【正文】
in the room. 凱特在哪里?她在房間里看書。We are working in a factory these days. 這幾天我們在一家工廠工作。這類情況常與today今天,this week這個星期,this evening今天晚上,these days現(xiàn)在、目前等時間狀語連用。They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他們將要動身前往紐約。所用的動詞必須是動作而不是狀態(tài),主語必須是人。He39。She is constantly worrying about her son39。The boy is forever asking questions. 那個男孩老是問問題。5,有的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時句子和一般現(xiàn)在時同義。How are you feeling today? (How do you feel today?)你今天感覺如何?I am looking (look)forward to your next visit. 我盼望你下次再來。此種用法除了偶爾和now連用外,一般不和其他時間副詞連用的。The leaves are turning red. 樹葉漸漸地變紅了。Wait a moment。適合于此種用法的動詞有:bet/grow/bee/turn/run/go變成,begin開始,forget忘記,remember記得,die死,finish完成,find發(fā)現(xiàn),,“be”動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。He is being foolish. 他在裝傻。She is being rude. 她故意表現(xiàn)粗魯。t understand why he is being so 。(“be”動詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示人的行為,純粹表示心理或生理的狀態(tài)而不帶有行動時或主語不是人時,“be”動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時)如:I am happy.(表語是純粹的心理狀態(tài),不可用am being) 我很快樂。s tired.(表語是純粹的生理狀態(tài),不可用is being) 他很疲倦。s hot today.(主語不是人,不可用is being) 今天很熱。(二)結(jié)構(gòu)/were+(三)time,time(last…點(diǎn)鐘(last/…whendidlast5.wholeall,nineten,wasfruitattime.Theystudying8:0011:00(4) 一般過去時的肯定句、否定句、疑問句及簡略回答??隙ň?.wasTVthatlast2.主語+was/were+not+Ving+其它waswatchingattimenight.youTVthatlast肯定回答:Yes,was.I4. 疑問詞+was/were+主語+Ving+其它?weredoingattimenight?基本用法:過去進(jìn)行時表示在過去某個時間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動作或事情。(用介詞短語和從句來表示時間點(diǎn))wasattimeSunday.(過去某一時刻)mothercookingatyesterday.Wehavingwhencame2. wholeall,nineten,when等。Lucyworkingday.Wewatchingfromo’clockninelast,從句和主句的動作都是延續(xù)性或同時發(fā)生,那么主從句都要過去進(jìn)行時。hewaitingthe,wasnewspaper.(兩個動作都是延續(xù)的)HecleaningcarIcooking.他洗車時我在做飯。(6) when①when既指時間點(diǎn),也可指一段時間。while只指一段時間。while③when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。a. Whenteacherin,werewetalking,teacherin.singingwedancing.】8:00waslateB.latesleepthisA.onphonetalkingthewasonphonewasinoflibraryA.hoursB.C.thatyesterday______thearrived?washaircuttingC.hairfatherreading____mywasdinner.whenC.6.brotherwhile___bicyclehurtA.wasfell,riding,Imetthreeago.___ashopthewasC isweredoingsevenlast_____shower.wasoutgotofout9.___breakfasttherang.A.B.havinghavingThesaidthe___towhensawwastraveledC.39。smatter,Yousad.”nothinginIoffriendshome.A.thoughtB.justthinkingC.just12. What_____fromtoyesterdayyouyoudoingcalledyesterdaythereno Oh,‘mIatfriend’swasmothermyA.waswaswascooked,gotmymusic.amlistenedlisteningdaywhenrain_______(begin)._______(do)tenclockI_______(study)class.While_______(have)breakfast,telephoned5.______aatennight.Itsix.Greens(have)7.youatdoor____(do)washing.8.my______TV,______(make)kite._____youtheatyesterday10.Green_______(notclothesthislast三、按要求改寫句子。gettingofwhenUFO(對劃線部分提問)____________thelanded?Theytennisafternoon.(用atyesterday_____tennis5:00afternoon.Whilewas,thetookItrainingthe_____4.father______newspaper8:00evening.電話響時,我媽媽在做晚飯。My___________the6.thewasa,Ithe7. Iwashingshoesthatyourattime?五、現(xiàn)在完成時:概念:過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。“have /has”如何使用需記清。也就是說have/has需同主語的人稱或數(shù)保持一致。