英國國家概況(三)(中英文版)-展示頁
2024-11-14 22:20本頁面
【正文】 sser nobles, knights and freemen, also in return for goods and services. ⑥At the bottom of the feudal scale were the villeins or serfs. ⑦One peculiar feature of the feudal system of England was that all landowners must take the oath of allegiance， not only to their immediate lord, but also to the king. ① 在威廉統(tǒng)治下，英國的封建制度得到完全確立。s feudalism under the rule of William the Conqueror 在威廉統(tǒng)治下的英國封建制度 ①Under William, the feudal system in England was pletely established. ②According to this system, the King owned all the land personally. ③William gave his barons large estates in England in return for a promise of military service and a proportion of the land39。 英美概況 （三） 中英文版 第三章 英國的形成 Chapter 3 第三章 The Shaping of the Nation (10661381) 英國的形成（公元 10661381） I. Norman Rule (10661381) 諾曼統(tǒng)治（公元 10661381） 1. William39。s Rule （ 10661087） 威廉一世的統(tǒng)治（公元 10661087） England39。s produce. ④These estates were scattered far and wide over the country, so that those who held them could not easily bine to rebel the king. ⑤The barons, who had bee William39。 ② 根據(jù)此制度，國王擁有全國所有土地。 ④這些地產(chǎn)分散于各處，這樣土地?fù)碛姓呔筒灰茁?lián)合起來反叛國王。⑥ 在封建等級底層的是農(nóng)奴。 2. King Henry II and his reforms 亨利二世國王和他的改革 The ways King Henry II consolidate the monarchy. 亨利二世鞏固君主制的途徑。 recalled grants of Royal lands made by his previous king Stephen。s time。他迫使弗蘭德斯雇傭軍離開英國，收回 史蒂芬森贈(zèng)出皇室土地；拆除幾十座史蒂芬森時(shí)造德城堡，加強(qiáng)并擴(kuò)大了他的行政長官們的權(quán)力，依靠由英國自由民組成的民兵獲取軍事支持。 King Henry II greatly strengthened the Court and extended its judicial work. He divided the whole country into six circuits and appointed justices to each. Ca
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