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ar with many English learners. A. stands for B. stands against C. which is stood for D. which stands for 答案與解析: D 從句法分析看出 , 本題考查定語從句 , 排除了 A、 B兩項(xiàng) , 而 stand for作 “ 代表 ” 講時(shí)無被動(dòng)用法 。l?si?z]請?zhí)貏e注意 , 單復(fù)數(shù)只有一個(gè)字母之差 。山東濰坊 )Faced with a problem, you have to ________ it first and then try to find a solution. A. analyze B. resemble C. concentrate D. substitute 答案與解析: A 句意:面對困難 , 你得首先對它進(jìn)行分析(analyze), 然后試著找到解決的方案 。 7. arise , 出現(xiàn) Can you begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting? 我們是不是可以從討論上次會(huì)議所產(chǎn)生的問題開始 ? [詞語辨析 ] arise, rise與 raise ① arise是不及物動(dòng)詞 , 主要表示 “ 出現(xiàn) , 發(fā)生 , 呈現(xiàn) ” 等含義 。 ② rise也是不及物動(dòng)詞 , 意為 “ 升起 , 出現(xiàn);上漲;起身 ” 。 [解題警示 ] arise的過去式和過去分詞分別為 arose, arisen。 [預(yù)測題 ] ⑧ My difficulties have ________ as a result of the changeover to a new type of fuel. A. risen B. arisen C. raised D. arrived 答案: B [用 arise, rise或 raise的適當(dāng)形式填空 ] ⑨ Serious disagreements ________ between them. ⑩ The sun has not yet ________. landlord ________ my rent. aroserisen raised 8. blame , 歸咎于; ;責(zé)備 blame sb. for sth./doing sth. 因?yàn)槟呈仑?zé)備某人 /責(zé)備某人做了某事 blame sth. on be to blame (for)應(yīng) (為 ?? )承擔(dān)責(zé)任;該 (為 ?? )受責(zé)備 (此處不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài) ) accept/bear/take the blame for A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire. 一根亂扔的煙被指為引起這場火災(zāi)的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。s I who always take the blame for anything wrong. 不管出了什么事情 , 都由我負(fù)責(zé) 。負(fù)責(zé)安全的官員應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任 。 take place一般指按計(jì)劃發(fā)生 , 故排除 C項(xiàng) 。 9. attempt , 努力; , 企圖 attempt on...嘗試 (超過 ?? ), 努力 attempt to do attempt (做 )/嘗試某事物 attempted robbery未遂的搶劫 in an attempt to do make no attempt to do at the first attempt第一次嘗試 make an attempt on sb39。 They made no attempt to escape. 他們并沒有企圖逃跑 。 如不成功 , 就采取其他途徑; ③ manage to do “ 設(shè)法做某事 ” , 指做某事一定成功 。s death was not ________ to stop Hamas39。 carrying on B. expected。 to carry on D. expected。動(dòng)詞hope沒有 “ hope sb. to do sth.”用法,所以也沒有對應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語態(tài) “ be hoped to do sth.”,排除 A、 C兩項(xiàng),attempt(名詞或動(dòng)詞 )后接不定式 (attempt to do sth.),排除B項(xiàng)。 C項(xiàng) “ 努力 ” , 意為 “ 國家實(shí)行的最新刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的努力是卓有成效的 。 10. defend , 防御;辯解 defend...against/from...保護(hù) ?? 不受 ?? defend oneself自衛(wèi) They needed more troops to defend the border against possible attack. 他們需要更多的部隊(duì)來保衛(wèi)邊境地區(qū)免受可能的攻擊 。 ② protect指采取保護(hù)措施 , 使之不受傷害或損傷 , 常用于防御風(fēng)雨 、 寒冷 、 烈日 、 疾病或保護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì) 、 法律權(quán)益 。 [預(yù)測題 ] American people are wondering whether the newlyelected president and his administration will keep the nation safe and defend it ________ any terrorist attack in the future. A. to B. on C. against D. with 答案與解析: C 考查介詞 。 11. in favour of支持;贊同 in sb39。 Do me a favour and turn your TV down while my baby is asleep, will you? 勞駕 , 我寶寶在睡覺 , 把電視機(jī)音量調(diào)小點(diǎn)好嗎 ? [預(yù)測題 ] Most people are ________ bringing down the price of housing because it39。 12. pretend pretend to do pretend that...假裝 pretend+ ?? Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important. 普通人可以裝扮成富人和有地位的人 。 