【正文】 部就班創(chuàng)作的詞曲也仿佛成了隨著炸藥誕生而過時了的火器。當大眾在期待著流行民謠的時候，一個年輕人手持吉他站在那兒，把街頭俗語與圣經(jīng)語言熔在一起，讓世界末日看起來都像是多余的再現(xiàn)。他的韻律就像是一劑煉金秘方，溶解現(xiàn)有的語境創(chuàng)造出人類大腦所難以容納的新內(nèi)容?！八男衫世噬峡?，”一位評論家如是解釋他的偉大。s equivalent of the fable39。所有的創(chuàng)作都始于模仿。從別人的傳家寶與廢棄之物中、從陳腐的韻律與機靈妙語中、從邪惡的詛咒和虔誠的禱告中、從甜言蜜語和粗鄙玩笑中，他淘出了詩歌的黃金。gramophone：留聲機In his hands, the material what he discovered in heirloom and scrap, in banal rhyme and quick wit, in curses and pious prayers, sweet nothings and crude jokes, he panned poetry gold, whether on purpose or by accident is irrelevant。相反，他全身心地投入于20世紀的美國流行音樂中，這些都是為普通人創(chuàng)作的音樂，不分人種，它們在廣播電臺和留聲機唱片中播放：抗議歌曲、鄉(xiāng)村音樂、藍調(diào)、早期搖滾樂、福音音樂和主流音樂??他日夜聆聽，用樂器彈奏，試著學習創(chuàng)作。rhapsodes：游唱詩人，吟誦史詩的人 bards：吟游詩人 troubadours：行吟詩人 lyre：里爾琴；抒情詩But what Bob Dylan did was not to return to the Greeks or the , he dedicated himself body and soul to 20th century American popular music, the kind played on radio stations and gramophone records for ordinary people, white and black: protest songs, country, blues, early rock, gospel, mainstream listened day and night, testing the stuff on his instruments, trying to when he started to write similar songs, they came out 在久遠的過去，所有的詩都是唱出來或是帶著音調(diào)起伏誦讀出來的。lyre39。lyrics39。anecdote：奇聞軼事 plank：木板，支架vernacular：本地話，方言，用本地語言寫成的 fable：寓言 In itself, it ought not to be a sensation that a singer/songwriter now stands recipient of the literary Nobel a distant past, all poetry was sung or tunefully recited, poets were rhapsodes, bards, troubadours。方丹將動物寓言、安徒生把童話，從育嬰室升華到高蹈派詩歌的高度。第一篇：2016年諾貝爾文學獎頒獎詞What brings about the great shifts in the world of literature? Often it is when someone seizes upon a simple, overlooked form, discounted as art in the higher sense, and makes it ？通常，是一種簡單、被人忽視，從更高意義來說被貶低為技藝的一種形式被某個人所掌握，并令其蛻變的時候。discounted：已打折的 mutate：變化，改變，突變Thus, at one point, emerged the modern novel from anecdote and letter, thus arose drama in a new age from high jinx on planks placed on barrels in a marketplace, thus songs in the vernacular dethroned learned Latin poetry, thus too did La Fontaine take animal fables and Hans Christian Andersen fairy tales from the nursery to Parnassian time this occurs, our idea of literature ，當代小說從奇聞軼事與日常通信脫穎而出，戲劇從站在市集木桶板上表演的雜耍發(fā)軔，拉丁詩文漸被方言歌謠取代，同樣地，拉每一次變化的出現(xiàn)，我們對于文學的看法就隨之發(fā)生改變。39。 es from 39。.本來，一位歌手或作曲家成為諾貝爾文學獎得主并不應該成為一個聳人聽聞的事件。史詩吟誦者、游吟詩人、行吟詩人，他們就是詩人；而“歌詞”一詞就來源于“里爾琴”。迪倫所做的并非要回到古希臘或中古的普羅旺斯。當他開始寫出類似的歌曲時，它們呈現(xiàn)出來的卻是另一片天地。all creativity begins in ，這些素材發(fā)生了變化。是有心還是無意，都無關緊要。heirloom：傳家寶 scrap：碎片；殘余物banal：陳腐的；平庸的；老一套的 pan：淘金Even after fifty years of uninterrupted exposure, we are yet to absorb music39。s Flying makes good rhymes, said a critic, explaining it is rhyming is an alchemical substance that dissolves contexts to create new ones, scarcely containable by the human ，我們還未能完全領悟迪倫那些在音樂領域能與《漂泊的荷蘭人》相媲美的歌曲。沒錯。alchemical：煉金術的 rhyming：押韻It was a the public expecting poppy folk songs, there stood a young man with a guitar, fusing the languages of the street and the bible into a pound that would have made the end of the world seem a superfluous 。pound：化合物；混合物；復合詞 superfluous：多余的；不必要的；奢侈的At the same time, he sang of love with a power of conviction everyone wants to of a sudden, much of the bookish poetry in our world felt anaemic, and the routine song lyrics his colleagues continued to write were like oldfashioned gunpowder following the invention of , people stopped paring him to Woody Guthrie and Hank Williams and turned instead to Blake, Rimbaud, Whitman, ，他以一種人人想擁有的、令人信服的力量來歌頌愛。很快，人們不再把他與伍迪威廉姆斯這些音樂人相比，而是將他與威廉蘭波（法國象征主義詩人）、沃爾特conviction：確信，深信 bookish：書本上的，書呆子氣的 anaemic：無活力的，貧血的In the most unlikely setting of allhe gave back to the language of poetry its elevated style, lost since the to sing of eternities, but to speak of what was happening around if the oracle of Delphi were reading the evening ，他重新賦予詩歌語言以高昂的姿態(tài)，這是自浪漫主義時代之后便已失掉的風格。oracle：神諭Recognising that revolution by awarding Bob Dylan the Nobel Prize was a decision that seemed daring only beforehand and already seems does he get the prize for upsetting the system of literature? Not is a simpler explanation, one that we share with all those who stand with beating hearts in front of the stage at one of the venues on his neverending tour, waiting for that magical 但他獲得文學獎是因為顛覆了文學系統(tǒng)嗎？并不是。Chamfort made the observation that when a master such as La Fontaine appears, the hierarchy of genresis ified.“What matter the rank of a work when its beauty is of the highest rank? he is the straight answer to the question of how Bob Dylan belongs in literature: as the beauty of his songs is of