【正文】 , he has read several hundreds of books, including novels, biographies and travel notes. He realizes that books can not only reveal to him the vista of a hopeful future and help him withstand stresses and strains, they can also help him clear up some misconceptions and discover the true meaning of the life.Unit31. Sometimes the hemline indicator, as it’s called, can even precede and predict a change in the mood of the stock market long before it actually happens. In September 2007, at the New York fashion shows, which were displaying their styles for spring 2008, the trend was for much longer dresses and skirts, many to midcalf or even down to the ankles. Some people felt this showed that the hemline indicator was no longer reliable, and that designers no longer dictated what people would wear. During the London and New York fashion shows in September 2008, hemlines continued to drop. But sure enough, in the fall of 2008, the stock market indexes fell dramatically when the banking crisis hit the US, Europe and then the rest of the world. Hemlines were no longer following the stock market – they were showing the way and indicating future economic trends. 有時候，所謂的裙擺標志甚至能夠預示股市的行情。有人覺得這表明裙擺標志靠不住了，服裝設計師已經喪失了對時裝的主宰權。果然，2008年秋天金融危機襲擊歐美，并波及全球，股指急劇下跌。2. 一個人的穿著似乎能影響他的行為方式。倘若在學生著裝整齊劃一和行為的統(tǒng)一規(guī)范之間不存在一種象征性關聯的話，校服便不可能如此盛行。為了彌補這種損失，學生常常會在周末穿流行的休閑裝?？上н@樣的好景不會太長，經過一段相對短暫的自由之后，他們在畢業(yè)工作之后將再次經歷著裝規(guī)范的壓力。 there is no doubt that。 correlation。 ubiquitous。 anarchy。 revive). What you wear seems to dictate the kind of person you are supposed to be. Take primary school and high school students for example. One of the hard and fast rules they have to observe is that they must wear uniforms at school. There is no doubt that school uniforms would not have achieved their currency without a symbolic correlation between the uniformity of clothes and the students’ conformity to some mon code of conduct.However, after years of school life, there is always a backlash secretly nursed in the students’ mind against the ubiquitous uniform which suppresses the expression of individuality. To pensate for this loss, students try to hunt for more casual and popular clothes and wear them on weekends. It is not until they start university, however, that they can really enjoy the freedom of dress, an anarchy associated with the cultivation of creativity and the encouragement of the free expression of ideas and talents. But this situation won’t obtain for long. After a relatively short time of liberty, they may experience again the revived pressure of dress code as soon as they bee professionals.Unit41. Today, while most of us marry for romantic reasons, marriage at its core is still a financial union. So much of what we want – or don’t want – out of life boils down to dollars and cents, whether it’s how hard we choose to work, how much we consume or how much we save. For some people, it’s working 80hour weeks to finance a third home and country club membership。適當調整原文某些句子的語序以使譯文更通順。不管是工作的努力程度，還是決定消費多少或儲蓄多少，我們生活中想要得到的或不想得到的許多東西歸根結底都跟錢有關。 “關于錢的許多爭論是提示我們想如何生活的密碼，而生活方式的許多選擇則與如何花錢密切相關。史蒂文森如是說，他研究婚姻和離婚經濟學。當然，如果夫妻雙方一開始就在錢的問題上看法相似，或者至少能夠在錢的問題上互相妥協，那么事情就好辦多了。為了活躍校園生活，大學愿意劃撥一部分資金來資助學生社團活動，但由于今年學校的預算大幅減少，對社團的資助也相應縮減了不少。有人主張招募更多會員，因為會員費的增加可以幫助他們度過難關。但是，問題的關鍵在于社團活動的費用與參加活動的人數是成正比的，因此這種方法恐怕不太可行。(when it es to。 pare down。 bottom line。 pool。第二段是一個長句，翻譯時應注意按中文習慣斷句?，F在大多數的申請表會給出四種稱謂選擇。女人則必須從三種稱謂中選一個，而任何一種都是標記性的。如果她選擇“女士”（Ms.）這一稱謂，那么說明她拒絕透露自己的婚姻狀況（而男士選“先生”這個稱謂時則沒有故意隱瞞任何事情，因為本來就沒有要求他透露婚姻信息）。我有時會選擇“博士”頭銜，以避開這幾種帶標記的稱謂選項。2. 我們對理想丈夫或理想妻子的假設顯示出我們的性別期待以及我們對性別期待的反應。如果他們的做法與性別期待背道而馳，那么他們很可能會在悲嘆自己的光棍生涯中度過下半輩子。深入研究一下這種性別期待，我們就會發(fā)現這是受生理和社會因素制約的。男人只有努力掙錢養(yǎng)家，才能讓一家人過上好日子。 option。 bemoan。 to be prone to。 goes without saying)Our presumptions about what ideal husbands or wives are like reveal a lot about our gender expectations as well as our responses to them. If most girls want their fianc233。es to be caring, patient and faithful more than anything else, girls are prone to let on that they will bee faithful wives and loving mothers even if they are not the type.Looking into such gender expectations, we may find that they are based on both physiological and social factors. It goes without saying that women are physically prepared to bear children, whereas men are utterly unfit for the job. Therefore, a family is betteroff when its male members devote their time to providing food and other necessities for it.Unit61. The historian is not required to have the special skills which enable the expert to determine the origin and period of a fragment of pottery or marble, to decipher an obscure inscription, or to make the elaborateastronomical calculations necessary to establish a precise date. These socalled basic facts which are thesame for all historians monly belong to the category of the raw materials of the historian rather thanof history itself. The second observation is that the necessity to establish these basic facts rests not on anyquality in the facts themselves, but on a priori decision of the historian. In spite of C. P. Scott’s motto,every journalist knows today that the most effective way to influence opinion is by the selection andarrangement of the appropriate facts. It used to be said that facts speak for themselves. This is, of course,untrue. The facts speak only when the historian calls on them: It is he who decides to which facts to givethe floor, and in what order or context. It was, I think, one of Pirandello’s characters who said that a factis like a sack – it won’t stand up till you’ve put something in it. The only reason why we are interestedto know that the battle was fought at Hastings in 1066 is that historians regard it as a major historicalevent. It is the historian who has decided for his own reasons that Caesar’s crossing of that petty stream,the Rubicon, is a fact of history, whereas the crossing of the Rubicon by millions of other people beforeor since interest