【正文】 , can cause or exacerbate friction hydraulic ponent wear, and further lead to leakage. 在液壓系統(tǒng)及其系統(tǒng)中，密封裝置用來防止工作介質(zhì)的泄漏及外界灰塵和異物的侵入。其中起密封作用的元件，即密封件。外漏會(huì)造成工作介質(zhì)的浪費(fèi)，污染機(jī)器和環(huán)境，甚至 引起機(jī)械操作失靈及設(shè)備人身事故。內(nèi)漏會(huì)引起液壓系統(tǒng)容積效率急劇下降，達(dá)不到所需要的工作壓力，甚至不能進(jìn)行工作。侵入系統(tǒng)中的微小灰塵顆粒，會(huì)引起或加劇液壓元件摩擦副的磨損，進(jìn)一步導(dǎo)致泄漏。 Therefore, seals and sealing device is an important hydraulic equipment ponents. The reliability of its work and life, is a measure of the hydraulic system an important indicator of good or bad. In addition to the closed space, are the use of seals, so that two adjacent coupling surface of the gap between the need to control the liquid can be sealed following the smallest gap. In the contact seal, pressed into selfsealstyle and selfstyled selftight seal (ie, sealed lips) two. 因此，密封件和密封裝置是液壓設(shè)備的一個(gè)重要組成部分。它的工作的可靠性和使用壽命，是衡量液壓系統(tǒng)好壞的一個(gè)重要指標(biāo)。除間隙密封外，都是利用密封件，使相鄰兩個(gè)偶合表面間的間隙控制在需要密封的液體能通過的最小間隙以下。在接觸式密封中，分為自封式壓緊型密封和自封式自緊 6 型密封（即唇形密封）兩種。 The three hydraulic system diseases 液壓系統(tǒng)的三 大頑疾 1, as a result of heat transmission medium (hydraulic oil) in the flow velocity in various parts of the existence of different, resulting in the existence of a liquid within the internal friction of liquids and pipelines at the sam e time there is friction between the inner wall, which are a result of hydraulic the reasons for the oil tempera ture. Temperature will lead to increased internal and external leakage, reducing its mechanical efficiency. At the same time as a result of high temperature, hydraulic oil expansion will occur, resulting in increased pression, so that action can not be very good control of transmission. Solution: heat is the inherent characte ristics of the hydraulic system, not only to minimize eradication. Use a good quality hydraulic oil, hydraulic piping arrangement should be avoided as far as possible the emergence of bend, the use of highquality pipe and fittings, hydraulic valves, etc. 發(fā)熱 由于傳力介質(zhì)（液壓油）在流動(dòng)過程中存在各部位流速的不同，導(dǎo)致液體內(nèi)部存在一定的內(nèi)摩擦，同時(shí)液體和管路內(nèi)壁之間也存在摩擦，這些都是導(dǎo)致液壓油溫度升高的原因。溫 度升高將導(dǎo)致內(nèi)外泄漏增大，降低其機(jī)械效率。同時(shí)由于較高的溫度，液壓油會(huì)發(fā)生膨脹，導(dǎo)致壓縮性增大，使控制動(dòng)作無法很好的傳遞。解決辦法：發(fā)熱是液壓系統(tǒng)的固有特征，無法根除只能盡量減輕。使用質(zhì)量好的液壓油、液壓管路的布置中應(yīng)盡量避免彎頭的出現(xiàn)、使用高質(zhì)量的管路以及管接頭、液壓閥等。 2, the vibration of the vibration of the hydraulic system is also one of its malaise. As a result of hydraulic oil in the pipeline flow of highspeed impact and the control valve to open the closure of the impact of the process are the reasons for the vibration system. Strong vibration control action will cause the system to error, the system will also be some of the more sophisticated equipment error, resulting in system failures. Solutions: hydraulic pipe should be fixed to avoid sharp bends. To avoid frequent changes in flow direction, can not avoid damping measures should be doing a good job. The entire hydraulic system should have a good damping measures, while avoiding the external local oscillator on the system. 振動(dòng) 液壓系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)也是其痼疾之一。由于液壓油在管路中的高速流動(dòng)而產(chǎn)生的沖擊以及控制閥打開關(guān)閉過程中產(chǎn)生的沖擊都是系統(tǒng)發(fā)生振動(dòng)的原因。強(qiáng)的振動(dòng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)控制動(dòng)作發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤，也會(huì)使系統(tǒng)中一些較為精密的儀器發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)故障。解決辦法：液壓管路應(yīng)盡量固定，避免出現(xiàn)急彎。避免頻繁改變液流方向，無法避免時(shí)應(yīng)做好減 振措施。整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)應(yīng)有良好的減振措施，同時(shí)還要避免外來振源對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響。 3, the leakage of the hydraulic system leak into inside and outside the leakage leakage. Leakage refers to the process with the leak occurred in the system, such as hydraulic pistoncylinder on both sides of the leakage, the control valve spool and valve body, such as between the leakage. Although no internal leakage of hydra ulic fluid loss, but due to leakage, the control of the established movements may be affected until the cause system failures. Outside means the occurrence of leakage in the system and the leakage between the external environment. Direct leakage of hydraulic oil into the environment, in addition to the system will affect the working environment, not enough pressure will cause the system to trigger a fault. 7 Leakage into the enviro nment of the hydraulic oil was also the danger of fire. Soluti