【正文】 ravel 散客have?1)The travel plan and schedule for the free independent travel can be arranged by the free independent traveler himself, but for the group travel, these are generally arranged by the travel service or the related service agency ahead of time。3)The free independent travel is capricious（反復(fù)無常的）and changeable, and the service items are not fixed, what?s more, the degree of its freedom is big。4)The payment method 付款方式for the free independent travel is sometimes paying cash oddly for different tour items according to retail rate, so its price is relatively more expensive than that of the group travel。5)Because the free independent travel has no tour leader and national guide, the service for it is more ,散客旅游具有哪些特點(diǎn)?答:(1)預(yù)定期短。(3)批次多。(5)變化大。 is the tourist?s psychological心理的status at the beginning of traveling?Seek for safety and newness.游客在旅游活動(dòng)不同階段的心理主要有哪些？ 答：（1）旅游初期階段：求安全心理、求新心理；（2）旅游中期階段：懶散心態(tài)、新全心理、群體心理；（3）旅游后期階段：忙于個(gè)人事務(wù)。psychology for seeking perfection。導(dǎo)游內(nèi)容的高知識(shí)化； 2)Scientific guide measure。 are the four styles of question and answer method for the guide? 導(dǎo)游人員運(yùn)用問答法的四種形式？1)The guide asks the question and answers by himself。 3)The tourist asks the question and the guide answers。umbrella。 2)C= business class。4)K= thrift（[θrift] 節(jié)儉）class.平價(jià)艙。m230。外交護(hù)照 2)Business passport。 is the guide language in broad sense?什么是廣義的導(dǎo)游語(yǔ)言？1)Oral language。態(tài)勢(shì)語(yǔ)言 3)Written language。m?n?l?ɡ]。其表達(dá)要領(lǐng)包括（1）音量大小適度；（2）語(yǔ)調(diào)高低有序；（3）語(yǔ)速快慢相宜；（4）停頓長(zhǎng)短合理。 2)Show concern for the tour leader and support his work。 4)Be flexible and active and grasp the initiative [i39。5)Try to gain the tourists? support and avoid conflict with the tour leader in a direct way. 為搞好與旅游團(tuán)領(lǐng)隊(duì)的關(guān)系，導(dǎo)游人員應(yīng)注意哪些問題？ 答：（1）尊重領(lǐng)隊(duì)，遇事與領(lǐng)隊(duì)多磋商；（2）關(guān)心領(lǐng)隊(duì)，零落了其他游客；（3）多給領(lǐng)隊(duì)榮譽(yù)，調(diào)動(dòng)領(lǐng)隊(duì)的積極性；（4）靈活應(yīng)對(duì)，掌握工作主動(dòng)權(quán)；（5）爭(zhēng)取游客支持，避免與領(lǐng)隊(duì)正面沖突。 2)Stand at the eye catching place。2)Make sure that no luggage has been lost or leave the luggage to the porter and have the luggage sent to the hotel。(fill in the forms。3)Note down the room numbers of the tour escort and the national guide。5)Arrange morning call for the tourists and tell the bellboy to deliver the luggage to their rooms。t?n?,reri:,]行程 in detail with the tour escort.  should a tour guide do after the tour group arrives at the airport or railway station before departure?在游客抵達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)或火車站后離開前，導(dǎo)游員應(yīng)該做什么？ 1)Get in contact with the porter soon after arrival。3)Remind the tourists to pay the airport construction fee or airport tax。 2)Answer their questions patiently。5)Don?t hurry them up during the tour。 should a tour guide do when taking disabled or handicapped tourists? 在接待殘疾游客時(shí)，導(dǎo)游員應(yīng)該注意哪些問題？1)Make careful preparations for the disabled instance, prepare a wheelchair。and go inside the Arrival Hall of the airport to meet them if necessary。 3)Arrange the dining hall on the first floor。5)Try to let the blind tourists touch the things wherever possible. should a tour guide do when he takes a religious group? 在接待宗教旅游團(tuán)體時(shí)，導(dǎo)游員應(yīng)該注意哪些問題？1)Carefully study the religious policy of our country。2)Express that you cherish the cordial熱誠(chéng)的 friendship with them and tell them that you are going to miss them after departure, and let them know that having been their tour guide is a memorable experience that you will remember forever。4)Take this opportunity to express your apology for anything unsatisfactory during their stay。2)With the document from the travel service, passport and group visa, he/she has to go to the local Authorized Public Security Bureau and go through some formalities for separating his/her visa from the group visa and extending his/her visa。2)For those plicated places and dangerous places。 ?t have a boat ride on his/her own。?t go to those plicated places, dangerous places as well as those areas off limits（禁止進(jìn)入的）for foreigners. should a guide do to prevent tourists from getting lost during sightseeing? 1)Spare no efforts to keep reminding the tourists to take the hotel card with them if they leave the hotel on their own。remember the parking lot。3)Keep counting the tourists whenever you move to another scenic spot, just to make sure that no one is missing。5)Put more efforts on good language and wide guiding in the scenic spot should be vivid and interesting enough to attract the tourists? ？ 答（1）做好提醒工作；（2）做好各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的安排和預(yù)報(bào)；（3）時(shí)刻和游客在一起，經(jīng)常清點(diǎn)人數(shù)；（4）地陪、全陪和領(lǐng)隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)密切配合，做好旅游團(tuán)的斷后工作；（5）導(dǎo)游又要以高超的導(dǎo)游技巧和豐富的講解內(nèi)容吸引游客。semineit]傳播 the culture。the steady（穩(wěn)重的）style。?r?t?b?l]（急燥的）style。mel?nk?li]（憂郁的） which aspects should the tour guide instruct the tourist correctly to view the scenery and enjoy the beauty? 1)Transmitting the correct aesthetic[i:s39。2)Analyzing the tourist?s aesthetic appreciation feeling。4)Grasping flexibly the method to view the scenery and enjoy the ？ 答：（1）傳遞正確的審美信息；（2）分析游客的審美感受；（3）激發(fā)游客的想象思維；(4)靈活掌握觀景賞美的方法。2)The movement of vision。4)The unification統(tǒng)一 of vision and ？運(yùn)用目光的方法有哪些？答：導(dǎo)游員的目光由瞳孔變化、目光接觸的長(zhǎng)度和目光接觸的向度組成。?s the method of stressing the main points? Which aspects does the tour guide generally have to highlight when he explains? A: The method of stressing the main points refers to stress the knowledge of some aspect and not to stress all things when the tour guide : When the tour guide explains, generally he must stress the following aspects: 1)The unique points of the scenic spot。3)The content the tourist is interested in。導(dǎo)游講解時(shí)一般要：（1）突出景點(diǎn)的獨(dú)特之處；（2）突出具有代表性的景觀；（3）突出游客感興趣的內(nèi)容；（4）突出“……..之最”。2)The tour guide hasn?t arrived at the meeting place ahead of time according to the ruled time。4)The tour guide hasn?t checked the modified flight timetable。?s the difference between the formal guide certificate 正式導(dǎo)游證and the temporary guide certificate臨時(shí)導(dǎo)游證? 1)The prerequisite[pri:39。while the temporary guide certificate must be applied by the travel agency according to its )The terms of validity [v?l?d?t?]（有效期）are term of validity of the formal guide certificate is three years and the tour guide may apply for changing a ne