As you listen, pretend that you are a judge. 當(dāng)聽時(shí) , 假裝你就是法官 。 [預(yù)測題 ] Peter pretended ________ me when I passed the coffee shop. A. not to see B. having not see C. not see D. not seeing 答案: A 13. respect vt.amp。 14. advertise v. (為 ?? )做廣告 , 宣傳;登廣告 advertise for為征求 ?? 登廣告 advertiser n. 登廣告者 advertisement n. 廣告;公告;啟事;廣告活動(dòng);宣傳 be an advertisement for宣揚(yáng) ?? 的優(yōu)點(diǎn) advertising n. 廣告 (業(yè) ) Have you tried that new shampoo they39。re advertising for a new Sales Director. 我看到他們登廣告招聘新的銷售部主管 。 [解題警示 ] certain作形容詞 , 表示 “ 必定會(huì) ?? , 一定會(huì) ?? ” 時(shí) , 不置于名詞之前;表達(dá)說話者確信 。 ② a certain與 some同義 , 只作定語 , 修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) , 但是 a certain指知道而不刻意指出之事物 。 [預(yù)測題 ] The terrorists will only release their hostages on ________ conditions. A. some B. a certain C. certain D. any 答案: C [用 certain, a certain或 some填空 ] ________plants will not grow in this country. ________ Mr. Jones called while you were out. ________ person called on you yesterday. Certain A certain Some 16. consist of由 ?? 組成 consist in存在于 , 在于 make up 由 ?? 組成 be made up of 由 ?? 組成 [解題警示 ] consist of一般不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);只能用于主動(dòng)語態(tài) 。s country above everything ,________one39。 containing B. consists of。 including D. consists in。 第二個(gè)空中的 “ 包括 ” 是抽象的 , 而非具體器皿中包含的東西 , 因此用 include。 另外需要注意其他表示 “ 方式 , 方法 ” 的習(xí)慣搭配 , 如 in a . .. way , by means of... ,with...method, 均表示 “ 用 ?? 的方法 , 以 ?? 的方式 ” 之意 。其他幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的名詞和空格后面的介詞 to構(gòu)不成搭配。t matter what you do. 只要你高興 , 你干什么都行 。 [考試題 ] (北京東城區(qū) )After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for ________ an hour, thinking of her young and happy days. A. as long as B. as soon as C. as much as D. as many as 答案與解析: A 根據(jù)語意 “ 長達(dá)一小時(shí) ” 可知答案為 A,其他選項(xiàng)不符合題意 。 (鄭州質(zhì)量預(yù)測 )You will make some progress in your study of English ________ you keep more words in mind. A. as far as B. as soon as C. as long as D. as well as 答案與解析: C as far as直到 ?? 為止 , 根據(jù) ?? ; as soon as一 ?? 就 ?? ; as long as只要 , 如果; as well as也 , 又;與 ?? 一樣好 。 19. ahead ahead of 在 …… 前面;早于;優(yōu)先 look ahead為未來著想或打算;未雨綢繆 go ahead(with)進(jìn)行;開始;往下說;用吧;干吧 get ahead of勝過;超過 be ahead of 占優(yōu)勢 ahead of time 提前 [考試題 ] (重慶聯(lián)考 )—Can you keep an eye on my bag, please? I want to use the bathroom. —________It39。ll be safe with me暗示答話人同意幫對方照看行李 。 句 型 剖 析 1. It is going to be remembered as a historical meeting this year, as the topic of Africa will be discussed in 的會(huì)議將作為一歷史性的會(huì)議留在人們的記憶中 , 因?yàn)榉侵迒栴}將是本屆會(huì)議詳細(xì)討論的問題 。 句中第二個(gè) as是從屬連詞 ,意為 “ 因?yàn)?, 由于 ” , 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句 , 可以放在主句前或后 , 表示的理由沒有 because那么強(qiáng) , 不能用來回答why的提問或被強(qiáng)調(diào) 。 As the sun began to set, he searched for a light and found it. 隨著太陽西下 , 他開始尋找燈并找到了一盞 。 Strange as it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 雖然他的主意聽起來很奇怪 , 但參加本次會(huì)議的所有人卻都同意 。 ④ as引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句 , 意為 “ 如 ?? , 像 ?? ” 。 ⑥ as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 , as指代整個(gè)主句 , 意為 “ 這一點(diǎn) ” 。 ⑦ as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句 , 先行詞一般常被 such, the same等修飾 , as在從句中充當(dāng)主語或賓語 。 [考試題 ] ① (成都外國語學(xué)校 )Many Olympic athletes hold that the most important thing is not to