住房政策的外文翻譯--住房政策是福利和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的鏈接-文庫吧
2025-04-17 16:24 本頁面
【正文】 有限的資源，住房建設(shè) 的政策正努力地與其他領(lǐng)域的政策競爭著， 同時 房屋專員經(jīng)常被要求證明對房地產(chǎn)投資的益處。目前 ,地方政府似乎正全神貫注于任務(wù)振興和重組當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)上，對于公共產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)和投資，他們沒有什么興趣。相反 ,他們覺得確保市收入應(yīng) 先于開支。然而 ,通過擴(kuò)展上述的爭論 —— 促進(jìn)中小企業(yè)的股權(quán) 以刺激 當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì) — 看起來這筆錢是花 在住房投資 上 了 ,甚至 社會住房 也會產(chǎn)生 強(qiáng)大的 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。 舊的城市區(qū)域成功適應(yīng)新經(jīng)濟(jì)這個現(xiàn)實(shí)似乎由兩個世界組成。它們是工作場所和富裕的新運(yùn)動場，是生活的炫耀性消費(fèi)。 與此同時 ,這些地方的特點(diǎn)是腐朽的社區(qū)、濃度的弱勢民族、無家可歸的人在街道上行走 等等 。從福利 的意識形態(tài)上說，對比于過去孕育了大型社會住房項(xiàng)目，共享經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的效益 ，我們認(rèn)為 福利再分配的理想輸給了自由觀念。 然而 ,沒有特別的需要來恢復(fù)過去社區(qū)住宅這個項(xiàng)目。其他一些不那么雄心勃勃的解決方案 ,可在一個區(qū)域內(nèi)減少社會不平等的事件。但是這些設(shè)計(jì)必須考慮燃料投資。良好的居住環(huán)境吸引著 人們，才能通過私人投資方式獲得及時 的 投資資金 ,相反的，住房條件差是一個社會排斥和沖突強(qiáng)烈的標(biāo)志。當(dāng)他們傳送清晰的信息時，他們必須避免這些：在這里，不是新投資就一定安全。當(dāng)用一個式子計(jì)算出一個城市的成功時，房屋建設(shè)不應(yīng)該是福利與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā) 展中缺失的環(huán)節(jié)。 外文原文（復(fù)印件） Housing policy – the link between welfare and economic development The expansion of the housing stock has been one of the most visible changes in European cities in recent decades。 new homes and new residential areas dominate many of the urban landscapes. The increase in the number of homes reflects the development of the economy and the steadily rising level of affluence, as well as the socalled second demographic transition that has resulted in an unprecedented growth of the number of households. This increase readily translated into demand for housing. In some countries – especially those in Northwestern Europe – the demographic changes came earlier than elsewhere。 there are also significant variations in the policy responses, depending on national cultures and political traditions, as well as on the vagaries of the development of the national economies. But wherever state a major policy ingredient. Over 60 percent of the current housing stock in Northwestern Europe was built after 1945 (Feddes and Dieleman, 1996). In one form or another, much of this construction has been subsidized, and the huge amount of money this required largely accounts for the fact that homebuilding programs and their differentiation remained high on the political agenda. Initially, all efforts were aimed at building more dwellings in response to the smoldering issue of the housing shortage. But when the global economy went into recession in the early 1970s, the escalating housing subsidies became a bone of contention throughout Northwestern Europe. Attempts to keep the state budgets under control by using the financial resources as efficiently as possible led to the overhaul of the subsidy systems. The emphasis shifted away from general construction subsidies that were meant to keep the cost of housing low. Instead, housingcost subsidies were made available to households whose ine did not allow for increased housing expenses. In some countries, this help was only offered to renters。 elsewhere, the program also covered lowine homeowners. The policy shift allowed house prices to increase to (almost) market levels. At the same time, it stimulated eff
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