 1861 , basketball’s inventor was born. In 1891 , the first game of basketball was played. In 1936 , basketball became an Olympic event. Since 1949 , basketball courts have been seen everywhere in factories , schools , and even houses in China. 二 . 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)： 1. China is a large country with many different and interesting ways of doing things. with 在這里表情況 在中國這樣一個(gè)大國里，各種不同的做事方式無奇不有 2. But people who travel around China can always see one thing that is the same everywhere basketball. 在本句中出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)定語從句 （ 1） Who travel around China （ 2） that is the same everywhere 分別修飾 people 和 one thing 翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)把定語從句放在所修飾詞的前面 但在中國旅游的人總能看到一樣?xùn)|西各處都是一樣的－－籃球 3. This much loved sport is enjoyed by men and women , and by young and old. （ 1） much loved 為合成詞，深受人喜愛的，是個(gè)形容詞 類似的詞有 kindhearted 熱心腸的 warmhearted nearsighted 近視眼的 threelegged 三條腿的 （ 2） be enjoyed by 為被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)譯為 “被 … 喜愛的，深受 … 喜愛的 ” （ 3） young 和 old 在這里被用作名詞，應(yīng)譯為年輕人和老人 這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動深受男女老幼的喜愛 4. The sport of basketball is a little over a hundred years old. a little over 應(yīng)譯為稍多于 5. Since 1949 , basketball courts have been seen everywhere. have been seen 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài) 它的構(gòu)成為主語＋ have / has / been +過去分詞 自從 1949 年，籃球場已經(jīng)在中國的工廠，學(xué)校甚至家庭中隨處可見。 6. Millions of people play the sport for fun and exercise , but few people know how basketball started. （ 1） million 當(dāng)我們說一百萬、兩百萬、三百萬 … 時(shí)， million 不變復(fù)數(shù) one / a million ， 2 million 3 million 而說 “數(shù)以百萬計(jì) ”的， million 應(yīng)變復(fù)數(shù) millions of （ 2） few 幾 乎沒有 few+可數(shù)名詞 上百萬的人出于娛樂和鍛煉的目的打籃球，但很少有人知道籃球的起源 7. Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor. was invented by 是一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)譯成被發(fā)明 其句式是主語＋ was / were ＋過去分詞＋ by 短語 8. his teacher challenged the class to invent a new game challenge （ 1） n. 名詞，挑戰(zhàn) It’s really a challenge for me. 這對我來說確實(shí)是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。 （ 2） v. 動詞＝ ask someone to do something different , challenge sb to a game of tennis. 要求某人參加網(wǎng)球比賽 She challenged the newspaper to prove its story. 她要求這家報(bào)紙證實(shí)報(bào)道的真實(shí)性 9. the teacher wanted a game that people could play indoors. （ 1） indoor 形容詞，在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行或放置的，適用于室內(nèi)的 indoor games , activities 室內(nèi)游戲、活動 （ 2） indoors 副詞，在室內(nèi)，往室內(nèi) go / stay indoors 進(jìn) /留在屋內(nèi) 10. But he wanted the game to be a noncontact sport because it would be played on hard wooden floors would be played 為過去將來時(shí)被動語態(tài) 其構(gòu)成為 would + be + 過去分詞 11. If people touched , they could fall down and get hurt . 如果人們互相接觸的話，他們就會摔倒并且受傷。 get hurt 也可以說 be hurt , get 為系動詞， hurt 為過去分詞 12. He put them high on the balcony where people sat looking down at the players 他把它們（籃筐）放在比較高的位置，這樣人們（觀眾）就可以坐在看臺上俯視籃球運(yùn)動員了。 （ 1） Where people sat looking down at the players. 這部分為定語從句，修飾前面的 balcony. （ 2） looking down 為現(xiàn)在分詞，表伴隨的動作 （ 3） balcony 此處為 “看臺 ”，此外，它還有 “陽臺 ”的含義。 13. He divided them into two teams of nine and taught them how to play his new game. 他把他們（ 18 人）分成 9 人的兩隊(duì)，然后教他們?nèi)绾巫鲞@個(gè)新游戲 divide into 是個(gè)詞組意為 “分成 ” If you divide 6 into 30 / divide 30 by 6 , the answer is 5. 以 6 除 30，答案為 5。 The teacher divide the students into 2 parts. 老師把同學(xué)們分成兩部分 14. They played the first basketball game in history . in history 是個(gè)詞組，意為 “在歷史上 ” 15. The backboards behind the baskets were added to stop people in the balcony from trying to catch the ball （ 1） stop sb from doing 阻止某 人做某事 Can you stop the child from getting into mischief ? 你不能制止那個(gè)孩子惡作劇嗎？ What can stop us from going if we want to go ? 如果我們要去，什么能阻止我們不能成行呢？ （ 2） were added 為被動語態(tài)， “被加進(jìn)去 ” 整句應(yīng)譯為：籃筐后面的籃板被加了進(jìn)來，以防止看臺上的觀眾接住球 16. Later , the baskets were replaced by . be replaced by 被 … 代替 后來，籃子被籃網(wǎng)代替了。 17. For many years , Americans were the most famous basketball players , but the sport is much more international. 多年以來，美國人一直以籃球著稱于世，但這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動更是一場國際化的運(yùn)動。 much more 是個(gè)詞組，意為更加，更不用說 如： It’s difficult to understand his books , much more his lectures. 他的書難懂，它的演講就更難懂了。 18. Many top players from around the world earn big money playing in America’s NBA. 很多頂尖的運(yùn)動員通過在美國 NBA中打球掙大錢。 （ 1） top players 頂尖運(yùn)動員，我們還可以說 top students. （ 2） playing … 為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表方式 課文結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 本篇文章共 6 段（ 6 paragraphs） 1 段和 2 段應(yīng)為一部分 The situation in China. 中國的情況 （ 1） Basketball is enjoyed by men and women , and by young and old. （ 2） Few people kn