【正文】 They(2)否定句:主語+therobotswill形容詞）betallerwilltomorrow.awill+職業(yè)名詞)awill10teacherbeI(1)肯定句:主語+用于各種人稱,shall用于第一人稱:I10tonight,nextafternoon/tomorrow,day標(biāo)志詞:tomorrow,t begin to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and . Had you been very hungry by 10:00 ? 5. Had Lucy pleted the project when I arrived yet? 6. Had the plane taken off by the time he got to the airport? 7. What had he done when you saw him? did he do when he had read the note? 9. Why didn39。t sold the ticket when she came. 2. She hadn39。t go …h(huán)ad been 16. hasn39。 ______ (arrive).5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) 　　I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn39。如： 　　After he closed the door, he left the classroom. （3）表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示原本…，未能… We had hoped that you would e, but you didn39。如： 　　She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）狀語從句中 ：在時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中，主、從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的，要用過去完成時(shí)，動(dòng)作在后的要用一般過去時(shí)。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在： （ 1 ）賓語從句中 ：當(dāng)賓語從句的主句為一般過去時(shí)，且從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí)，從句要用過去完成時(shí)。如：We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3）before + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o39。 語法判定1. 由時(shí)間狀語來判定 ：一般說來，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語。 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他剛到就又走了。 （8）過去完成時(shí)還可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。 They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他們本來打算去幫忙，但沒有及時(shí)趕到那里。 After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 馬克思到達(dá)英格蘭之后，努力提高他的英語水平。 She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work. 她直到把工作做完之后才睡覺。 （6） 狀語從句：在過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在前，用過去完成時(shí)；發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時(shí)。 He said that he had known her well. 他說他很熟悉她。 She found the key that she had lost. 她丟失的鑰匙找到了。 （4）在含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，如果敘述的是過去的事，先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作常用過去完成時(shí)。他以前是我的好友。 （3）敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，在已敘述了過去發(fā)生的事情后，反過來追述或補(bǔ)述以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常使用過去完成時(shí)。 I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 當(dāng)車來的時(shí)候，我在車站已等了20分鐘。By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9點(diǎn)鐘，我們已經(jīng)收到200 張飛船發(fā)來的圖片。即“過去的過去”。時(shí)間狀語：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.現(xiàn)在 那時(shí)|||t felt C．haven39。t visited ( )3．The old people ____ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week． A．don39。t visit C．haven39。t you met her yet ( )2．—How do you like Beijing ，Mr Black？ —Oh ，I ____ such a beautiful city ． A．don39。t you met her yet C．Haven39。 ( )1．—Who is Mary ？ —____？I saw you talking with her at the meeting ． A．Don39。 1. I______never______（speak）to a foreigner． 2. —______Tom______（return）the library book？ —Yes，he has． 3.—When________he________（return）it？ —Half an hour ago． 二、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換下列各句，每空一詞。 規(guī)則的變化形式與動(dòng)詞的過去式一樣。如： I have never been to Japan before. She went to Japan two years ago. 5. so far“到目前為止”， these days“這些天來”也是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常見的時(shí)間狀語。s lived here ever since then. 　I didn\39。 如： Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years. Where did you work in the past? 3. ever since then與from then on / after that 都有“打那以后”之意， 但前者常用于完成時(shí)，而后兩者常用于過去時(shí)。 接觸八：常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語 除了我們講過的already, yet, still，just, ever, never, since短語和 for短語外，還有許多時(shí)間 狀語常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，我們要留心將它們和一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語區(qū)分開來： 1. lately, recently是完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語；just now 有a moment ago 之意，是過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語。 總之，說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。 　　 They have been to that village several times. 他們?nèi)ミ^那個(gè)村莊好幾次了。如： 　　 I39。 　　 Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？ 　　 Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城。如： 　　 I39。 2. have(has) been to意為“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了。如： 　　 Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生來上海已經(jīng)有三天了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒。如：It is the first time that I have been here. 接觸六：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較 　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去。 如：We have known each other since we went to college. 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能直接和for 或since 連用，但我們可以找一個(gè)相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語來替換這些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如: e→be, e to→be in / at, go out→ be out, leave→be away, begin / start→be on, stop→ be over，buy→ have, borrow→ keep, open→be open, close→be closed, join→be a member of, die→be dead, catch a cold→have a cold, get to know→know, bee a teacher →be a teacher, fall asleep→be asleep, fall ill→ be ill等。 since 作介詞，后面可以接一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如since 1980，也可以接“一段時(shí)間+ago”, 如: since three years ago, since two months ago等。 接觸五：用法之二 :表示過去已經(jīng)開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。t started yet．他們還沒有動(dòng)身。 　　He has just had his meal．他剛吃過飯。already，just多用于肯定句中，ever，yet，never多用于疑問句和否定句中。 （“買”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是：擁有兩個(gè)蘋果。如： Have you read that story？你讀過那個(gè)故事嗎？ （“讀”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響是：是否知道故事的內(nèi)容。 2）否定句常譯為“還沒有……”等。t studied Unit 2 yet． ⑦ The train hasn39。t）＋過去分詞”。 接觸三：否定句式：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是“haven39。t（hasn39。 2）把現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句譯成漢語時(shí)，往往譯成“……過嗎？”、“已經(jīng)……了嗎？”等。ve read this story book, haven39。 接觸二：疑問句式 　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句式是把助動(dòng)詞have或has提到主語之前。 2）該句式中have（has）和過去分詞之間可用just插入。（二）用法接觸一：肯定句式 　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“have（has）＋過去分詞”。當(dāng)主語是I，you和復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)要用have；單數(shù)主語后跟has。（一）構(gòu)成：主語＋have/has＋V過去分詞。thatshoes_______________time.（改為一般問句）atmywaspolice._____suvenirbuyingalien_____當(dāng)外星人買紀(jì)念品時(shí)，我報(bào)了警。phone______.when_____mother5.yesterdayata_____My昨晚八點(diǎn)鐘我爸爸在看報(bào)紙。off.plane_____wasoff.（改為同義句）planerainingit3. yesterdayat_____Theyafternoon改寫句子)5:00yesterdayplayed2.UFOwhenyou_______landed.thebedoutwasSaturday.timeatwash)Mrsafternoon?5:00animals_____(feed)9.aI(watch)motherWhilesomeyesterday,Ithe____(knock)Whensupper.______Thewas6.lasttletter(write)Ihim．LilyHarry4.inyesterday﹖o39。atthe_______（walk）homeyesterday.（work）all二、動(dòng)詞填空。toB.listeningA.son_____thehome,IwatchedC.watchingcooking,B.watchingcooked,father_____TV._____whilehavingB.home.my_____dinnersorryIanswer.wasyouyou