【正文】 位置 Ann went to Oxford. Ann was at Oxford. Ann climbed onto the roof. Ann was on the roof. Ann jumped into the water. Ann was in the water. B) into和 onto常和表示移動的動詞 (walk, slide, swim)連用。 at the North Pole。 線： on the River Thames。 on the ceiling。 面積： in the world。 in a park。 in the bathroom。 on(面 )和 in（面積）作一比較，根據(jù)上下文，兩者可以有各種不同的含義： The frost made patterns on the window. A face appeared in the window/mirror. The players were practicing on the field. Cows were gazing in the field. She was sitting on the grass/ in the grass. in用于較大的地方： in Asia。 …. at和 in都可以用在表示城鎮(zhèn)，村莊的名詞前，但是兩者的著眼點不同。 off。 Ann drove away from home. The book fell off the shelf. Tom got out of the water. (4)相對位置： above。 on top of。 underneath。 below。 (5)空間： by。 with。 close to。 He was standing by/beside the door. [at the side of] He was killed by an inch. I left the keys with my wallet. [in the same place] Beside Mary there stood a young man.[ at the side of] Besides Mary there were several other students inn the hall.[ in addition to] She is intelligent. Besides, she is goodlooking. [adv. in addition to] She was sitting near (to) me. close to She was sitting nearer to/ nearest to /next to me. closer to/ closest to Her house is opposite (to) mine. [facing] (6)空間： around。 about。 We were sitting around /round the campfire. The spaceship is traveling around/ round the globe. about和 around“在某一范圍里”或“在 … 里面的不同部位”。 among。among將非分離的物體聯(lián)系起來 . The house stands between two farms. The house stands among farms. (8)相對的目的地 :over。 behind。 under。 through。 on the grass across the grass in the grass through the grass (11)定向路線移動 : up。 along。 around。 We walked up the hill and down the other side. 但在習慣用法中 , up和 down也用于指水平軸線 ,相當于along沿著的意思 . I walked up and down the platform. She walked up/down the street. along表示“從一端向另一端 (from one end towards the other)”或“在一條與 … 平行的線上（ in a line parallel with）” We walked along the street, just looking at people. I took my dog for a walk along the river. along與 across在水平軸線上相對立 Be careful when you walk across a street. around表示定向路線有拐角或弧度 They ran around the corner. towards表示“朝向 … 方向”（ in the direction of）的“實際的”或“隱含的”兩種意義 We walked towards the old farmhouse. The windows faces towards the south. Is this the bus to Oxford? She glanced over her shoulder. He spoke into the microphone. (12)方位： beyond。 past。 across。 past。 across和 through即表示方位，又和線、面、容積概念相結(jié)合 The village is past the bus stop./through the wood. up。 along。 (13)結(jié)果含義： from。 over。 [已經(jīng)到達目的地的狀態(tài) ] The horse jumped over the fence. The horse are over the fence. 這些詞可以和副詞 already。 at last。 At last we are out of the forest. When you’re past the next obstacle, you can relax. (14)遍及意義： over。 with over和 through具有遍及的意義，尤其是當他們與 all連用時 ： That child was running all over the flower borders. throughout的含義是 all through,唯有這個介詞主要表示“遍及” The epidemic(流行病 ) has spread throughout the country. all along。 也用來表示遍及 There were crowds all along the route. They put flowers all around the country. with在下列詞組中也表示具有遍及的意義 The ground was covered with snow. The garden was buzzing with bees. surrounded with。 paved with等 。 on。 by。 at . 。 at the weekend。 at breakfast time。 B) on用來指當作時間段看待的一天 on Monday。 on May the first。 c) in或 during表示比一天更長或更短的一段時間 in the evening。 in August。 in the months that followed。 on Saturday afternoon。 in the late afternoon。 e)指夜晚的一段時間時 ,用 in I woke up several times in the night. At night, I usually have the window open. [during the night] (2)將來時間的衡量： in 注意和副詞 ago的區(qū)分 a) We’ll meet in three months’ time./in three months from now. [in表示從現(xiàn)在起展望到將來與上述相同的一段時間。 during。 all through。 A) A: How did you camp(野營 ) in Scotland? B: We camped there for the summer. [all through, from the beginning to the end of the summer] (for the summer整個一個夏天 ) A: When did you camp in Scotland? B: We camped there in the summer.