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oing the experiment. A. had not given。 succeed C. will not give。 will succeed. 答案 B. 在時間,條件或讓步主語從句中一般不用將來時。主句用將來時,故選 B. 此處用一般過去式代替了過去將來時。 The museum opens at ten 10 點開門。 ) 一般現(xiàn)在時代替過去時 1 )書上說 , 報紙上說 等。s going to be cold tomorrow. 報紙上說明天會很冷的。 Napoleon39。 Are you staying with us this weekend? 這周和我們一起度周末嗎 ? We are leaving 。 He is dying. 時態(tài)一致 1) 如果從句所敘述的為真理或不變的事實,則永遠用現(xiàn)在時。 He thought that I need not tell you the truth. 時態(tài)與時間狀語 時間狀語 一般現(xiàn)在時 every …, sometimes,at …, on Sunday, 一般過去時 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 一般將來時 next…, tomorrow, in+ 時間 , 現(xiàn)在完成時 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always, recently 過去完成時 before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 過去進行時 this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening… when, while 8 將來進行時 soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening 動詞的語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 被動語態(tài)由 “助動詞 be+及物動詞的過去分詞 ”構(gòu)成。現(xiàn)以 teach 為例說明 被動語態(tài) 在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。 注意:區(qū)分被動語態(tài)與 “be+過去分詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu) be+過去分詞 ”并不一定都是被動語態(tài),有時是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 be 后面的過去分詞是表語,相當(dāng)于形容詞。例如 :The glass is 。 (被動語態(tài) ) 2 如果句中有地點、頻率或時間狀語時,一般為被動語態(tài)。 (被動語態(tài) )The door is 。 (被動語態(tài) )The shop is 。 (被動語態(tài) ) 3 被動語態(tài)除用于一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)外,還可以用于其他各種時態(tài),而系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的系動詞 be 只有一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)。例如: 1) Some new puters were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚 被盜了。 2 強調(diào)動作的承受者,而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。 9 2) Eight hours per day for sleep must be 8 小時睡眠必須得到保證。 四 、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) 含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時,由 “情態(tài)動詞+ be+過去分詞 ”構(gòu)成,原來帶 to 的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài) 后 “to”仍要保留。例如: 1) We can repair this watch in two days. = This watch can be repaired in two days. 2) You ought to take it away. = It ought to be taken away. 3) They should do it at once. = It should be done at once 注意: 1)感官動詞主動語態(tài)的賓語補足語是不帶 to 的不定式,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,該不定式前要加 \to\。 I was made to go out of the classroom ( by the teacher) . We saw him play football on the playground. 我們看見他在草場踢球。例如: Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. 煤可以產(chǎn)生工農(nóng)業(yè)需要的電。例如: They let the strange 。例如: The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital. 那護士讓我去探望住院的同學(xué)。例如: My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. 我妹妹由奶奶照顧。 表示 \據(jù)說 \或 \相信 \ 的詞組,基本上由 believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand 等組成。 例如: After the fire, very little remained of my house. 大火過后,我家燒得所剩無幾。 10 (錯) The price has been risen. (對) The price has risen. (錯) The accident was happened last week. 對) The accident happened last week. (錯) The price has raised. (對) The price has been raised. (錯) Please seat. (對) Please be seated. 要想正確地使用 被動語態(tài) ,就須注意哪些動詞是及物的,哪些是不及物的。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。例如: This key just fits the lock. 這把鑰匙只配這把鎖。 3) 系動詞無被動語態(tài),如 appear, be bee, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn 等。 4) 帶同源賓語的及物動詞如 die/death, dream/dream, live/life 等,以及反身代詞,相互代詞,不能用于被動語態(tài)。 5) 當(dāng)賓語是不定式時,很少用于 被動語態(tài) 。例如: The book sells well. 這本書銷路好。 2) blame, let(出租) , remain, keep, rent, build 等。 Much work remains. 還有許多活要干。例如: The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 門該修了 。 4)特殊結(jié)構(gòu): make sb. heard / understood (使別人能聽見 /理解自己)等。 被動形式表示主動意義,如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated ( from) , be prepared ( for) , be occupied ( in) , get married 等。 注意:表示同某人結(jié)婚,用 marry sb. 或 get married to 。 He got married to a rich girl. / need/want/require/worth 當(dāng) need, want, require, be worth 后面接 doing 時,表示的是被動意義。 The floor requires washing. 地板需要沖洗。ll have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned 答案 A. need (實意 ) +n /to do, need (情態(tài)) + do,當(dāng)為被動語態(tài)時,還可 need + doing. 本題考最后一種用法,選 A。 薄螃膄膇薄羆羇蒅薃蚅衿莁薂螈肅芇薁袀袈膃薀薀肅聿蠆螞袆莈蚈螄肁芄蚈袆襖芀蚇蚆膀膆蚆螈羂蒄蚅袁膈莀蚄羃羈芆蚃蚃膆膂莀螅罿肈荿袇膅莇莈薇羇莃莇蝿芃艿莆袂肆膅蒞羄袈蒃蒞蚄肄荿莄螆袇芅蒃袈肂膁蒂薈裊肇蒁蝕肁蒆蒀袂袃莂葿羅腿羋葿蚄羂膄蒈螇膇肀蕆衿羀荿薆蕿?zāi)g芅薅 蟻羈膁薄螃膄膇薄羆羇蒅薃蚅衿莁薂螈肅芇薁袀袈膃薀薀肅聿蠆螞袆莈蚈螄肁芄 蚈袆襖芀蚇蚆膀膆蚆螈羂蒄蚅袁膈莀蚄羃羈芆蚃蚃膆膂莀螅罿肈荿袇膅莇莈薇羇莃莇蝿芃艿莆袂肆膅蒞羄袈蒃蒞蚄肄荿莄螆袇芅蒃袈肂膁蒂薈裊肇蒁蝕肁蒆蒀袂袃莂葿羅腿羋葿蚄羂膄蒈螇膇肀蕆衿羀荿薆蕿?zāi)g芅薅蟻羈膁薄螃膄膇薄羆羇蒅薃蚅衿莁薂螈肅芇薁袀袈膃薀薀肅聿蠆螞袆莈蚈 螄肁芄蚈袆襖芀蚇蚆膀膆蚆螈羂蒄蚅袁膈莀蚄羃羈芆蚃蚃膆膂莀螅罿肈荿袇膅莇莈薇羇莃莇蝿芃艿莆袂肆膅蒞羄袈蒃蒞蚄