【正文】 2013年英語(yǔ)二復(fù)習(xí)試題UNIT 11UNIT 1　　一、 word study　　objective acpany argue define　?、?objective　　a.⑴客觀的，真實(shí)的。⑵如實(shí)的，無(wú)偏見(jiàn)的?！　e have to accept the objective reality as it is.　　我們必須接受客觀事實(shí)?！　he literary critics should be as objective as possible in analysis and judgement.　　文學(xué)批評(píng)家在分析和評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)應(yīng)盡量不偏不倚。　　，目的?！　eople work hard to carry out the economic objectives of the Ninth FiveYear Plan.　　人們?yōu)榱藢?shí)現(xiàn)第九個(gè)五年規(guī)劃的經(jīng)濟(jì)目標(biāo)而努力工作。　　My objective for the present is to pass the oral exam.　　我目前的目標(biāo)是通過(guò)口試?！　、?acpany　　vt./、伴隨，陪同；為。伴奏　　The singer was acpanied on the piano by his pupil.　　演唱者由他的學(xué)生擔(dān)任鋼琴伴奏?！　he lonely old man is acpanied by his dog.　　這位孤獨(dú)的老人讓他的狗作伴?！　ll orders must be acpanied with cash.　　所有的訂貨單必須隨附現(xiàn)金?！　、?argue　　vt./，爭(zhēng)論，辯論　　作不及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，后邊可以接with,about或over，for（贊成）或against（反對(duì)）。　　She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.　　她總喜歡為極小的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行爭(zhēng)論?！　e often argues philosophy with James.　　他常和詹姆斯討論哲學(xué)?！　e argued for immediate action.　　他主張立即行動(dòng)?！　hey argued against such a policy.　　他們反對(duì)這種政策?！　　⒄f(shuō)服；用辯論說(shuō)服　　argue into（out of）doing sth.. 說(shuō)服某人做（不做）某事?！　 argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.　　我說(shuō)服他不做這樣危險(xiǎn)的旅行?！　e argued that man was descended from apes.　　他論證人類的祖先是猿?！　、?define　　、解釋，給。下定義；限定，規(guī)定?！　ork is defined as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of application moves in the direction of the force.　　功的定義是力和力的著力點(diǎn)沿力的方向移動(dòng)的距離的乘積?！　e has defined his position on the issues.　　他已表明自己在這些問(wèn)題上的立場(chǎng)。UNIT 12二、 ?？季湫汀　Q策是在現(xiàn)有的可選做法中所做的選擇。P1　　A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.　　管理者經(jīng)常必須對(duì)未來(lái)的情況下做出最佳的猜測(cè)，盡量不存僥幸。P2　　Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.　　如果沒(méi)有選擇，就無(wú)決策可言。P3　　If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made.　　對(duì)于管理者而言，每次決策都受到政策、程序、法律、慣例等待因素的制約。P3　　For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like.　　例如，管理者有時(shí)以非此即彼的方式來(lái)處理問(wèn)題。P4　　For example, managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion.　　決策者們必須有辦法決定數(shù)個(gè)可選項(xiàng)中的哪一個(gè)是最好的哪一個(gè)對(duì)組織目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)起作用最大。P6　　Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best—that is, which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.　　就更大的系統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)，增加研究經(jīng)費(fèi)以便改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品，對(duì)該組織更有益。P6　　In the larger scheme of things, however, increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.　　有些目標(biāo)比另一些目標(biāo)更重要，但其排序和重要性則因人和部門而異。P7　　Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department .　　三、 習(xí)題　　　　goal, objective, acplish, predict, acpany, implement, tendency, achievement, argue, budget, define, entity,　　　　in the way, in part, point of view, contribute to, to apply for, in hand, to turn down　　　　與?？季湫拖嗤！　?A 漢譯英　　決策者應(yīng)該能夠?qū)?lái)作出最好的推測(cè)。　　Decision makers should be able to make a best guess at what the future will be.　　有人認(rèn)為經(jīng)理們所作的一切均與決策有關(guān)。　　Some people believe almost everything a manager does involves decision.　　沒(méi)有正確的選擇就沒(méi)有正確的決定?！　f there is no proper choice, there is no proper decision.　　不同的人對(duì)同樣的問(wèn)題有不同的看法，所以解決的辦法也不同?！　ifferent people have different ideas about the same problem。 their solutions to the problem are, therefore, also different.　　決策者往往是公司業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。　　Decision makers often play the key role in the development of the business of a pany.　　Decision makers are usually key people who determine the pany39。s business development.UNIT 13四、歷年試題　　1. Almost everything a manager does _______ (involve) decisions, indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making . ()?！　〈鸢甘莍nvolves . 考點(diǎn): involve 為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！　?there is no choice, there is no decision _______(make). ()　　答案是to be made ?？键c(diǎn)：to be made 是動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)修飾decision.　　3. If you are now_____your thirties, you can expect to live nearly one third of the rest of your life after the age of 60. ()　　A. in 　　B. at　　 C. between 　　D. among　　答案是　A.　　4. Almost everything a manager does_____decisions。 indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making. ()　　A. imposes　　 B. improvise 　　C. involves 　　D. indicates　　答案為C .　　5. When______(present) with a mon case, sales managers tend to see sales problems and production managers see production problems.　　答案為presented . 考點(diǎn)： present 是過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)?！　?. An organization is a group of people, and a decision_____(make) today may have consequences far into the future.　　答案是made . 考點(diǎn)：make 是過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)， 修飾decision .　　7. 漢譯英：通常管理者必須對(duì)未來(lái)的情況作出最佳的預(yù)測(cè)?！　〈鸢福篛ften managers must make a best guess at what the future will be.　　1. 決策的目的是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)組織的目標(biāo)。　　答：The purpose of making a decision is to achieve organizational goals.　　2. 決策過(guò)程對(duì)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理至關(guān)重要?！　〈穑?The decisionmaking process is fundamental to business management.　　3. 經(jīng)理所做的任何事情幾乎都與決策有關(guān)?！　〈穑篈lmost everything a manager does involves decisionmaking.　　4. 雖然我們不能預(yù)見(jiàn)未來(lái)，但應(yīng)當(dāng)盡量減少偶然性發(fā)生?！　〈穑?Although we cannot predict the future, we must try t leave as little as possible to chance.　　5. 不同的管理者對(duì)同一問(wèn)題的解釋不同。　　答： Different manager define the same problem in different terms.UNIT 21一、word study　　exert,collapse,lauch,operate　　① exert　?。Γ话l(fā)揮（威力等）；施加（壓力等）；產(chǎn)生（影響等）；行使（職權(quán)等）　　He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.　　他已盡了全力以達(dá)到自己的目標(biāo)?！　e has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.　　他一直在施加種種壓力要我改變主意?！　hese principles exerted great influence upon the course of the revolution.　　這些原則對(duì)革命進(jìn)程產(chǎn)生了很大的影響?！　、?collapse　　、倒塌，崩潰，瓦解；（健康等）垮掉，（因精疲力竭等原因）倒下　　The storm caused the collapse of the wooden shelter.　　暴風(fēng)雨使這個(gè)避風(fēng)雨的木棚倒塌了。　　He suffered from a nervous collapse.　　他的精神崩潰了?！　he collapse of the government left the country in confusion.　　政府的倒臺(tái)使全國(guó)陷入混亂之中?！　?，崩潰　　The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.　　屋頂被雪壓塌了。