【正文】 or other movables are exposed to maritime perils. Such property is in the Act referred to as “insurable property.” (b) The earning or acquisition of any freight, passage money, mission, profit or other pecuniary benefit, or the security for any advances, loans or disbursements, is endangered by the exposure of insurance property to maritime perils. (c) Any liability to a third party may be incurred by the owner of, or other person interested in or responsible for, insurable property, by reason of maritime perils. 3(1) 受本法規(guī)定的制約，每一合法的海上冒險(xiǎn)得為海上保險(xiǎn)合同的標(biāo)的。此種財(cái)產(chǎn)在本法中被稱為“可保財(cái)產(chǎn)”。 （c）保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有人或其他對(duì)其有利益或有責(zé)任的當(dāng)事人由于海上風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因?qū)Φ谌疆a(chǎn)生的任何責(zé)任。 or (b) Where the policy is made “interest or no interest” or “without further proof of interest than the policy itself”, or “without benefit of salvage to the insurer”, or subject to any other like term. Provided that, where there is no possibility of salvage, a policy may be effected without benefit of salvage to the insurer. 4．（1）用作賭博的海上保險(xiǎn)合同無效。但是，如無救助的可能，保險(xiǎn)單可以按保險(xiǎn)人無救助利益的條件簽訂。 （2）一個(gè)人與海上冒險(xiǎn)有利益關(guān)系，尤其是在他與該冒險(xiǎn)或處在危險(xiǎn)中的任何保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)，具有任何法律上或衡平的關(guān)系，因而若保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)安全或及時(shí)抵達(dá)他便能從中獲取利益；反之，如果保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)滅失，損壞，或被滯留或招致有關(guān)責(zé)任，他的利益將受到損害。 （2）如果被保險(xiǎn)人在滅損當(dāng)時(shí)不具有利益，他不能在他知曉該滅損后，通過任何行為或選擇而獲取利益。 （2）特別是，如貨物買方已將該批貨物保險(xiǎn)，他就對(duì)該批貨物具有保險(xiǎn)利益，盡管由于賣方交貨延誤或其他原因，致使被保險(xiǎn)人可能選擇拒收貨物，或?qū)⒇浳镆曌髻u方風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 第9條 再保險(xiǎn)（Reinsurance） 9(1) The insurer under a contract of marine insurance has an insurable interest in his risk, and may reinsure in respect of it. (2) Unless the policy otherwise provides, the original assured has no right or interest in respect of such reinsurance. 9．（1）海上保險(xiǎn)合同中的保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)其承保的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有保險(xiǎn)利益，并可將有關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)再保險(xiǎn)。 第10條 （以船、貨為抵押物的）抵押貸款（Bottomry） 10. The lender of money on bottomry or respeondentia has an insurable interest in respect of the loan. 10．以船、貨為抵押物的貸款方對(duì)其貸款有保險(xiǎn)利益。 第12條 預(yù)付運(yùn)費(fèi)（Advance freight） 12. In the case of advance freight, the person advancing the freight has an insurable interest, in so for as much freight is not repayable in case of loss. 12．預(yù)付運(yùn)費(fèi)的人對(duì)在損失后不能收回的預(yù)付運(yùn)費(fèi)有保險(xiǎn)利益。 第14條 利益數(shù)額（Quantum of interest） 14.(1) Where the subjectmatter insured is mortgaged, the mortgagor has an insurable interest in the full value thereof, and the mortgagee has an insurable interest in respect of any sum due or to bee due under the mortgage. (2) A mortgagee, consignee, or other person having an interest in the subjectmatter insured may insure on behalf and for the benefit of other persons interested as well as for his own benefit. (3) The owner of insurable property has an insurable interest in respect of the full value thereof, notwithstanding that some third person may have agreed, or be liable, to indemnify him in case of loss. 14．（1）在保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的被抵押之場(chǎng)合，抵押人對(duì)抵押物的全部?jī)r(jià)值有保險(xiǎn)利益，而抵押權(quán)人對(duì)抵押貸款合同下其所付的或應(yīng)付的有關(guān)金額有保險(xiǎn)利益。 （3）盡管在發(fā)生損失的情況下，某些第三者可能已同意或有義務(wù)賠償其損失，保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有人對(duì)其財(cái)產(chǎn)的全部?jī)r(jià)值有保險(xiǎn)利益。 但本條規(guī)定不影響因?qū)嵤┓啥l(fā)生的利益轉(zhuǎn)讓。 對(duì)蒸汽機(jī)船舶，船舶的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值還應(yīng)包括機(jī)器、鍋爐、被保險(xiǎn)人擁有的燃料煤和機(jī)艙物料，而如果船舶用于特殊貿(mào)易，則還需包括適合該貿(mào)易的通常裝備。 （3）在貨物或商品保險(xiǎn)中，保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值是該保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)的成本價(jià)格，加上海運(yùn)費(fèi)和與海運(yùn)有關(guān)的費(fèi)用，及全部海運(yùn)過程中的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用。 告知和陳述（Disclosure and Representation） 第17條 保險(xiǎn)是最大誠信（Insurance is uberrimae fidei） 17．A contract of marine insurance is a contract based upon the utmost good faith and, if the utmost good faith be not observed by either party, the contract may be avoided by the other party. 17．海上保險(xiǎn)合同是建立在最大誠信基礎(chǔ)上的合同，如果任何一方不遵守最大誠信，他方可以撤消該合同。 (b) Any circumstance which is known or presumed to be known to the insurer. The insurer is presumed to know matters of mon notoriety or knowledge, and matters which an insurer in the ordinary course of his business, as such, ought to know。 (d) Any circumstance which it is superfluous to disclose by reason of any express or implied warranty. (4) Whether any particular circumstance, which is not disclosed, be material or not is, in each case, a question of fact. (5) The term “circumstance” includes any munication made to, or information received by, the assured. 18.(1)根據(jù)本條的規(guī)定，在訂立合同前，被保險(xiǎn)人必須向保險(xiǎn)人告知其所知的一切重要情況。若被保險(xiǎn)人未作此種告知，保險(xiǎn)人可以撤消合同。 (3) 對(duì)下列情況如果保險(xiǎn)人未問及，被保險(xiǎn)人無需告知： (a) 減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的任何情況； (b) 保險(xiǎn)人知道或被認(rèn)為應(yīng)該知道的情況；保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)該知曉眾所周知的事情，以及他在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)該知曉的一般情況； (c) 保險(xiǎn)人不要求被保險(xiǎn)人告知的情況； (d) 由于明文或默示的保證條款，被保險(xiǎn)人無需告知的事項(xiàng)。 (5) “情況”一詞包括送給被保險(xiǎn)人的通知和其收到的消息。 and (b) Every material circumstance which the assured is bound to disclose, unless it came to his knowledge too late to municate it to the agent. ,除按前條各款規(guī)定無需告知的各有關(guān)事項(xiàng)外,該代理人必須向保險(xiǎn)人告知: (a) 他所知道的每一重要情況,保險(xiǎn)代理人視為知曉其在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)當(dāng)知曉或被保險(xiǎn)人已通知他的每一情況。 保險(xiǎn)單（The Policy） 第22條 合同必須包含在保險(xiǎn)單內(nèi)（Contract must be embodied in policy） 22. Subject to the provisions of any statute, a contract of marine insurance is inadmissible in evidence unless it is embodied in a marine policy in accordance with this Act. The policy may be executed and issued either at the time when the contract is concluded, or afterwards. 22．受任何法律規(guī)定的制約，海上保險(xiǎn)合同不能作為訴訟的證據(jù)，除非包含在符合本法的海上保險(xiǎn)單內(nèi)。 第23條 保險(xiǎn)單必須載明的事項(xiàng)（What policy must specify） 23. A marine policy must specify (1) The name of the assured, or of some person who effects the insurance on his behalf。 (3) The voyage, or period of time, or both, as the case may be, covered by the insurance。 (5) The name or names of the insurance. 23．海上保險(xiǎn)單必須載明下列事項(xiàng)： （1）被保險(xiǎn)人或代被保險(xiǎn)人投保的人的名稱； （2）保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的和承保險(xiǎn)別 （3）保險(xiǎn)承保的航程或期間，或同時(shí)承保航程和期間兩者，視情況而定 （4）保險(xiǎn)金額 （5）保險(xiǎn)人的名稱。 （2）在保險(xiǎn)單是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上認(rèn)可保險(xiǎn)份額的保險(xiǎn)人或其代表出具之情況下，除非另有明示相反約定，每一簽署構(gòu)成與被保險(xiǎn)人的獨(dú)立合同。同一保險(xiǎn)單可以同時(shí)承保航次和定期保險(xiǎn)的合同。譯者注） 第26條 指定標(biāo)的（Designation of subjectmatter） 26(1).The subjectmatter insured must be designated in a marine policy with reasonable certainty. (2) The nature and extent of the interest of the assured in the subjectmatter insured need not be specified in the policy. (3) Where the policy designates the subjectmatter insured in general terms ,it shall be construed to apply to the interest intended by the assured to be covered. (4) In the application of this section regard shall be had to any usage regulating the designation of the subjectmatter insured. 26（1）保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的必須在海上保險(xiǎn)單中合理確定地標(biāo)明。 （3）在保險(xiǎn)單用一般術(shù)語標(biāo)明保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的之場(chǎng)合，應(yīng)解釋為適用于被保險(xiǎn)人意圖投保的利益。 第27條 定值保險(xiǎn)單（Valued policy） 27.(1) A policy may be either valued or un