【正文】 rtant that, It is desirable that等；省略了if的虛擬倒裝句；在would rather, wish，as if，It is time that等句型中使用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M形式表達(dá)主觀愿望。答案：effective actions（should）be taken to prevent environmental pollution 2）時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換英語中一共有16個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，最常用的5個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。因此在翻譯時(shí)，考生首先要抓住的就是已知信息中的時(shí)間狀語，是現(xiàn)在時(shí)間、將來時(shí)間還是過去時(shí)間、是短暫時(shí)間還是延續(xù)性時(shí)間。哪些否定詞或者短語前置能引起倒裝句，部分倒裝和全部倒裝有何區(qū)別，as和so在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中的用法及意義等等，都是考生應(yīng)當(dāng)重視的地方。這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)都作狀語，不同的是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)有自己的邏輯主語，而非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)則需要考生判斷邏輯主語和非謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系，確定使用主動(dòng)語態(tài)或被動(dòng)語態(tài)。一部分具有生命意義的集合名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞多采用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如people，poultry，cattle, militia等；用and連接的成分表單一概念時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如bread and butter，knife and fork等。例如：It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes ___________________（是那里唯一有生命的物體）．答案：were the only living creatures there 6）強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“It is/was...that/who...”，考生務(wù)必明確強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分可以是句子中除了謂語以外的任何成分，要特別注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句與“not until”的連用。例如：______________________________________（有了這些措施），we can change our society into one in which natural resources will be fully cherished．答案：With these measures 此外，代詞和連接詞的使用、狀語從句以及名詞性從句和形容詞性從句的用法也是考生應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)的對象。在當(dāng)今世界上的190多個(gè)國家中，世界貿(mào)易組織的成員國(member country)有158個(gè)。世貿(mào)組織的事務(wù)應(yīng)該引起我們的關(guān)注，因?yàn)槭蕾Q(mào)組織制定的規(guī)則對我們國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和國民生活都有一定的影響。最初有記載的奧運(yùn)會(huì)于公元前776年在希臘的奧林匹亞(Olympia)舉行。2000年悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)上。然而，奧運(yùn)會(huì)的發(fā)展也是奧運(yùn)會(huì)面臨的一個(gè)大問題。小說以漢朝末年和三國時(shí)期的歷史演變?yōu)楸尘埃瑪⑹隽嗽谶@個(gè)動(dòng)蕩(turbulent)時(shí)期發(fā)生的一系列重大事情。小說篇幅長達(dá)80萬字，分為120個(gè)章節(jié)，共描述了1 191個(gè)人物角色，堪稱中國文學(xué)史上四大經(jīng)典小說之一。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服裝(costume)，他們的表演動(dòng)作有力而迅速。近年來，中國東北某些城市的老年人自發(fā)組織了秧歌隊(duì)，隊(duì)員常年通過跳秧歌舞來保持健康，同時(shí)他們也樂在其中。這反映出中國人喜歡團(tuán)圓、不愿分離的觀念——圓桌、圓盤、圓碗都象征著團(tuán)圓和美滿。一鍋熱湯尤其可以增加和諧、團(tuán)圓的氣氛。最近一位美國漢學(xué)家(Sinologist)的著作認(rèn)為，中國人的集體觀念(collective tradition)就是從一同吃飯發(fā)展而來的。變臉(Face Changing)是川劇中的一大亮點(diǎn)。川劇吸收了這一古老的技藝并將其升華為一門藝術(shù)。演員在不到20秒的時(shí)間內(nèi)要換十多次臉譜。Sichuan Opera(Chuan Ju), like hotpot and other famous Sichuan dishes, is exciting and Changing is the highlight of Sichuan is said that ancient people painted their faces to drive away wild Opera absorbs this ancient skill and perfects it into an Changing is a magical change more than 10 masks in less than 20 raising the hand, swinging a sleeve or tossing the head, an actor uses different masks to show different emotions, expressing invisible and intangible feelings through visible and tangible 長城作為世界上最偉大的奇觀之一，是古代中國在不同時(shí)期為抵御北方游牧民族（nomadic tribe）侵襲而修筑的規(guī)模浩大的軍事工程的統(tǒng)稱。距今已有2 000多年歷史的萬里長城很多地方已經(jīng)變成了廢墟，但是它仍然是世界上最具吸引力的地方。The Great Wall, one of the greatest wonders in the world, is the general name of a series of largescale military constructions during different periods in ancient China, hoped for the defense against the invasion of nomadic tribes from the like a gigantic dragon, the Great Wall stretches over 8 800 kilometers from east to west of a history of more than 2 000 years, many sections of the Great Wall have been in ruins , it is still one of the most appealing attractions all around the 1987, the Great Wall was listed as a World Cultural Heritage by 光棍節(jié)，又稱“雙十一”，最初是由大學(xué)生發(fā)起的單身人士的情人節(jié)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)從最初的慶祝單身變成了中國人的一個(gè)網(wǎng)購狂歡節(jié)。