【正文】 60176。 small drop of oil flow pressure.) Cooler, pumps etc., a stripper for the side products in the atmospheric tower outside. Simple process, less investment and operating costs. In this kind of crude oil distillation unit, can get several fractions of 350360 ℃ before, can be used as naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, light diesel oil, heavy diesel oil products, also can be used as renormalization industry (such as naphtha cracking) devices such as raw material. Bottom heavy oil can be used for steel or other industrial fuel residue. In certain circumstances can also be used as catalytic cracking or hydrocracking feedstock makeup set. This design with 31 blocks of floating valve tray, tray spacing of , the diameter of the column , tower height . Heat transfer process is through the 12 heat and meet the technological requirements, the heat transfer efficiency is %, this design uses Aspen Plus for the material and heat field calculation and optimization, using CAD to plete the flow chart and atmospheric tower rendering.Keywords: vacuum；distillation tower；distillation product；heat balanceIV 目 錄摘要 IAbstract II前言 11 原油及其產(chǎn)品的性質(zhì) 6 綜述 6 處理量： 6： 6 原油的種類、性質(zhì) 6 數(shù)據(jù)處理 7 各種餾出產(chǎn)品的性質(zhì) 102 塔工藝參數(shù)的選取 16 原油精餾塔計算草圖求取 16 16 塔板型適合塔板數(shù) 16 精餾塔計算草圖 16 操作壓力的確定 17 18 汽化段溫度 18 進(jìn)料在汽化段中的焓 18 塔底溫度 193 塔頂及側(cè)線溫度的假設(shè)與回流熱分配 21 全塔回流熱 21 21 全塔回流熱 21. 流熱分配 21 側(cè)線及塔頂溫度的校準(zhǔn) 22 柴油抽出板（第18層）溫度 22 煤油抽出板（第9層）溫度 23 塔頂溫度 244 結(jié)論 27參考文獻(xiàn) 29致 謝 30遼寧石油化工大學(xué)繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院論文1前言石油又稱原油，是從地下深處開采的棕黑色可燃粘稠液體。關(guān)鍵詞：減壓蒸餾 ；常壓塔 ；餾出產(chǎn)品；熱平衡 IDaqing 300000 tons of crude oil process designAbstract This design is the basic of atmospheric distillation for the annual handling capacity of 300000 tons of crude oil from Daqing. Spread from the 2008 global financial crisis worldwide, the global modity prices, especially oil or a be struck dumb. In addition, as world oil prices generally higher, the only the largest deficit industry, petrochemical industry, is facing severe challenges, so must the new breakthrough in petrochemical process. A crude oil atmospheric distillation as a crude oil processing technology, plays an important role in the crude oil processing process, has play a decisive role position in refinery, its operation has a direct influence on the subsequent processing process. Design of separation equipment important atmospheric tower one, is the key to obtain high yield, high quality oil. In recent years, atmospheric and vacuum distillation technology and experience of management innovation, device energy consumption significantly, improve product quality. But pared with foreign advanced level, there are still large gaps. In order to improve oil production capacity, with less investment, low energy consumption, high efficiency thought distillation design for Daqing mixed crude oil. The basic scheme of the design is: This design uses the atmospheric tower, atmospheric tower to take bilateral line, atmospheric pressure tower to produce gasoline, two lateral line were producing kerosene, diesel oil, heavy oil tower bottom. A vaporization distillation unit in an atmospheric tower design, the device consists of a furnace, an atmospheric tower and a number of heat exchangers heat transfer process should be improved to meet the requirements: full use of waste heat。在某些特定的情況下也可以作催化裂化或加氫裂化裝置的原料。原油在這 樣的蒸餾裝置下，可以得到 350360℃以前的幾個餾分，可以用作 石腦油、汽油、煤油、輕柴油、重柴油產(chǎn)品，也可分別作為重整化工（如輕油裂解）等裝置的原料。冷凝冷卻器、機(jī)泵等組成，在常壓塔外側(cè) 為側(cè)線產(chǎn)品設(shè)汽提塔。設(shè)計的基本方案是：本設(shè)計采用常壓塔，常壓塔采取雙側(cè)線，常壓塔塔頂生產(chǎn)汽油，兩個側(cè)線分別生產(chǎn)煤油，柴油，塔底為重油。但與國外先進(jìn)水平相比，仍存在較大的差距。其中重要的分離設(shè)備—常壓塔的設(shè)計，是能否獲得高收率、高質(zhì)量油的關(guān)鍵。此外，隨著世界油價的普遍走高，全國唯一逆差最大的行業(yè)石化行業(yè)，面對著嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，所以必須要在石化工藝上出新的突破。遼寧石油化工大學(xué)繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院論文 30萬噸大慶原油常壓工藝設(shè)計摘要 本次設(shè)計基本是針對年處理量30萬噸大慶原油的常壓蒸餾設(shè)計。自2008全球金融危機(jī)在全世界范圍內(nèi)蔓延開來，全球的物價，尤其是石油漲幅令人瞠目結(jié)舌。原油常壓蒸餾作為原油的一次加工工藝，在原油加工總流程中占有重要作用，在煉廠具有舉足輕重的地位，其運行的好壞直接影響到后續(xù)的加工過程。近年來常減壓蒸餾技術(shù)和管理經(jīng)驗不斷創(chuàng)新，裝置節(jié)能消耗顯著，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量提高。為了更好地提高原油的生產(chǎn)能力，本著投資少，能耗低，效益高的思想對大慶混合原油進(jìn)行常壓蒸餾設(shè)計。設(shè)計了一個常壓塔一段汽化蒸餾裝置，此裝置由一臺管式加熱爐、一個常壓塔以及若干臺換熱器完善的換熱流程應(yīng)達(dá)到要求：充分利用各種余熱；換熱器的換熱強(qiáng)度較大； 原油流動壓力降較小。流程簡單，投資和操作費用較少。蒸余的塔底重油可作鋼鐵或其它工業(yè)的燃料。本次設(shè)計共用 31塊浮閥塔板，%,另外本設(shè)計利用了Aspen Plus進(jìn)行了物料和熱量方面核算及優(yōu)化，利用CAD完成了流程圖和常壓塔的繪制工作。 heat exchanger strength。石油是古代海洋或湖泊中的生物經(jīng)過漫長的演化形成的混合物，與煤一樣屬于化石燃料。C），沸點范圍為常溫到500176。 組成石油的化學(xué)元素主要是碳 （83% 87%）、氫（11% 14%），其余為硫（%～%）、氮（% %）、氧（% %）及微量金屬元素（鎳、