【正文】 語法專題（附參考答案）專題一 冠詞I、重點難點解析 冠詞是一種虛詞，放在名詞的前面，幫助說明名詞的含義 歷年高考試題對冠詞的考查涉及到冠詞的位置、不定冠詞、定冠詞、零冠詞及固定搭配中的冠詞等各個方面。下面我們以表格的形式對前四個方面進行總結(jié)，1. 冠詞的位置 考點 示例1such／what／many／rather／quite + a (n)+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞quite a small house2how／however／so／too／as／that／this十形容詞+a(u)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞so nice a girl3 both／all／half／twice／double + the +名詞twice the size of the room4 half a (n）或a half + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Half an hour／a half hour 考點 示例 1 表示泛指，與any同義 A square has four sides． 2 表示數(shù)量“一”，與one同義，但其數(shù)的概念不如one強烈 He will be back in a week． 3 表示“相同的”，與the same同義 Birds of a feather flock together． 4 表示“每一個”，與every，each，per同義 I visit my father once a month． 5 表示“某一”，與a certain同義 A Mr Smith is waiting to see you． 6 表示“像……似的”，與one like同義 He is a Lei Feng in our class． 7 用在某些物質(zhì)名詞前表示“一種、‘一陣、 一份、一場”等 We had a heavy rain last night．8 用在某些抽象名詞前，使其具體化 You are a great help to your mother．3. 定冠詞考點示例 1特指上文提到過的、談話雙方都清楚的、受定語修飾的人或物 There l met a foreigner and the foreigner helped me a lot. / Do you know the man standing by the window?2用于單數(shù)名詞前，指一類事物The lion is a wild animal.3用于樂器名稱前the violin / the piano 4用于世界上獨一無二的事物前the sun/the earth/the world 5與某些形容詞連用表示一類人the rich / the young / the aged 6在字數(shù)詞和最高級前the first one to e to school／the best student in our class7在江河湖海、山脈群島、海峽海岸的地名中The Changjiang River / the West Lake / the English Channel8在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前、逢整十數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)前play (the) piano／the Browns／in the 1920s/9在表示國家的形容詞前，泛指該國的人民.the Chinese / the English 10用在一些習慣用語中in the morning / the day after tomorrow / the day before yesterday / the next year 4. 零冠詞 考點 示例1專用名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前China, America, Grade One, Class Two2名詞前已有this, that, my, your, some, any 等Go down this street.3當復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時We are students./ I like reading stories.4成對名詞連用時 day after day／face to face5在球類、棋類、學科、語言、三餐名詞前play basketball／play chess／like physics. speak English／at lunch6在季節(jié)、月份、某些含Day的節(jié)假日、星期等名詞前Autumn is the best season in Beijing.／in May／New Year’s Day／On Sunday7在某些習慣用語中的名詞前At noon／by bus／by telephone/ in bed, in time / go to bed / go to college5. 英語中含有冠詞的詞組辯析英語中有不少詞組，從形式看好象只有冠詞之差，而實際上卻是意義完全不同的新詞組。1. in front of 在……（外）的前面 。 in the front of 在……（內(nèi)）的前面 There’s a garden in front of the classroom. There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 2. in charge of 掌管；負責。 in the charge of 在……負責之下 An experienced worker is in charge of the project. The project is in the charge of an experienced worker. 3. at table 在用飯；吃飯時。 at the table 在桌旁 He seldom talks at table. They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 4. by day 白天；日間 。 by the day 按日計 He works in an office by day. Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day. 5. take place 發(fā)生；舉行 。 take the place 代替；接替 When did this conversation take place? Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England. 6. in words 用言語 。 in a word 總之 Please express your thought in words. In a word, I don’t trust you. 7. at times 有時；不時 。 at a time 一次 I do feel a little nervous at times. Pass me the bricks two at a time. 8. little 少；不多的 。 a little 一些；一點點 Hurry up, there’s little time left. Don’t hurry, you still have a little time. 9. few 很少；幾乎沒有的。 a few 有些；幾個 He is a man of few words. Only a few of the children can read. most interesting 非常有趣的 。 the most interesting 最有趣的（形容詞的最高級） This is a most interesting story. This is the most interesting story of the three. doctor and nurse 一位醫(yī)生兼護士 。 a doctor and a nurse 一位醫(yī)生和一位護士 A doctor and nurse is standing there. A doctor and a nurse are standing there. number of 許多；好些 。 the number of …（的）數(shù)目 A number of students are in the classroom. The number of students in the classroom is forty. II、實戰(zhàn)演練（一）．用適當?shù)墓谠~填空，不需要的劃“\”., could I speak to Mr. Smith? Sorry, wrong number. There isn39。t______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don39。t like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in the film we saw yesterday?3. I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard. You shouldn39。t put drinks near ________ puter.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to bee a university professor, my father39。s advice was _______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _________ spread of AIDS. 6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living. 7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here.. 8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellent footballer. 11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith