【正文】 in terms of recording date, 60 years is considered to be a full time Chinese era chronology was first invented in ancient times and is still in use to the chronology of the “ten Heavenly Stems,” 2011 is the year of “the seventh of the ten Heavenly Stems” and “ the fifth of the twelve Earthly Branches”.十一、京劇被譽(yù)為“東方歌劇”，是地道的中國國粹。到了19世紀(jì)末，京劇形成并成為中國最大的戲曲劇種。角色主要分生（男性）、旦（女性）、凈（男性）、丑（男性女性皆有）四大行當(dāng)。創(chuàng)始人是春秋末期的哲學(xué)家、思想家老子。道教主張“重人貴生”。“道可道，非常道。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。Chinese Taoism Taoism first originated in founder of Taoism is Laozi, a philosopher and thinker who lived in the late Spring and Autumn Period(770BC476BC).Tao Te Ching whose authorship has been attributed to Laozi, is considered to be the main Taoist advocates the value of a human being’s life, remends the discarding of all desires and worries from one’s mind, and encourages the cultivation of moral character and the nourishment of human following is an example of Laozi’s golden saying: The way that can be told of is not an unvarying way。the named is but the mother that rears the ten thousand creatures, each after its , only he that rids himself forever of desire can see the secret essences?！俺烧Z”中的“成”既是約定俗成。絕大多數(shù)的中國成語由四個(gè)漢字組成，例如：自強(qiáng)不息、青出于藍(lán)、厚積薄發(fā)。Chinese idioms refer to prehensive and integrated fixed phrases and are established and accepted by constant usage and mon idiom is a language unit that is larger than a word, but has the same grammatical function as a Chinese idioms consist of four example, ziqiangbuxi(make unremitting efforts to improve oneself), qingchuyulan(bluer than indigo), and houjibofa(success es with time and effort).Idioms are extrated from folk proverbs, ancient works of literature, poems, fables, allusions, and wellknown are a part of the Chinese language that are concise and have great 、中國是絲綢的故鄉(xiāng)。商周時(shí)期絲綢的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)就已發(fā)展到相當(dāng)高的水平。從此中國的絲綢以其卓越的品質(zhì)、精美的花色和豐富的文化內(nèi)涵聞名于世，成為中國文化的象征。China is the home of planting, sericulture, silk reeling and thickening are all great inventions of the ancient early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties(1600BC256BC), the Chinese people’s silkweaving techniques had reached an extremely high the Western Han Dynasty(206BC25AD), Zhang Qian, an outstanding diplomat, travelled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sinoforeign trade, exchange and then on, China’s silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and abundant culture , Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental 、中國園林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等與自然地貌有機(jī)結(jié)合的環(huán)境藝術(shù)，是我國古代建筑藝術(shù)的珍寶。游賞中國古典園林，能充分領(lǐng)略“假自然之景，創(chuàng)山水真趣”的園林意境。The Chinese classical garden is a precious treasure of our ancient Chinese is a kind of environment art, which systematically bines artificial mountains and rivers, plants and buildings with the natural construction standard of a Chinese classical garden is “artificial as it is, the garden must look ingenious and natural.” When you go sightseeing in a Chinese classical garden, you should be able to appreciate its artistic concept which “makes use of the natural landscape to create the real fun of mountains and rivers for viewers.” Of the world’s three major garden systems, the Chinese classical garden is hailed as one of the origins of the world’s garden due to its long history and abundant 、筆墨紙硯是中國古代文人書房當(dāng)中必備的寶貝，被稱為“文房四寶”。秦時(shí)已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制筆；漢代以人工制墨替代了天然墨；有了紙張以后，簡牘錦帛逐失其用；硯臺則隨筆墨的使用而發(fā)展。可以說文房四寶書寫了整個(gè)中華文明。huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province。and duanyan, the ink stone made in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province(Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou).Indeed, the Four Treasures of the Study” have writtin the whole Chinese civilization, as it 、獅舞（Lion Dance）是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護(hù)人類。在唐代（theTang Dynasty），獅舞就已經(jīng)被引入了皇室。The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in lion is the king of Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, whichcan bring good people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the , performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and 、中國將進(jìn)一步發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、擴(kuò)大開放，這對海外企業(yè)（enterprises）意味著更多的商機(jī)。海外企業(yè)不僅幫助了中國企業(yè)的成長，而且也在合作中獲得了收益。China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored great enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but also benefited from the government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between Chinese and overseas 、假日經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)象表明：中國消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。同時(shí)，中國人的消費(fèi)觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經(jīng)濟(jì)中正變得成熟。另一方面，服務(wù)質(zhì)量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質(zhì)量的要求。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國家?guī)砹撕推胶头睒s。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to memorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and 、2013年6月20日在中國各地，劇估計(jì)60萬兒童和他們的老師觀看了有宇航員（astronaut）王亞平在距離地球300公里的上空所講授的科學(xué)課。她在課上進(jìn)行了一系列太空的物理演示。這堂物理課不僅讓孩子們享受了一堂知識與樂趣兼具的物理課，也顯示了我國通信科技的前進(jìn)。雖然上海的文化遺跡不能與北京媲美，但是上海迷人的城市風(fēng)貌，風(fēng)格各異的萬國建筑為這座城市注入了無限的魅力。漫步在這座日新月異的現(xiàn)代大都市里，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多精彩的歷史亮點(diǎn)，隱現(xiàn)在眾多摩天大樓背后的是上海發(fā)展變化的軌跡。Shanghai is a dynamic, diverse and stimulating citythe very epitome of modern Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cul