【正文】 者，無窮如天地，不竭如江海。死而更生，四時(shí)是也。 In battle， there are not more than two methods of attack——the direct and the indirect； yet these two in bination give rise to an endless series of maneuvers. 奇正相生，如循環(huán)之無端，孰能窮之哉！ The direct and the indirect lead on to each other in turn. It is like moving in a circle——you never e to an end. Who can exhaust the possibilities of their bination？ 激水之疾 ， 至于漂石者 ， 勢也 ； The onset of troops is like the rush of a torrent which will even roll stones along in its course. 鷙鳥之疾，至于毀折者，節(jié)也。 Therefore the good fighter will be terrible in his onset， and prompt in his decision. 勢如擴(kuò)弩 ， 節(jié)如發(fā)機(jī)。 Amid the turmoil and tumult of battle， there may be seeming disorder and yet no real disorder at all； amid confusion and chaos， your array may be without head or tail， yet it will be proof against defeat. 亂生于治，怯生于勇，弱生于強(qiáng)。 Hiding order beneath the cloak of disorder is simply a question of subdivision； concealing courage under a show of timidity presupposes a fund of latent energy； masking strength with weakness is to be effected by tactical dispositions. 故善動敵者，形之，敵 必從之；予之，敵必取之。 By holding out baits， he keeps him on the march； then with a body of picked men he lies in wait for him. 故善戰(zhàn)者，求之于勢，不責(zé)于人故能擇人而任勢。木石之性，安則靜，危則動，方則止，圓則行。 Thus the energy developed by good fighting men is as the momentum of a round stone rolled down a mountain thousands of feet in height. So much on the subject of energy. 虛實(shí)第六 VI. Weak Points and Strong 孫子曰 ： 凡先處戰(zhàn)地而待敵者佚 ， 后處戰(zhàn)地而趨戰(zhàn)者勞。 Therefore the clever batant imposes his will on the enemy， but does not allow the enemy39。 By holding out advantages to him， he can cause the enemy to approach of his own accord； or， by inflicting damage， he can make it impossible for the enemy to draw near. 故敵佚能勞之，飽能饑之，安能動之。 Appear at points which the enemy must hasten to defend； march swiftly to places where you are not expected. 行千里而不勞者，行于無人之地也； An army may march great distances without distress， if it marches through country where the enemy is not. 攻而必取者 ， 攻其所不守也。 You can be sure of succeeding in your attacks if you only attack places which are undefended. You can ensure the safety of your defense if you only hold positions that cannot be attacked. 故善攻者，敵不知其所守；善守者，敵不知其所攻。 O divine art of subtlety and secrecy！ Through you we learn to be invisible， through you inaudible； and hence we can hold the enemy39。 You may advance and be absolutely irresistible， if you make for the enemy39。 If we do not wish to fight， we can prevent the enemy from engaging us even though the lines of our encampment be merely traced out on the ground. All we need do is to throw something odd and unaccountable in his way. 故形人而我無形，則我專而敵分。s dispositions and remaining invisible ourselves， we can keep our forces concentrated， while the enemy39。 We can form a single united body， while the enemy must split up into fractions. Hence there will be a whole pitted against separate parts of a whole， which means that we shall be many to the enemy39。 And if we are able thus to attack an inferior force with a superior one， our opponents will be in dire straits. 吾所與戰(zhàn)之地不可知，不 可知則敵所備者多，敵所備者多，則吾所與戰(zhàn)者寡矣。 For should the enemy strengthen his van， he will weaken his rear； should he strengthen his rear， he will weaken his van； should he strengthen his left， he will weaken his right； should he strengthen his right， he will weaken his left. If he sends reinforcements everywhere， he will everywhere be weak. 寡者，備人者也；眾者，使人備己者也。 Though according to my estimate the soldiers of Yueh exceed our own in number， that shall advantage them nothing in the matter of victory. I say then that victory can be achieved. 敵雖眾 ， 可使無斗。 Carefully pare the opposing army with your own， so that you may know where strength is superabundant and where it is deficient. 故形兵之極，至于無形。 In making tactical dispositions， the highest pitch you can attain is to conceal them； conceal your dispositions， and you will be safe from the prying of the subtlest spies， from the machinations of the wisest brains. 因形而措 勝于眾，眾不能知。s own tactics——that is what the multitude cannot prehend. 人皆知我所以勝之形 ， 而莫知吾所以制勝之形。 Do not repeat the tactics which have gained you one victory， but let your methods be regulated by the infinite variety of circumstances. 夫兵形象水，水之行避高而趨下， Military tactics are like unto water； for water in its natural course runs away from high places and hastens downwards. 兵之形避實(shí)而擊虛 ； So in war， the way is to avoid what is strong and to strike at what is weak. 水因地而制流，兵因敵而制勝。 Therefore， just as water retains no constant shape， so in warfare there are no constant conditions. 能因敵變化而取勝者，謂之神。 The five elements （ water， fire， wood， metal， earth） are not always equally predominant； the four seasons make way for each other in turn. There are short days and long； the moon has its periods of waning and waxing. 軍爭第七 VII. Maneuvering 孫子曰 ： 凡用兵之法 ， 將受命于君 ， Sun Tzu said： In war， the general receives his mands from the sovereign. 合軍聚眾 ， 交和而舍 ， Having collected an army and concentrated his forces， he must blend and harmonize the different elements thereof before pitching his camp. 莫難于軍爭。 After that， es tactical maneuvering， than which there is nothing more difficult. The difficulty of tactical maneuvering consists in turning the devious into the direct， and misfortune into gain. 故迂其途，而誘之以利，后人發(fā)，先人至，此知迂直之計(jì)者也。 Maneuvering with an army is advantageous； with an undisciplined multitude， most dangerous. 舉軍而爭利則不及，委軍而爭利則輜重捐。 If you march thirty LI with the same object， twothirds of your army will arrive. 是故軍無輜重則亡，無 糧食則亡，無委積則亡。 We shall be unable to turn natural advantage to account unless we make use of local guides. 故兵以詐立 ， 以利動 ， In war， practice dissimulation， and you will succeed. 以分和為變者也。 Let your plans be dark and imperable as night， and