【正文】 general industr ial use of plastics processing machinery, the pressure of machinery, machine 2 tools, etc.。在 1955 年前后 , 日本迅速發(fā)展液壓傳動(dòng) ,1956 年成立了“液壓工業(yè)會(huì)”。s fast hydraulic transmission, a world leader. 第二次世界大戰(zhàn) (19411945)期間 ,在美國(guó)機(jī)床中有 30%應(yīng)用了液壓傳動(dòng)。 The Second World War (19411945) period, in the United States 30% of machine tool applications in the hydraulic transmission. It should be noted that the development of hydraulic transmission in Japan than Europe and the United States and other countries for nearly 20 years later. Before and after in 1955, the rapid development of Japan39。 20 世紀(jì)初康斯坦丁?尼斯克 (G?Constantimsco)對(duì)能量波動(dòng)傳遞所進(jìn)行的理論及實(shí)際研究 。液壓元件大約在 19 世紀(jì)末 20 世紀(jì)初的 20 年間，才開始進(jìn)入正規(guī)的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)階段。 After the World War I (19141918) ,because of the extensive application of hydraulic transmission, espec ially after 1920, more rapid development. Hydraulic ponents in the late 19th century about the early 20th century, 20 years, only started to enter the formal phase of industrial production. 1925 Vickers (F. Vikers) the invention of the pressure balanced vane pump, hydraulic ponents for the modern industrial or hydraulic transmission of the gradual establishment of the foundation. The early 20th century G ? Constantimscofluct uations of the energy carried out by passing theoretical and practical research。s first hydraulic press. Media work in 1905 will be replaced by oilwater and further improved. 液壓傳動(dòng)和氣壓傳動(dòng)稱為流體 傳動(dòng)，是根據(jù) 17 世紀(jì)帕斯卡提出的液體靜壓力傳動(dòng)原理而發(fā)展起來(lái)的一門新興技術(shù)， 1795年英國(guó)約瑟夫?布拉曼 (Joseph Braman,17491814)，在倫敦用水作為工作介質(zhì)，以水壓機(jī)的形式將其應(yīng)用于工業(yè)上，誕生了世界上第一臺(tái)水壓機(jī)。 1 Hydraulic System 液壓系統(tǒng) Hydraulic presser drive and air pressure drive hydraulic fluid as the transmission is made according to the 17th century, Pascal39。s principle of hydrostatic pressure to drive the development of an emerging technology, the United Kingdom in 1795 ? Braman Joseph (Joseph Braman ,17491814), in London water as a medium to form hydraulic press used in industry, the birth of the world39。 1905年將工作介質(zhì)水改為油，又進(jìn)一步得到改善。 in 1910 on the hydraulic trans mission (hydraulic coupling, hydraulic torque converter, etc.) contributions, so that these two areas of develo pment. 第一次世界大戰(zhàn) (19141918)后液壓傳動(dòng)廣泛應(yīng)用，特別是 1920年以后，發(fā)展更為迅速。 1925 年維克斯 ()發(fā)明了壓力平衡式葉片泵 ,為近代液壓元件工業(yè)或液壓傳動(dòng)的逐步建立奠定了基礎(chǔ)。1910 年對(duì)液力傳動(dòng) (液力聯(lián)軸節(jié)、液力變矩器等 )方面的貢獻(xiàn)，使這兩方面領(lǐng)域得到了發(fā)展。s hydraulic drive, set up in 1956, Hydraulic Industry. Nearly 20 to 30 years, the development of Japan39。應(yīng)該指出 ,日本液壓傳動(dòng)的發(fā)展較歐美等國(guó)家晚了近 20 多年。近 20~30 年間，日本液壓傳動(dòng)發(fā)展之快，居世界領(lǐng)先地位。 operating machinery engineering machinery, construction machinery, agricultural machinery, automobiles, etc.。 civil water projects with flo od control and dam gate devices, bed lifts installations, bridges and other manipulation of institutions。 ship from the deck heavy machinery (winch), the bow doors, bulkhead valve, stern thruster, etc.。 militaryindustrial control devices used in artillery, ship anti rolling devices, aircraft simulation, aircraft retractable landing gear and rudder control devices and other devi ces. 液壓傳動(dòng)有許多突出的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因此它的應(yīng)用非常廣泛，如一般工業(yè)用的塑料加工機(jī)械、壓力機(jī)械、機(jī)床等；行走機(jī)械中的工程機(jī)械、建筑機(jī)械、農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械、汽車等；鋼鐵工業(yè)用的冶金機(jī)械、提升裝置、軋輥調(diào)整裝置等；土木水利工程用的防洪閘門及堤壩裝置、河床升降裝置、橋梁操縱機(jī)構(gòu)等；發(fā)電廠渦輪機(jī)調(diào)速裝置、核發(fā)電廠等等；船舶用的甲板起重機(jī)械（絞車）、船頭門、艙壁閥、船尾推進(jìn)器等；特殊技術(shù)用的巨型天線控制裝置、測(cè)量浮標(biāo)、升降旋轉(zhuǎn)舞臺(tái)等；軍事工業(yè)用的火炮操縱裝置、船舶減搖裝置、飛行器仿真、飛機(jī)起落架的收放裝置和方向舵控制裝置等。 The role of dynamic ponents of the original motive fluid into mechanical energy to the pressure that the hydraulic system of pumps, it is to power the entire hydraulic system. The structure of the form of hydra ulic pump gears are generally pump, vane pump and piston pump. 動(dòng)力元件的作用是將原動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)換成 液體的壓力能，指液壓系統(tǒng)中的油泵，它向整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)提供動(dòng)力。 Implementation of ponents (such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors) which is the pressure of the liquid can be converted to mechanical energy to drive the load for a straight line reciprocating movement or rotational movement. 執(zhí)行元件 (如液壓缸和液壓馬達(dá) )的作用是將液體的壓力能轉(zhuǎn)換為機(jī)械能，驅(qū)動(dòng)負(fù)載作直線往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)或回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)。 flow