【正文】
二十世紀(jì)的八十年代已經(jīng)開始研究并且使用,但是限于當(dāng)時(shí)我國(guó)的市場(chǎng)需求,發(fā)展的速度太慢。 濱州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 2 國(guó)內(nèi)外車庫(kù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 我國(guó)的立體停車庫(kù)發(fā)展到今天已經(jīng)有 20多年的歷史。以傳統(tǒng)的地面停車位為改造的基礎(chǔ),引入以 PLC 為核心的微控單元,通過微控單元的控制實(shí)現(xiàn)車位的立體化移動(dòng),達(dá)到將平面車位升級(jí)到立體車 位。傳統(tǒng)的意義上停車場(chǎng)即為地面停車場(chǎng),需要占用較多的土地,浪費(fèi)較多的資源。毫無疑問在寸土如金的一線城市,立體停車庫(kù)已經(jīng)成為解決城市停車難問題的最佳選擇。 課題的提出及意義 進(jìn)入二十世紀(jì)以來,尤其是近幾年人民的生活質(zhì)量得到長(zhǎng)足的改善。截止到 2021 年,北京的機(jī)動(dòng)車保有量已經(jīng)突破 400 萬,但是在北京僅有 129 萬個(gè)經(jīng)營(yíng)性質(zhì)的停車位。不僅像北京、上海、廣州、深圳這樣的一線城市無法滿足“一車一位”的要求,就連成都、杭州等二線城市的車均擁有停車滿足率也還不到 25%。但是,隨著汽車保有量的快速增長(zhǎng),在中國(guó)的各大城市中普遍存在著交通擁擠的現(xiàn)象,尤其是發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū),停車越來越難。為以后研究普通住宅小區(qū)中的立體停車庫(kù)具有重要的借鑒意義。其中包括 PLC 的選型和 PLC 的工作步驟、工作原理 、工作特點(diǎn)的介紹。介紹了立體停車庫(kù)的系統(tǒng)組成,其中詳細(xì)的介紹了硬件組成和軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)部分。通過對(duì)比各種立體停車庫(kù)的特點(diǎn),得出升降橫移式立體停車庫(kù)是普通家用住宅小區(qū)中的最佳選擇,并詳細(xì)的說明了所要設(shè)計(jì)的普通家用住宅小區(qū)中升降橫移式立體停車庫(kù)的工作原理。濱州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 1 基于 PLC的立體停車庫(kù)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘要 分析了各種立體停車庫(kù)的 結(jié)構(gòu)。其中包括對(duì)停車系統(tǒng)原理、類型及特點(diǎn)的概述。闡明了立體停車庫(kù)的運(yùn)動(dòng)特點(diǎn)和功能需求,確定了控制系統(tǒng)的總體方案。探討了運(yùn)用可編程控制器 PLC 實(shí)現(xiàn)立體停車庫(kù)控制系統(tǒng)的方法和步驟。根據(jù)立體停車庫(kù)的工作過程,繪制了 PLC 控制立體停車庫(kù)的工作流程圖,并編寫 了程序框圖。 關(guān)鍵詞 : PLC, 自動(dòng)控制 , 立體停車 , 升降橫移 濱州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 2 The Design of a Stereo Garage System Based on PLC Abstract This paper analyzed the structure of a variety of parking garages. It includes the parking systems theory, an overview of the type and characteristics. By paring the characteristics of a variety of solid garage, we draw a conclusion that parking garage can lift and transfer is the best choice for Ordinary household plot. In addition, it described how the new Stereo Garage System works in detail. Then, it illustrates the movement characteristics and functional requirements of this new solid garage. Again, the general scheme of the control system has determined. It introduced the ponents of the Stereo Garage and described the hardware and software ponents in detail. It explored the methods and procedures to achieve this new parking garage that controlled by the programmable logic controller PLC. Throughout this article, including selection, work steps, working principle and work characteristics of the PLC. According to the working process of solid garage, I draw a whole flowchart of the parking garage based on PLC and wrote the block diagram. This new solid garage has an important reference for the research of parking garage in the future. Key words: PLC, Automatic control, Parking, Lifting and Transferring 濱州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) I 目 錄 第一章 緒論 ....................................................................................................................... 1 課題研究背景 .............................................................................................................. 1 課題的提出及意義 ...................................................................................................... 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外車庫(kù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................................... 2 第二章 立體車庫(kù)總述 ....................................................................................................... 3 立體停車庫(kù)的分類及特點(diǎn) ........................................................................................... 3 車庫(kù)的選型 .................................................................................................................. 6 升降橫移式立體車庫(kù)的結(jié)構(gòu)組成 .............................................................................. 7 主框架部分 ............................................................................................................... 7 載車板部分 ............................................................................................................... 7 傳動(dòng)部分 ................................................................................................................... 7 控制部分 ................................................................................................................... 8 車庫(kù)整體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與運(yùn)行說明 .................................................................................. 8 小結(jié) .............................................................................................................................. 8 第三章 升降橫移式立體車庫(kù)系 統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................... 9 動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................. 9 檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................ 10 利用光電傳感器的檢測(cè) .......................................................................................... 10 載車板到位的檢測(cè) ................................................................................................. 12 本章小結(jié) .................................................................................................................... 12 第四章 基于 PLC 的控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................... 13 PLC 的控制過程 ......................................................................................................... 13 控制板設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................ 14 I/O 口的分配 ............................................................................................................... 15 PLC 的選型 ................................................................................................................. 16 濱州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) II PLC 外圍接線圖 ......................................................................................................... 16 PLC 程序編寫 .......................................................................................................... 18 本章小結(jié) .................................................................................................................... 19 第五章 結(jié)論 ..................................................................................................................... 20 參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................................................................................... 21 謝辭 ..............................................................................