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數(shù)列與三角函數(shù)練習(xí)題難題(已修改)

2025-01-26 02:23 本頁(yè)面
 

【正文】 [例1]已知數(shù)列{an}是公差為d的等差數(shù)列,數(shù)列{bn}是公比為q的(q∈R且q≠1)的等比數(shù)列,若函數(shù)f(x)=(x-1)2,且a1=f(d-1),a3=f(d+1),b1=f(q+1),b3=f(q-1),(1)求數(shù)列{an}和{bn}的通項(xiàng)公式;解:(1)∵a1=f(d-1)=(d-2)2,a3=f(d+1)=d2,∴a3-a1=d2-(d-2)2=2d,∵d=2,∴an=a1+(n-1)d=2(n-1);又b1=f(q+1)=q2,b3=f(q-1)=(q-2)2,∴=q2,由q∈R,且q≠1,得q=-2,∴bn=bqn-1=4(-2)n-1[例2]設(shè)An為數(shù)列{an}的前n項(xiàng)和,An= (an-1),數(shù)列{bn}的通項(xiàng)公式為bn=4n+3。(1)求數(shù)列{an}的通項(xiàng)公式;(2)把數(shù)列{an}與{bn}的公共項(xiàng)按從小到大的順序排成一個(gè)新的數(shù)列,證明:數(shù)列{dn}的通項(xiàng)公式為dn=32n+1。解:(1)由An=(an-1),可知An+1=(an+1-1),∴an+1-an= (an+1-an),即=3,而a1=A1= (a1-1),得a1=3,所以數(shù)列是以3為首項(xiàng),公比為3的等比數(shù)列,數(shù)列{an}的通項(xiàng)公式an=3n.(2)∵32n+1=332n=3(4-1)2n=3[42n+C42n-1(-1)+…+C4(-1)+(-1)2n]=4n+3,∴32n+1∈{bn}.而數(shù)32n=(4-1)2n=42n+C42n-1(-1)+…+C4(-1)+(-1)2n=(4k+1),∴32n{bn},而數(shù)列{an}={a2n+1}∪{a2n},∴dn=32n+1.[例3]數(shù)列{an}滿足a1=2,對(duì)于任意的n∈N*都有an>0,且(n+1)an2+anan+1-nan+12=0,又知數(shù)列{bn}的通項(xiàng)為bn=2n-1+1.(1)求數(shù)列{an
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