【正文】 I / 51摘 要隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，顧客（Customer）消費(fèi)水平的不斷提高，企業(yè)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)（Competition）日益加劇，加上經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)環(huán)境的巨大變化（Change） ，使得整個(gè)市場(chǎng)需求的不確定性增大。特別是在我國(guó)正面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型和融入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的進(jìn)程中， “3C”所帶來(lái)的內(nèi)外部環(huán)境不確定性的變化，使得我國(guó)企業(yè)不得不進(jìn)行組織和制度形式的創(chuàng)新，以提高自身的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。產(chǎn)業(yè)集群和供應(yīng)鏈管理作為有效的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展載體和組織管理范式，正成為諸多地方經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體和企業(yè)生存與發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，我國(guó)集群經(jīng)濟(jì)得到了迅猛發(fā)展，以浙江的“塊狀經(jīng)濟(jì)” 和廣東的 “專(zhuān)業(yè)鎮(zhèn)經(jīng)濟(jì)”為代表，涌現(xiàn)出一批經(jīng)營(yíng)靈活的中小企業(yè)集群，極大的促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，引起了很多地方政府和企業(yè)的高度重視。但是，在實(shí)際運(yùn)作中，產(chǎn)業(yè)集群內(nèi)的企業(yè)往往只是出于對(duì)資源和信息的共享而進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的“扎堆” ，企業(yè)之間存在更多的是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而不是合作，整個(gè)集群系統(tǒng)缺乏一個(gè)高效、科學(xué)的供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)來(lái)進(jìn)行整合。本文從產(chǎn)業(yè)集群與供應(yīng)鏈耦合的角度出發(fā)，從目前主流的以某一企業(yè)為視角的單鏈?zhǔn)焦?yīng)鏈管理研究，延伸到以某一產(chǎn)業(yè)集群為視角的網(wǎng)絡(luò)式供應(yīng)鏈（即集群式供應(yīng)鏈）管理的研究。文章首先對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群和供應(yīng)鏈管理的基本理論進(jìn)行了一般性的梳理和歸納，為后面將產(chǎn)業(yè)集群和供應(yīng)鏈結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行研究打下基礎(chǔ)。然后，通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有的將產(chǎn)業(yè)集群和供應(yīng)鏈結(jié)合起來(lái)研究的理論成果進(jìn)行深入的分析，進(jìn)而提出了集群式供應(yīng)鏈的概念，認(rèn)為集群式供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)且环N“源于企業(yè)，但不限于企業(yè)；依于集群，但不囿于集群” 的產(chǎn)業(yè)組織。文章接著對(duì)集群式供應(yīng)鏈的特征和類(lèi)型進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的歸納與分析，指出我國(guó)當(dāng)前主要存在單一中心型、多中心型和無(wú)中心型三類(lèi)集群式供應(yīng)鏈組織。文章在總結(jié)不同類(lèi)型集群式供應(yīng)鏈共同特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計(jì)和歸納出集群式供應(yīng)鏈的總體組織構(gòu)架（名詞性組織） ，并進(jìn)一步指出驅(qū)動(dòng)集群式供應(yīng)鏈高效運(yùn)作的四個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。接下來(lái)是文章的核心部分，即從四個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)因素的角度，對(duì)不同類(lèi)型的集群式供應(yīng)鏈具體的組織模式進(jìn)行研究（動(dòng)詞性組織） ，并分別給予相應(yīng)的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群實(shí)例進(jìn)行論證。最后，基于以上分析，文章從政府、中間結(jié)構(gòu)以及企業(yè)三個(gè)層面，提出了提升集群式供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)運(yùn)作效率的具體政策及保障措施。關(guān)鍵字：產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，供應(yīng)鏈，集群式供應(yīng)鏈，組織模式III / 51ABSTRACTAlong with the development of technology and productivity, it makes the uncertainty of market demand increase that the consumption level of customer enhancing continuously, the petition among enterprises intensifying and the greatly change of the economy and social environment. The uncertainty change of internal and external environment caused by “3C”, makes enterprises carry on the anization and the system form innovation, in order to enhance the international petitive power themselves, especially during the progress of economy transforming and being melted into the global economic system. The industrial cluster and the supply chain management, as the effective development carrier of region economy and the model of anization manage, is being the key of survival and development for many economic entities and the enterprises. Since the reform and open policy, cluster economy in China has developed fleetly and emerged many smallsized enterprise clusters, take the “block economy” in Zhejiang Province and the “specialized town economy” in Guangdong Province for example. They accelerate the local economy development enormously, and cause the high recognition for many local authorities and the enterprises. In fact, the enterprises in the industrial cluster only collect simply to share the resources and information. There lacks of one highly effective supply chain system to integrate the enterprises together, and exists more petition than cooperation in cluster.This paper takes the coupling between industrial cluster and supply chain as the new angle, from the study of single supply chain that is the mainstream theory based on the enterprise at present, to the study of supply chain based on the industrial cluster. First, the article generally analyzes and concludes the basic theories of the management of the industrial cluster and the supply chain, paving the way for the joint research of the two later, then brings forward the concept of cluster supply chain based on the domestic and international research of the two together, considering the cluster supply chain as such a anization: “originated but not limited to the enterprise, based on but not localized to the cluster”. After giving the concept, the article analyzes and concludes the types and the characters of the cluster supply chain generally, pointing out that there are three kinds of cluster supply chain anization in our country presently: singlecentered, multicentered and noncentered. Then the article gives a total description of the cluster supply chain, designs and concludes the whole structure of its anization, further pointing out the four factors which push the chain functions effectively. The core of this article is the research of the specific structure of the anization about different types of cluster supply chain from the angle of the four factors, and uses cases to prove it separately. In the end, the article concludes some specific polices and protective measures from the facets of government, mesosphere and the enterprise.Key Words：Industrial cluster, Supply chain, Cluster supply chain, Organization modelV / 51目 錄1 導(dǎo) 論 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1 選題背景及研究意義 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1 選題背景 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1 研究意義 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2 國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)理論綜述 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????3 產(chǎn)業(yè)集群理論綜述 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????4 供應(yīng)鏈理論綜述 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????5 研究思路及研究?jī)?nèi)容 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7 本文的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)和不足 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????9 論文的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn) ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????9 論文的不足之處 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????102 集群式供應(yīng)鏈及其驅(qū)動(dòng)因素分析 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????11 集群式供應(yīng)鏈的基本理論 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????11 集群式供應(yīng)鏈的概念的提出 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????11 集群式供應(yīng)鏈的特征表述 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????13 集群式供應(yīng)鏈的分類(lèi) ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????16 集群式供應(yīng)鏈總體組織構(gòu)架及驅(qū)動(dòng)因素分析 ??????????????????????????????????????????17 集群式供應(yīng)鏈總體組織構(gòu)架 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????17 集群式供應(yīng)鏈驅(qū)動(dòng)因素分析 ?????????????????????????????????????????????