【正文】 behavior in a certain situation. 反過來，一個人定型的思維模式制約、甚至決定他 /她在一定場合所形成的判斷和行為。 中國模式猶如圓環(huán)內(nèi)封，綜觀合察，尋求直覺頓悟 ，以綜合性思維為其主要特點。 《 周易 文言 》 A great man identifies himself with heaven and earth for virtues, with the sun and the moon for brightness, with four seasons for order, and with gods and spirits for luck. 《 易經(jīng) 》 ：一陰一陽之謂道。” — 錢學(xué)森 Referring to Chinese mode of thinking, Shen Xiaolong (1990) said: ―This is a circular dialectic mode of thinking with a strong plastic, flexible and stochastic nature. “ 這是一種有著極強可塑性、伸張性、隨機性的圓式辯證思維方式。 整體思維傾向于把情境或場看作是一個 整體 ，注重某一突出的物體及其場的 關(guān)系 ，并憑借這種關(guān)系來解釋和預(yù)見事物的情狀。 中國人傾向整體思維，他們往往觀察整個畫面，并依靠在情景中所獲得的信息對所觀察事物作出決定和判斷。 Classification Units of Plants and Animals: kingdom, division, class, order, family, genus, species 界、門、綱、目、科、屬、種 Chinese Leishu A collection of political, social and ethical data arranged circularly in an emperorcentered fashion. 中國古代類書是以皇帝為中心的環(huán)式體例。 Chinese Articles 起承轉(zhuǎn)合 : Introduction, elucidation, transition and summingup 著眼點： 首尾呼應(yīng)，通篇的過渡自然及和諧一致。 Robert B. Kaplan Topic Subtopic Subtopic Subtopic Examples Illustrations Examples Illustrations Examples Illustrations Topic Subtopic Subtopic Subtopic Examples Illustrations Examples Illustrations Examples Illustrations Summary Summary Summary Conclusion Robert B. Kaplan Some oriental writing is marked by what may be called an approach by indirection. In this kind of writing, the development of the paragraph may be said to be turning and turning in a widening gyre. The circles or gyres turn around the subject and show it from a variety of tangential views, but the subject is never looked at directly. Robert B. Kaplan 東方人寫的文章具有間接入題的特點，可以說，這種文章語段的展開，就像一個不斷擴展的環(huán)在圍繞著主題旋轉(zhuǎn)，通過外圍的觀點展示主題，卻從不直接入題。題記一只小老鼠羨慕太陽光芒萬丈的偉大，敬佩云朵遮住陽光的偉大，仰慕風(fēng)吹散云的偉大，卻忽視了自己鉆過墻，也是一種偉大。 《 談自信 》 Faith is the confident belief or trust in the truth or trustworthiness of a person, concept or thing. On Faith The Eightpart Essay The eightpart essay is a kind of stereotyped writing, focusing on the form but lacking in content. The eight parts consist of 4 pairs of parallel or antithetical writings, cycling around the topic and not approaching the central idea directly. 八股文 八股文分為破題、承題、起講、入手、起股、中股、后股、束股、落下等組成部分。八股也稱八比，比是對偶的意思。 Chinese medicine, general physical condition, pulse, plexion, tongue coating 中醫(yī)看病，望、聞、問、切，注意的是全身性的綜合癥狀 。 Chinese cuisine casual mixing of ingredients more attention to the general effect of color, aroma and taste 中餐廚師并不在意配料的嚴格計量，而是注重色、香、味的總體效果。 Chinese Painting 中國畫追求總體模糊神似，運用概括、夸張的手法及豐富的聯(lián)想表現(xiàn)物象的神韻。運用邏輯，就是剝?nèi)フf話的意義，而只留下完整的形式結(jié)構(gòu)，這樣就比較容易看清某一論點是否成立。直覺思維是非線性的，猶如幻覺迷宮里突然出現(xiàn)的火花，它是中國古代圣哲感知世界的主要方法。 S is M。 S is M。 The world could be understood through logical approaches to their meaning, without reference to the world of the senses. If the senses seemed to contradict conclusions reached from first principles and logic, it was the senses that had to be ignored. —— Plato Logic and Accuracy The world could be understood through logical approaches to their meaning, without reference to the world of the senses. If the senses seemed to contradict conclusions reached from first principles and logic, it was the senses that had to be ignored.