【正文】 se Customer dissatisfaction 審核項(xiàng)目為會(huì)引起顧客不滿意的項(xiàng)目 ? Process controls must link with PFEMA, Control Plan and Work Instructions 過(guò)程控制必需與 PFMEA、 控制計(jì)劃和作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書鏈接 ? Check that all logs, checklists amp。 mistake proofing nonconformance testing 防錯(cuò)裝置的不符合性實(shí)驗(yàn) LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 17 GM ? Layered Audit documentation SHALL be piled in the Lessons Learned (key strategy) database. 分層審核的文件應(yīng)匯編在經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)總結(jié)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中。 LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 15 Typical Audit Elements 典型的審核要素 Machining/Robotics Automation driven processes: 設(shè)備 /機(jī)器人－自動(dòng)化控制過(guò)程： ? Preventive Maintenance tasks 預(yù)防性維修任務(wù) ? Calibration of gages 量具的校正 ? Technical parameters 技術(shù)參數(shù) ? Setup procedures being followed 建立需遵守的程序 ? Machine settings 設(shè)備設(shè)定 ? Process sheets 過(guò)程參數(shù)卡 ? Tool change verification 工具變更確認(rèn) ? Positioning of coolant lines 冷卻線的設(shè)置 ? Pattern of shot blast or deburr 噴砂處理或清除毛刺的模式 ? Die coloration 上色 ? Gage plan being followed 量具計(jì)劃 ? Sample part retention 零件樣本 ? Documentation of gage checks 量具驗(yàn)證文件 ? SPC data capture and charting 統(tǒng)計(jì)過(guò)程控制的數(shù)據(jù)獲取和圖表 ? Mastering of gages 量具控制 ? Error amp。 ? Results shall be summarized and reviewed by manufacturing site leadership. 審核結(jié)果應(yīng)進(jìn)行總結(jié)并提交生產(chǎn)部門管理層評(píng)審。 Immediate containment 立即的遏制行動(dòng) 187。 ? Layered Audit results SHALL be recorded. 分層審核的結(jié)果應(yīng)記錄。 ? Layered Audits will supplement ongoing control plan and job instruction checks. 分層審核作為對(duì)正在進(jìn)行的控制計(jì)劃和工作指導(dǎo)書檢查的補(bǔ)充。 LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 13 General Motor’s Customer Specific Requirements 通用汽車 顧客的特殊需求 LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 14 GM ? Layered Audits SHALL be conducted for manufacturing and assembly of high risk items at a minimum of once per shift. 對(duì)于制造和裝配高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)零件的單位，分層審核應(yīng)至少每班進(jìn)行一次。 ? Supplier Quality specialist SHALL review LPA as part of corrective action(s) for quality spills. 供應(yīng)商質(zhì)量專家應(yīng)對(duì)分層審核進(jìn)行評(píng)審，作為質(zhì)量問(wèn)題改進(jìn)措施的組成部分之一。 ? Suppliers SHALL upload in Powerway Quality Gate Z the deliverable “Layered Process Audit Results” and provide supplier opinion(s). (Red, Yellow, Green) Results shall be updated quarterly. 供應(yīng)商應(yīng)將可交付的分層審核結(jié)果上載到 Powerway Quality Gate Z ，并提供供應(yīng)商的意見(jiàn)。 ? A Communication Procedure is required to address reoccurring nonconformities. Specific areas of focus shall include the following (local proforma): 應(yīng)確定溝通過(guò)程以防止不符合項(xiàng)重復(fù)發(fā)生。 ? The anization SHALL show evidence of immediate corrective action, containment (as required), and root cause analysis (as required)(Ref. VF213b). 組織應(yīng)迅速制定反應(yīng)計(jì)劃，必要時(shí)實(shí)施遏制措施并進(jìn)行根本原因分析。 ? Error Proofing Audits SHALL be conducted at least once per shift, preferably at the start of each shift. 防錯(cuò)驗(yàn)證審核應(yīng)每班至少進(jìn)行一次，最好在每班開始時(shí)進(jìn)行。 LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 9 Chrysler (DCX) 克萊斯勒（ DCX） ? The anization SHALL have a documented audit structure with auditor level and frequency of inspection (Ref. VF213e). 