【正文】 大型汽車(chē)制造公司開(kāi)始采用ETCS。與傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械式節(jié)氣門(mén)相比,電子節(jié)氣門(mén)取消了與油門(mén)踏板的剛性連接。采用電子節(jié)氣門(mén)能有效提高發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。采用傳統(tǒng)的PID控制方法,需要加入復(fù)雜的變參數(shù)算法以及補(bǔ)償算法,而且?guī)?lái)了大量的參數(shù)標(biāo)定工作。1. 國(guó)外汽車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)電子節(jié)氣門(mén)的研究現(xiàn)狀 電子節(jié)氣門(mén)在國(guó)外發(fā)展較早，已有20多年的歷史，產(chǎn)品已大規(guī)模投入市場(chǎng)。電子節(jié)氣門(mén)在控制策略上由先前的線性控制到現(xiàn)在的非線性控制。從先前為單一提高駕駛性能到現(xiàn)在為提高發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性、排放性及乘駕舒適性等多項(xiàng)綜合性能，集成了多種控制功能。Delphi開(kāi)發(fā)出第二代ETC控制系統(tǒng)，主要用十大排量汽車(chē)上。第二代電子節(jié)氣門(mén)集成了幾項(xiàng)獨(dú)特的駕駛性能，如改變車(chē)輛對(duì)加速踏板響應(yīng)的靈敏度。對(duì)海拔高度地補(bǔ)償。Bosch推出了新的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)管理系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了基十轉(zhuǎn)矩控制的控制策略。系統(tǒng)中有專用的檢測(cè)模塊對(duì)電子節(jié)氣門(mén)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)和I故障診斷，提高了安全性和可靠性。英飛凌(Infineon)開(kāi)發(fā)出了一種電子節(jié)氣門(mén)，采用非接觸型節(jié)氣門(mén)位置傳感器，并進(jìn)一步將節(jié)氣門(mén)驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片華成干節(jié)氣門(mén)體內(nèi)。但對(duì)十引進(jìn)的電子節(jié)氣門(mén)只是處十使用階段，對(duì)其核心技術(shù)知之甚少。目前清華大學(xué)、北京理工大學(xué)等幾家單位進(jìn)行過(guò)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方面的研究?？刂浦破饕阅ν辛_拉的單片機(jī)MC68HC912DG 128A為核心，用MC33186 作 H橋驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片。在該控制系統(tǒng)硬件電路中，需要單片機(jī)產(chǎn)生兩路PWM分別控制MC33186的IN1和IN2，以分別控制電機(jī)的正轉(zhuǎn)和反轉(zhuǎn)。節(jié)氣門(mén)控制單兀沒(méi)有與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)管理系統(tǒng)有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái)，節(jié)氣門(mén)的目標(biāo)位置由測(cè)試系統(tǒng)給定，只能用于試驗(yàn)研究，與國(guó)外控制系統(tǒng)相比顯然有明顯的差距。另一方面，通過(guò)它對(duì)汽車(chē)動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的功率控制來(lái)提升駕駛性能，比如安全、平順性等。并與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)管理系統(tǒng)有效的結(jié)合，發(fā)揮電子節(jié)氣門(mén)控制系統(tǒng)在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)管理系統(tǒng)中的作用，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)性能的優(yōu)化，具有重要意義。電傳線驅(qū)技術(shù)則是其最主要的方向之一。本文首先對(duì)電子節(jié)氣門(mén)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了全面的介紹，然后進(jìn)行了電子節(jié)氣門(mén)系統(tǒng)的建模、控制器設(shè)計(jì)和基于模型的系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)控制軟件生成，最后進(jìn)行了實(shí)時(shí)控制試驗(yàn)。其次在研究節(jié)氣門(mén)體結(jié)中得到其圖形模型，分析了節(jié)氣門(mén)體中各運(yùn)動(dòng)部分的特性，包括進(jìn)氣流量、傳感器模型、彈簧扭矩模型、摩擦力分析及其模型、齒隙沖擊分析、進(jìn)氣擾動(dòng)對(duì)扭矩的影響，電機(jī)電樞電路模型。再次在機(jī)電控制系統(tǒng)中，最通用的控制器是PID控制器，在長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)用中積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，是連續(xù)控制系統(tǒng)中技術(shù)成熟，應(yīng)用廣泛的一種控制器。再次對(duì)電子節(jié)氣門(mén)控制系統(tǒng)的功能分析，對(duì)電子節(jié)氣門(mén)控制系統(tǒng)的硬件電路包括控制芯片模塊、輸入模塊、輸出模塊和通信模塊進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述，并設(shè)計(jì)了基于磁阻傳感器的角位移測(cè)量系統(tǒng)。關(guān)鍵詞 電子節(jié)氣門(mén)，電控系統(tǒng)，變結(jié)構(gòu)滑模，控制算法，硬件系統(tǒng)AbstractAuto electronic control has made rapid progress by more requirements of the society, pending tougher emission standards and the developments in electronics, and DrivebyWire is one of the most important technologies. ETCS (electronic throttle control system) is one part of the powertrain control system, it plays a very importantrole in powertxain control. This thesis firstly introduced the ETCS, then modeled and simulated its dynamics and electrics characters in Matlab/simulink/stateflow, and the model based embedded software code isgenerated, then test is curried out in the realtime workshop.The whole thesis consists of six sections.Riefly states the ETC technique developinghistory, features, the current application situation and products, and then points out the significance of the thesis and the main content of the research work.Analyzes the dynamics of each part of the throttle body, including pneumatics, spring torque, friction etc, and then deduces mathematical model of ETCS. And system identification is also done using the toolbox of Matlab.In the mechanical and electrical control system, the most universal controller is a PID controller, the parameters of PID controller is easy to set, in the longterm application has accumulated rich experience, is in continuous control system technology is mature, widely used as a controller. PID controller for analog PID controller and digital PID controller, the system uses a single chip control, the system used in the design of digital PID control algorithm.Again on the electronic throttle control system function analysis, the electronic throttle control system hardware circuit prises a control chip module, input module, output module and a munication module in detail, and the design of the magoresistive sensor based on the angular displacement measuring system.Finally on the subject content summary.Key Words: electronic throttle control。 variable structure slidingmode control。 Hardware System目 錄1緒論 .....................................................................................................................................................................1 ..............................................................................................................................................1 ..........................................................................................................................................1 ..................................................................................................................................................2 ...........................................................................................................................................2 ...............................................................................................................................3 ..............................................................................................................................32系統(tǒng)建模 .............................................................................................................................................................4 ..............................................................................................................................................4 ...............................................................................................................................................4 ...............................................................................................................................................4 ..............................................................................................................................................4 .......................................................................................................................................4 .......................................................................................................................................5 ...........................................................................................................................................6 .......................................................................................................................................7 ...........................................................................................................................................7 ...........................................................................................................................8 ............................................................................................................................