天貓()雙十一一天的銷售額從2009年的5 000萬飆升至2013年的350億。Singles Day, also named the Double 11 Day, which originated with college students as an alternative to Valentines Day for single people, now has transformed its original function as a day of celebration for the great unloved into a day of crazy online shopping for the Chinese the past six years, Singles Day has been taken advantage of by Chinese emerce giants by offering discounts and launching sales campaigns on that day to attract customers and boost sales at on Singles Day have snowballed from 50 million yuan in 2009 to 35 billion yuan in State Post Bureau said that thanks to adequate preparation, express deliveries were running on schedule despite the increase in 對于中國人來說，“面子”十分重要，它指的是一個(gè)人根源于自尊的名譽(yù)觀。因此，人們必須了解并遵守面子規(guī)則，如果違反就會(huì)受到嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。Face is immensely important for the can be defined as a notion of ones reputation rooted in self of the Chinese people believe that to have face is one of the most valued things, while to lose face is a cause of great , people are expected to know and abide by the rules of face and are penalized harshly if they break , sometimes a person could lose face not only because of his failure to match up to societys obligations on him, but also from the failure of others to act in accordance with his expectations of ，是中國傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶(gem)。為了更好地推廣武術(shù)，使其與奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目接軌，中國武協(xié)和國際武聯(lián)(the Chinese Wushu Association and the International Wushu Federation)做了艱苦卓絕的工作。With a long history in China, wushu is a gem of Chinese traditional we all know, the excellent cultural heritage of a nation doesnt belong to the nation alone but will be spread to the rest of the world gradually to be shared by all Chinese Wushu Association and the International Wushu Federation have been working very hard to popularize wushu and move it closer to the Olympic , wushu has been accepted as an Olympic demonstration event with the same status as bowling and international standard 旗袍(Qipao)是中國獨(dú)特的傳統(tǒng)服飾。后來一些漢族的女性對這種服飾進(jìn)行了改造，使它更加合身、性感。旗袍一般是由絲綢制成，領(lǐng)口、袖口和腋襟上都繡有精細(xì)的花邊。Qipao is a unique kind of traditional Chinese worn by Manchu women, Qipao fitted loosely and hung straight down the body with no then some Han Chinese ladies carried out some improvements on the design, making it more fitting and it came to the 1920s, Qipao became very popular among the girl students in is usually made of silk, and embroidered with delicate laces at the neckline, cuffs and embodies Chinese womens modesty, softness and (grotto)主要反映的是佛教文化藝術(shù)。佛教石窟隨山雕鑿、彩繪，形象生動(dòng)自然，將崇高美(sublimity)與世俗情(secular feeling)融為一體，把天然造化與人工創(chuàng)造有機(jī)結(jié)合，是由建筑、繪畫、雕塑等組成的博大精深、絢麗奪目的綜合藝術(shù)殿堂。Chinese grottoes mainly reflect the art of Buddhist China, there are four major art landscapes of grottoes: the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang, the Yungang Grottoes at Datong, the Longmen Grottoes at Luoyang, and the Maijishan Grottoes at and painted on mountains, the Buddhist grottoes mingle both sublimity and secular feelings together, presenting us a vivid and natural embody the systematic bination of both the exceptional artistry of great nature and the extremely fine craftsmanship of Chinese Buddhist grottoes are regarded as a profound and stunning general art gallery, displaying the art of architect