【正文】
要使用凈現(xiàn)值? 回收期法 折現(xiàn)回收期法 內(nèi)部收益率法 內(nèi)部收益率法存在的問題 盈利指數(shù) 資本預(yù)算實務(wù) 本章小結(jié) 為什么要使用凈現(xiàn)值?? 凈現(xiàn)值法( NPV)是資本預(yù)算和評價項目投資的最基本的方法? 凈現(xiàn)值 = 現(xiàn)值 成本? 接受凈現(xiàn)值為正的投資項目符合股東利益。0 1 2 3 4200 400 600 8001,凈現(xiàn)值 (NPV)法則?凈現(xiàn)值法則:接受凈現(xiàn)值大于 0的項目,拒絕凈現(xiàn)值為負的項目。? 3. 估計初始成本Example? A pany want to start a business of anic fertilizer for 8 years. ? It estimates the cash revenues will be $20,000 per year. ? Cash costs (including taxes) will be $14,000 per year. ? The plant, property, and equipment (PPE) will be worth $2,000 as salvage at the end.? The business needs $30,000 to launch.? Discount rate is 15% on new projects such as this one.? Is this a good investment?? If there are 1,000 shares of stock outstanding, what will be the effect on the price per share of taking this investment?Project Example Information?You are reviewing a new project and have estimated the following cash flows:? Year 0: CF = 165,000? Year 1: CF = 63,120。 ? Year 3: CF = 91,080。 回收期法? 舉例Calculating Payback?Here are the projected cash flows from a proposed investment:?The project costs $500. What is the payback period for the investment?Example?You are reviewing a new project and have estimated the following cash flows:? Year 0: CF = 165,000? Year 1: CF = 63,120。 ? Year 3: CF = 91,080。便于管理控制和業(yè)績考核?現(xiàn)金缺乏的公司,如果有很好的投資機會,利用回收期法還是比較合適的?對那些具有良好的發(fā)展前景卻難以進入資本市場的私人小企業(yè),可以采用回收期法?一旦決策的重要性增強,比如說公司遇到大型項目,凈現(xiàn)值法就會成為首選的資本預(yù)算方法 折現(xiàn)回收期法? 考慮時間價值因素的前提下,計算投資項目收回初始投資額的時間? 定義:? 考慮資金的時間價值 ,項目收回原始投資需要多長時間 ?? 對現(xiàn)金流進行折現(xiàn)后 ,也可以計算出凈現(xiàn)值 . 折現(xiàn)回收期法? 計算公式:? 特征:? 在回收期法的基礎(chǔ)上考慮了時間因素? 計算復(fù)雜,不實用? 雖然是動態(tài)指標(biāo),但仍然沒有考慮項目整個壽命期的現(xiàn)金流量? 是介于回收期法與凈現(xiàn)值法二者之間的一種折衷方法Example?You are reviewing a new project and have estimated the foll