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ed her daughter ______ after drinking. A never to drive B to never drive C never driving D never drive The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______. A not to B not to do C not do it D do not do The patient was warned ______ food before the operation. A to eat no B eating not C not to eat D not eating動(dòng)名詞(動(dòng)名詞具有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特征,在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ))一、 動(dòng)名詞的作用 作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。It代替動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),常用于如下結(jié)構(gòu):It’s no good/use doing如:Seeing is believing.Playing with fire is dangerous.It’s no good waiting here. 作賓語(yǔ)I enjoy listening to music.He often practices playing the piano in the evening.He is fond of playing basketball.He has given up smoking.Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?(1) 只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞:admit,advise建議,risk,appreciate,envy嫉妒,avoid避免,consider考慮,delay延遲,deny否認(rèn),dislike不喜歡,enjoy,escape逃避,excuse原諒、寬恕,finish完成,forgive原諒,understand理解,give up放棄,imagine想象,keep保持,mind介意、在乎,miss未達(dá)到,practise訓(xùn)練,put off推遲,resist抵抗,suggest建議、暗示can’t help 禁不住,can’t stand無(wú)法忍受,devote to(to為介詞)致力于,look forward to 期望、盼望,stick to堅(jiān)持,be used to習(xí)慣于,object to反對(duì),be busy忙于,fee like想要be surprised at 對(duì)……感到驚訝 be proud of 以……為驕傲 succeed in 在某方面成功 be afraid of害怕 give up 放棄(2) 只能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞:happen 碰巧,offer 主動(dòng)提出,promise 答應(yīng),agree 同意,refuse拒絕,decide 決定,determine 決定、決心,pretend 假裝,fail 未能夠,learn,wish希望,hope,expect,afford 負(fù)擔(dān)得起。 (3) 接動(dòng)名詞、不定式均可,意義相同的動(dòng)詞:like,love,dislike,hate,begin,star,continue,prefer,can’t bear/endure 無(wú)法忍受,cease停止(4) 下列詞接動(dòng)名詞和不定式均可,但意義不同的動(dòng)詞:forget,go on,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等Stop to do 停下來(lái)去做 stop doing 停止做Forget to do 忘記要做 forget doing 忘記做過(guò)Remember to do 記得要做 remember doing 記得做過(guò)Regret to do 遺憾要做 regret doing 后悔做過(guò)Try to do 企圖做,盡力做 try doing 試著做Go on to do 繼續(xù)做(另一件事) go on doing 繼續(xù)做(同一件事)Mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another hour.A waiting B to waiting C wait D to be waiting答案:A(5) Need, require, want作“需要”講,其后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義,be worth也有類似用法。如:The flowers need watering/to be watered.The problem is worth discussing. 作表語(yǔ)此時(shí)的動(dòng)名詞可以和主語(yǔ)調(diào)換位置。如:My hobby is collecting stamps.Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the child. 作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ),一般表示用途。如:a waiting room,a diving board,a reading room,a dining hallthere are a lot of swimming pools in the city.注:(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表動(dòng)作,它與所修飾的名詞之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,可改寫成一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如果為單詞,放在被修飾n之前,為短語(yǔ),放在被修飾n之后。如:a sleeping boy =a boy who is sleeping a developing country =a country whic