非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解[超全](編輯修改稿)
2025-07-23 12:29 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ugh).⑤I don’t feel like _going____ (go) to see the film. ⑥He was busy _preparing___ (prepare) his lessons主動(dòng)表被動(dòng):① The room wants _cleaning____ (clean). ② The method needs _improving__ (improve).③ This pair of shoes require __mending___ (mend). ④ The problem needs_working out_ (work out). ⑤ The question is well worth _discussing____ (discuss)d）動(dòng)詞 “l(fā)ike, love, hate, prefer”后接動(dòng)名詞表示“習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作”，后接不定式表示“心理或一次具體動(dòng)作”。當(dāng)用在 should, would之后時(shí)，只跟不定式。例如：I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon. What would you like to eat tonight?動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞前可以加一個(gè) 物主代詞或 名詞所有格來(lái)表示 這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ) ，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。例如： Nixon’s visiting China marked a new year between . and China diplomatic Their ing to help was a great encouragement to us.b. 在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中，只要不是作主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的邏輯主語(yǔ)常采用名詞通格或人稱(chēng)代詞賓格。例如： The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.分詞（一）分詞的作用 現(xiàn)在分詞表示：主動(dòng)，動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。過(guò)去分詞表示：被動(dòng)，動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。1．作定語(yǔ)Do you know the boy standing at the gate?Have you read the book written by Lu Xun？2．作表語(yǔ)We are excited at the news.The news he told us is exciting.3．作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)I heard him singing a song in the classroom.We found the ground covered with snow.4．作狀語(yǔ)While lying in bed, he listened to some music.Seen from the hill, the village looks move beautiful.分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)，否則分詞前面必須有自己的主語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞在作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)完成1. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful.2. (Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.(When they heard the bad news)3. (Giving/Given) more time, we could do it better. (If they had been given more attention)4. I stood by the door, not daring to say a word.Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. (Because he was so angry)They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. (and they were singing laughing)To serve the people well, I study hard. (In order to serve the people well)（二）分詞的時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞分一般式和完成式，而過(guò)去分詞則沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)形式的變化。現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，或在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生。例如：Knowing his uncle would e, he began to make some preparations.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)，表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前,常用作狀語(yǔ)。例如：Having finished his homework, he went to bed.（三）現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式被動(dòng)一般式 being done 被動(dòng)完成式 having been doneThis is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city. Having been told many times, he was able to operate the machine.（四）分詞的否定形式分詞的否定式，由not+分詞構(gòu)成，例如：Not having heard the news. I wrote to him again.Not knowing how to work out the maths problem, I went to the teacher for help.（五）分詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)不同時(shí)，帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的分詞短語(yǔ)成為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句法功能上起狀語(yǔ)作用。例如：Weather permitting, they will go and visit the science museum.The meeting being over, they all left the room.Given more time, we could do it better.The moon appearing, they decided to go on with their journey.She stood there, book in hand.Everybody at home, we sat down to dinner.由There being +主語(yǔ) 這種結(jié)構(gòu)多表示原因。例如：There being a lot of books to read, he often studied till ，他經(jīng)常學(xué)習(xí)到深夜。with + 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)（1）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + 形容詞 Don’t speak with your mouth full.（2）with + 名詞 / 代詞 + 副詞 The square looks more beautiful than ever with the lig
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