【正文】 ...........26 選定塔板形式和塔板數(shù)及其計(jì)算草圖 ....................................................26 確定塔板型式和塔板數(shù) ....................................................................26 常壓分餾塔計(jì)算草圖 ........................................................................27 確定常壓塔各關(guān)鍵部位操作壓力 ............................................................28 確定汽化段溫度 ........................................................................................29 IV 汽化段油汽分壓 ................................................................................29 汽化段溫度的初步求定 ....................................................................29 tF的校核 .............................................................................................30 確定塔底溫度 ............................................................................................31 全塔熱平衡及回流熱的分配 ..................................................................31 假設(shè)塔頂及各側(cè)線溫度 ..................................................................31 回流熱 ..............................................................................................32 回流方式及回流熱分配 ..................................................................32 側(cè)線及塔頂溫度校核 ..............................................................................33 裂化原料抽出板（第 10 層）溫度校核 ........................................33 常二柴油板（第 22 層）溫度校核 ................................................35 常一線（第 36 層）重石腦油抽出板溫度 ...................................37 塔頂溫度 .........................................................................................39 有代表性塔板的汽液負(fù)荷的計(jì)算 ..........................................................39 汽提段汽液負(fù)荷： .........................................................................39 汽化段汽液負(fù)荷 .............................................................................39 第 5 層板熱平衡 .............................................................................40 第二中段回流抽出板（第 17 層）的熱平衡 ...............................41 第二中段回流抽出板（第 21 層）的熱平衡 ...............................42 第一中段回流抽出板（第 31 層）的熱平衡 ...............................44 第一中段回流抽出板（第 35 層）的熱平衡 ...............................45 第 45 層板汽液負(fù)荷 .......................................................................47 汽液負(fù)荷分布 ..........................................................................................48 汽液負(fù)荷表 .....................................................................................48 汽液負(fù)荷圖 .....................................................................................50 第 3 章 常壓塔設(shè)備尺寸確定及水利學(xué)校核 ...........................................................51 確定塔徑 ....................................................................................................51 計(jì)算塔徑 ...........................................................................................51 塔高確定 ....................................................................................................52 V 溢流裝置 ....................................................................................................53 堰長、出口堰高 ...............................................................................53 弓形降液管寬度和中間降液管寬度和面積 ...................................53 閥孔數(shù)目的確定及布置形式 ...........................................................54 塔板流體力學(xué)校核 ....................................................................................56 氣體通過浮閥塔板的壓力降 ...........................................................56 液泛情況 ...........................................................................................57 霧沫夾帶情況 ...................................................................................57 塔板負(fù)荷性能圖 ...............................................................................59 第 4 章 常壓塔設(shè)備尺寸及工藝計(jì)算匯總 ...............................................................62 參 考 文 獻(xiàn) ...............................................................................................................63 遼寧石油化工 大學(xué) 繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 1 300萬噸 /年原油常壓塔工藝設(shè)計(jì) 與計(jì)算 第 1 章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 我國煉油的現(xiàn)狀 中國煉油工業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀 當(dāng)前人類正面臨著可持續(xù)發(fā)展的考驗(yàn)，我國政府也提出了要建設(shè)節(jié)約型社會(huì)的宏偉目標(biāo)。 Distil。 此常壓塔分為 46層塔板，進(jìn)料段以下為條型浮閥，塔盤 42 層，進(jìn)料段以下為浮閥塔盤，塔盤 4層，一線抽出板為第 36層，一中抽出板為第 32層，二線抽出板為第 22層，二中抽出板為第 18層，三線抽出板第 10 層。塔頂回流、一中、二中回流分配比分別為 40%、 25%、 35%。 設(shè)計(jì)中，為了使塔內(nèi)各段熱負(fù)荷均勻，設(shè)置可二個(gè)中段回流。 I 摘 要 本設(shè)計(jì)為 300萬噸 /年常壓 塔 工藝設(shè)計(jì) 與計(jì)算 。本設(shè)計(jì)的主要工作為常壓塔工藝設(shè)計(jì)、塔設(shè)備尺寸確定及水利學(xué)校核。對(duì)常壓塔的閃蒸段溫度，塔底汽提用量及取熱分配等諸項(xiàng)操作條件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。第一中段回流取熱 ，第二中段回流取熱 ，進(jìn)料為 365625KG/h，塔底汽提蒸汽，塔頂輕石腦油 ，塔頂冷回流 ，常一線，常二線為 ，常三線 ，塔底重油。 關(guān)鍵詞：常減壓裝置 ； 蒸餾 ； 設(shè)計(jì) II Abstract These design for 300t/y crude oil unit processingair distillation part. The design basis data supply from petroleum refining station of the luoyang petrifaction engineering 《 The appreciate of the Liaohe mingled crude》 . The major word of these designing is process design of atmospheric the distillation tower, determining the tower equipment size and proofing of water conservation. In this designing, in order to uniform each segment hotload in this tower, as a result of reclaim the whole oil vapour internal latent heat of the top of tower nistead of set up circulating reflux of the atmospheric distillation. Because of flash section temperature of atmostpheric distillation, it process the optimization of the steam stripping volume in tower bottomand heat distribution. The partition ratio of top of tower circumfluence、 one media circumfluence, two media circumfluence partingly is 40%、 25%、 35%. Taken hot by the first intermediate reflux is by the second intermediate reflux is stripping steam of the tower bottom tower atmospheric distillation tower the 2nd siding. It is distillation tower the 3rd siding. It is This atmospheric distillation tower split into fortysix layer tower tray. Feeding section hereinafter is rectangular valve and tray is 42