【正文】 sign of the bills shows that Americans values their people39。talents in many waysB.inventions in new fieldscontributions to the country（2）For hundreds of years, those historic men on the bills fought for the nation39。economy and powerB.wealth and successD.Men on the MoneyB.History on the MoneyD. （1）考查推理判斷。故選D。根據(jù)第一段中的“President Washington has been called the ‘Father of his country.’；第二段中的“Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation39。故選B。根據(jù)第一段中的“The picture of George Washington is on the onedollar third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the twodollar bill.”及下文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各種面值的美元紙幣上偉大人物，以及他們對(duì)國(guó)家所做出的貢獻(xiàn)。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。Rumors(謠言): we39。ve all spread some. In more traditional times they shook entire families. Today, they circulate differently because the way we share information has also changed. t enjoy being on the receiving end of one, since they usually don39。Normally rumors are oral messages: word of mouth. The paradox(自相矛盾) is that there is no evidence to support rumors, but the more people share it, the more they see it as true. To finish defining rumors, we think that they follow certain very clear laws. Secrecy: The source is unknown. There is also a proven phenomenon that human beings usually forget the source of a message before they forget its content. Certainty: We hardly question rumors simply because of the mental effort involved. On the other hand, no one likes to doubt a person who convinces us that the information they spread is true. Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor. How can we end rumors? The answer is as simple as it is impossible: preventing people from municating. A more realistic response is equally difficult, although less than the first one. It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask (if possible) the person you heard it from whether they also trust the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor. s why we say, history is always told by the victors. The first payment the defeated must make is to accept the victor39。s the author39。re happy to be the receiving end of them. may have negative influence on society. often hide good intentions in the messages.（3）How are rumors like trees? keep changing, just as trees change their color. are deeply rooted in reality, like tree roots in the earth. rumors have gaps, like the space between tree branches. rumors grow out of the original, like branches out of a trunk.（4）What does the underlined word viral in Paragraph 4 probably mean? easily spread acceptable easily defended. beneficial.（5）Which of the following may the author agree with? is easy to prevent people from spreading rumors. are often active in judging the rumors critically. should think about the hidden message of the rumors. told by the victors are usually better worth trusting.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，介紹了什么是謠言，謠言的危害，特點(diǎn)及怎樣避免謠言。根據(jù)第一段中的“In more traditional times they shook entire families.”；第二段中的“The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally.”；以及第四段中的“Another property of rumors is that they tend to bee viral.”等信息可知作者認(rèn)為謠言會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人生活和社會(huì)造成混亂，作者對(duì)謠言是批評(píng)的態(tài)度。 （2）考查推理判斷。故選C。根據(jù)第三段中的“Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor.”把謠言比作樹，新謠言的出現(xiàn)填補(bǔ)了最初謠言留下的空白。故選D。根據(jù)第四段中的“Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter of the information. The receiver often adds their own opinion. Their manner and tone of transmitting it also changes it.”可知每個(gè)接收者同時(shí)又是信息潛在的發(fā)送者。這是在說謠言的危害，像病毒一樣容易傳播。 （5）考查推理判斷。故選C。5．閱讀理解 Recently, a team of medical researchers studied the links between describing psychologically painful events and longterm health. In one experiment healthy college students were asked to write about either personally disturbing experiences or ordinary topics over a period of four days. In the months afterwards, students who had chosen to show their inner thoughts and feelings in their writing visited the health center for illness much less often than those who had written about everyday topics. The researchers suggested that failure to face up to painful experience can be a form of stress itself, and can increase the possibility of illness. It follows, then, that actively dealing with a major shock makes possible its understanding and acceptance. The answer is not to suffer in silence. It may not always be possible to talk about personal problems, but writing them down will help the body to fight disease in the long run.（1）In the first experiment, the students who wrote about painful events ________. to suffer psychological problems sharing their inner thought and feelings less likely to seek treatment for sickness39。許多專家認(rèn)為將與令人不安的事件有關(guān)的思想和情感表達(dá)出來是十分重要的。所以從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，不要默默忍受，說出來或者寫出來將有助于身體對(duì)抗疾病。根據(jù)第二段中的“In the months afterwards, students who had chosen to show their inner thoughts and feelings in their writing visited the health center for illness much less often than those who had written about everyday topics.”可知，在隨后的幾個(gè)月里，那些選擇在寫作中表達(dá)自己內(nèi)心想法和感受的學(xué)生，比那些寫過日常話題的人更少去看病。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。故選C。根據(jù)第三段中的“The white cells that fight off bacteria and viruses…”可知，白細(xì)胞是用來對(duì)抗細(xì)菌和病毒的，因此these invaders 指的就是細(xì)菌和病毒這些“入侵者”。 （4）考查主旨大意。然后通過兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，將內(nèi)心的感受通過說或者寫的方式表達(dá)出來從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看會(huì)有助于身體對(duì)抗疾病。選A。6．閱讀理解 re young can lead to health problems later. t consume more than about a teaspoon of salt daily. The average American eats twice this amount. This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood. To pump the extra blood, the heart has to work harder. This causes a rise in blo