【正文】 B. Basing C. Base D. To base 【答案】B1. 若不給自己設限，則人生中就沒有限制你發(fā)揮的藩籬。例如：Weather permitting, they will go and visit the science museum.The meeting being over, they all left the room.Given more time, we could do it better.The moon appearing, they decided to go on with their journey.She stood there, book in hand.Everybody at home, we sat down to dinner.由There being +主語 這種結(jié)構(gòu)多表示原因。例如：Knowing his uncle would e, he began to make some preparations.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時，表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前,常用作狀語。Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. (Because he was so angry)They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. (and they were singing laughing)To serve the people well, I study hard. (In order to serve the people well)（二）分詞的時態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞分一般式和完成式，而過去分詞則沒有時態(tài)形式的變化。1．作定語Do you know the boy standing at the gate?Have you read the book written by Lu Xun？2．作表語We are excited at the news.The news he told us is exciting.3．作賓語補足語I heard him singing a song in the classroom.We found the ground covered with snow.4．作狀語While lying in bed, he listened to some music.Seen from the hill, the village looks move beautiful.分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語就是句子的主語，否則分詞前面必須有自己的主語。例如： The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.分詞（一）分詞的作用 現(xiàn)在分詞表示：主動，動作正在進行。例如：I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon. What would you like to eat tonight?動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)動名詞前可以加一個 物主代詞或 名詞所有格來表示 這個動名詞邏輯上的主語 ，構(gòu)成動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)或動名詞短語。t help _laughing____ (laugh).⑤I don’t feel like _going____ (go) to see the film. ⑥He was busy _preparing___ (prepare) his lessons主動表被動:① The room wants _cleaning____ (clean). ② The method needs _improving__ (improve).③ This pair of shoes require __mending___ (mend). ④ The problem needs_working out_ (work out). ⑤ The question is well worth _discussing____ (discuss)d）動詞 “l(fā)ike, love, hate, prefer”后接動名詞表示“習慣性動作”，后接不定式表示“心理或一次具體動作”。I came here to see you．We were very excited to hear the news．He hurried to the school to find nobody there. 對比To learn English well, he needs a good dictionary.To learn English well, a good dictionary is needed.To get there in time, he told me to get up early.不定式的主動形式表示被動意義I have something important to do. In the accident, the driver was to blame.This question is difficult to answer. The box is not easy to carry. 動名詞一. 動名詞的基本構(gòu)成I have something to tell you. (不定式作定語)1) 不定式與它所修飾的詞有動賓關系 Do you have anything to wash today?2) 不定式用來說明所修飾詞的內(nèi)容 I have no chance to go there.3) 被修飾詞是不定式的邏輯主語 She is always the last to leave the room.4) 不定式為不及物動詞且和所修飾的名詞是動賓關系時，須加介詞 house is not big enough for us all___A____.A. to live in　B. to be lived in C. to live D. for living in2. Would you please pass me the knife ____A___?A. to cut the fruit with　B. to cut the fruit, want, warn, remind, promise, permit, persuade, request+sb. to do注意：（1）在動詞feel （一感），hear, listen to（二聽），have, let, make（三讓），notice, see, watch, observe, look at（五看）(即：吾看三室兩廳一感覺)等后面的補足語中，不定式不帶to，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，必須帶to。his_to__causedforthe_to__gett decided whether to go or stay. 下列詞接動名詞和不定式均可，但意義不同的動詞：stop to do 停下來去做