如: ?、?We have just finished our homework. ② She has gone home. 注意:1)該句式中的have或has是助動詞,has用于第三人稱單數(shù),其它人稱一律用have。 3)把該句式譯成漢語時,往往用“已經(jīng)”、“剛剛”、“過”或“了”等。如: ③ Have you read this story book yet? 特殊疑問句及反意疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)如下: ?、?What have you done with my bike? ?、?You39。t you? 注意:1)現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句往往在句末加yet。 3)其肯定回答用“Yes,...have(has).”,否定回答用“No,...haven39。t).”,有時用“No,not yet.”或“No,never.”。t(hasn39。如: ?、?We haven39。t stopped yet. 注意:1)現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句句末往往加yet。 接觸四:用法之一:現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。) I have bought two apples. 我買了兩個蘋果。) 在學(xué)習(xí)這一概念的同時,還應(yīng)注意常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的幾個副詞:already,just,ever,yet,never等。如: I have already finished my homework.我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)了。 Have you ever sung this English song?你曾唱過這首英文歌嗎? They haven39。 We have never heard of it.我們從來沒有聽說過這件事。 注:這一用法即現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的用法因?yàn)楸硎镜氖浅掷m(xù)的動作或狀態(tài),所以使用的動詞通常是延續(xù)性動詞:be, stay, study, wait, keep, have… 等; 使用的時間狀語通常由for或since 引導(dǎo),但二者后接的詞有所不同: for后常跟一個時間段,指某個動作到現(xiàn)在為止已持續(xù)了多長時間,如for three years, for half an hour等。 since 還可用作連詞,引導(dǎo)一個過去時態(tài)的時間狀語從句。 句型It is the first (second, third...) time that...的that從句中, 謂語動詞須用現(xiàn)在完成時,表示到說話時為止動作發(fā)生過幾次。試比較: The plane has arrived . 飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了。) The plane arrived a quarter of an hour ago. 飛機(jī)是一刻鐘以前抵達(dá)的。) 接觸七:have been in, have been to 與have gone to 的用法 1. have(has) been in 意為“已經(jīng)在某地呆了多長時間”,常與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 They have been in Canada for five years. 他們到加拿大有五年了。 可與just, ever, never等連用。ve just been to the post office. 我剛才去郵局了。 3. have(has) been to 后面可接次數(shù),表示去過某地幾次。ve been to Beijing three times. 我去過北京三次。 4. have(has) gone to 意為“到某地去了”,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。如: —Where is Tom? 湯姆在哪里? —He has gone to the 。如: Have you heard from your family lately/recently? Did you see Joan just now? 2. in the past few years 意思是“過去幾年來”,常用于完成時中; in the past意思是“在過去”,常用于過去時中。如: She\39。t hear of Jim from then on/after that. 4. before 通常用于完成時;...ago通常用于過去時。如: So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon. What have you done these days? 接觸八:過去分詞有規(guī)則與不規(guī)則兩種。不規(guī)則就需要記憶了 不規(guī)則動詞過去式和過去分詞 A. 原型:過去式和過去分詞完全不同drinkdrankdrunk ringrangrung swimswamswum singsangsung sinksanksunk givegavegiven hidehidhidden dodiddone seesawseenB. 過去式與過去分詞完全相同brightbroughtbrought thinkthoughtthought fightfoughtfoughtbuyboughtbought catchcaughtcaught sellsoldsoldecamee runranrun beebecamebeecastcastcast cutcutcut putputput letletlet setsetset hithithit 【練習(xí)】一、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 He has already finished his homework.(改為否定句) He _______ finished his homework ________. 2.They have found the lost books already.(改為一般疑問句,并作否定回答) ______ they _______ the lost books _______?No,they________. 3.Julia has not got home from school yet.(改為肯定句) Julia ______ _______ ________ home from school . 4.You have never been