組織應(yīng)制定書面的審核程序，明確審核員標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及審核頻次要求。 – Top management at the plant SHALL conduct process control audits at least once per week. Delegation of this activity will not be accepted with the exception of extenuating circumstances. 工廠的最高管理者應(yīng)至少每周一次進(jìn)行過(guò)程控制審核，除非情有可原，否則不允許授權(quán)給他人。分層審核應(yīng)覆蓋所有的防錯(cuò)工序。 ? To bee or remain ISO/TS 16949:2022 certified, suppliers must meet all of the Customer Specific Requirements. 獲得或保持 ISO/TS 16949:2022的認(rèn)證，供應(yīng)商必須滿足所有的顧客特殊需求。 ? Increase interaction between plant management and line operators. 加強(qiáng)工廠管理和流水線操作員間可交換性。 ? Encourage work process standardization. 鼓勵(lì)工作過(guò)程的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。 ? Ensure continuous conformance thereby improving process stability and firsttime through capability. 確保連續(xù)的符合性，以提高過(guò)程的穩(wěn)定性和首次通過(guò)合格率。 ? It consists of regularly scheduled reviews of all elements in a manufacturing/assembly process to ensure that: 分層審核對(duì)制造業(yè) /裝配過(guò)程所有要素進(jìn)行定期評(píng)估， 以確保： – Equipment is being properly 。 product characteristics are audited more frequently to verify process conformance. ? 分層審核是一項(xiàng)由多個(gè)層次管理人員參與的質(zhì)量改進(jìn)過(guò)程。相反，不論是自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)還是手工制造，工作的核心內(nèi)容正在朝前期過(guò)程控制的基礎(chǔ)轉(zhuǎn)移。LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 1 LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 2 Driven by demands for zero defects and aggressive costreductions, the need for control of manufacturing processes has never been greater, especially in the automotive industry. In today’s business environment suppliers cannot rely on inspection of parts and remain cost petitive. Instead, the focus is swinging to the basics of proactive process control, for both automatic and humandependant tasks. Murray Sittsamer, The Luminous Group 受到零缺陷和大幅度成本降低要求的驅(qū)使，對(duì)于制造過(guò)程控制的需求變得空前強(qiáng)烈，尤其是在汽車工業(yè)。在當(dāng)今的商業(yè)環(huán)境中，供應(yīng)商不能依靠零部件的檢查并保持價(jià)格的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。 默里 斯特賽默， Luminous 公司 LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 3 What is a Layered Process Audit? 什么是分層審核？ LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 4 The Layered Process Audit is a tool that: 分層審核是一個(gè)工具： ? Reduces variation (both assignable and mon cause) 減少變差（包含指定的和一般的原因） ? Prevents process errors and operator mistakes 預(yù)防過(guò)程中的錯(cuò)誤和操作失誤 ? Improves and maintains discipline 改進(jìn)和維護(hù)工藝要求 ? Initiates Continuous Improvement actions 啟動(dòng)持續(xù)改進(jìn)措施 ? Reduces rework 減少返工 ? Reduces scrap and eliminates waste 減少?gòu)U料和消除浪費(fèi) ? Improves munication 加強(qiáng)交流 ? Instills and improves standardization 逐漸加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ? Improves overall Quality and reduces cost. 提高整體質(zhì)量和降低成本 ? Meets Customer Requirements 滿足客戶的需求 LPA Training Revision 2 (February 2022) 5 Layered Process Audits (LPA): 分層審核： ? A Layered Process Audit is a quality improvement process involving multiple layers of management. Key process amp。關(guān)鍵過(guò)程特性和產(chǎn)品特性將會(huì)被經(jīng)常審核，以驗(yàn)證過(guò)程的符合性。 – Error proofing is working. 防錯(cuò)裝置正常運(yùn)行 – Proper craftsmanship and