多囊性腎臟病變ppt課件-文庫吧資料
2024-11-21 02:55本頁面
【正文】 enal failure.,Terminology,● Cystic dysplasia—dysplastic kidneys can be unilateral or bilateral, usually contain cysts and are disorganized, containing ectopic tissue such as cartilage and muscle. They may function.Ultrasonically they usually appear small and echogenic with small peripheral cortical cysts. While dysplastic kidneys are often hypoplastic, not all small kidneys are dysplastic. The clinical features are very variable from a normal appearing neonate to a very dysmorphic infant. Dysplastic kidneys are associated with urinary tract obstruction, and many syndromes are associated with cystic dysplastic kidneys. Bilateral renal dysplasia will result in progressive renal failure.,● Polycystic kidney disease refers to two conditions: autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease and autosomal dominant renal disease.,—Autosomal recessive polycystic kidneys were previously known as infantile polycystic kidneys. Confusingly these kidneys appear highly echogenic on ultrasound. There is generalized dilation of the collecting tubules. —Autosomal dominant renal disease was previously known as adult polycystic kidney disease. Cysts develop anywhere along the nephron.,The ultimate diagnosis of the cystic renal disorder is not dependent on any one imaging modality and will depend on many factors. Sources of information when trying to come to the diagnosis should be collated from many areas, such as:,● obstetric history of the mother ● prenatal history and fetal ultrasonography ● family history information ● clinical examination of the child ● radiology of patient and parents ● laboratory data, for example DNA ● pathology if a biopsy is taken or from any other family members that may have had a biopsy or nephrectomy in the past.,Ultrasound is still the imaging modality of choice in children, and the findings on ultrasound will direct further imaging as required. The ultrasound approach to any cystic renal disease in children must include observations about the following, which should be carefully stated in the ultrasound report.,● unilatera
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