【正文】 ust passing one examination has turned your head pletelyyou?re like a toad trying to swallow a swan!”寶釵笑道：“我說你得隴望蜀呢。壯得像頭牛as strong as a horse聰明無比as wise as an owl膽小如鼠as timid as a hare急得像熱鍋上的螞蟻as nervous as a cat on a hot tin roof海底撈針to look for a needle in a haystack想是翟家這奴才，走下鄉(xiāng)狐假虎威著實(shí)恐嚇了他一場(chǎng)。At the signal to begin, they fell to with their chopsticks, like a whirlwind scattering wisps of half the food had gone before they noticed that Chou Chin had not eaten a ，閉月羞花之貌。You want the horse to run fast and you don?t let it ，一起舉箸，卻如風(fēng)卷殘?jiān)埔话?，遭去了一半。奈達(dá)：最好的翻譯應(yīng)該讀起來不像翻譯。一見面是寒暄，寒暄之后說我“胖了”，說我“胖了”之后即大罵其新黨。思悠悠，恨悠悠，恨到歸時(shí)方始休，月明人倚樓。嘴上無毛,說話不牢。文化空缺不僅體現(xiàn)在詞匯層面，還體現(xiàn)在語言層面。雞年是我的本命年。文化的差異給翻譯帶來的困難詞匯空缺詞義沖突聯(lián)想意義不同詞匯空缺我屬雞?！彼谐留~落雁之容，閉月羞花之貌?！盙racious Buddha!” chuckled.“How terrible chancy!You might wait for ten years without such a run of luck.”God bless my soul!” Zhou Rui?s wife exclaimed.“You would certainly need some patience!Why, you might wait ten years before getting all those things at the proper times.”寶釵笑道：“我說你得隴望蜀呢。all at seaburn one?s boatssail before the windkeep one?s head above waterto sink or swimto go with the streamto clear the decksall at seaplain sailingto rest on one?s oarsto spend money like waterHow many winter days have I seen him, standing bluenosed in the snow and east I pare thee to a summer?s day Thou art more lovely and more strong as a horse老黃牛work like a horse狐朋狗黨狗急跳墻 狼心狗肺 狗腿子狗嘴里吐不出象牙lucky dogEvery dog has his me, love my dogs never 巧媳婦做不出沒米的飯，叫我怎么樣呢？Even the cleverest housewife can?t cook a meal without do you expect me to do?I don?t see what I am supposed to do without any the cleverest housewife can?t make bread without 天下真有這樣標(biāo)致的人物，我今兒才算見了！況且這通身的氣派，竟不像老祖宗的外孫女兒，竟是個(gè)嫡親的孫女，怨不得老祖宗天天口頭心頭一時(shí)不忘，只可憐我這妹妹這樣命苦，怎么姑媽偏就去世了！謀事在人，成事在天。Susan BassnettTo do translation, you have to be both a bilingual and a bicultural.（1）ecological culture（2）material culture（3）social culture（4）religious culture（5）linguistic cultureecological culture揮金如土 ；瑞雪兆豐年；揠苗助長(zhǎng)；解甲歸田；瓜熟蒂落；俯首甘為孺子牛 ；黔驢技窮；人心齊，泰山移；不到黃河心不死，不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。40, who likes to go dancing and have a good am social 50?s and 80?s and country music, dancing, dining out, cookouts, sense of humor but also a serious send photo and phone , 31, 5?6??, blonde and tan!Seeking sun loving male, be affectionate, honest, also can get wild and crazy!Interests: Romantic weekends, beaches, fishing, camping, cuddling, auto races, barbecues, flea for friendship or relationship? Enjoy summer activities? Pick up that pen and write！Photo and phone ，它包括知識(shí)，信仰，藝術(shù)，道德，法律，風(fēng)俗，以及其余社會(huì)上習(xí)得的能力與習(xí)慣。女，48歲，有婚史，獨(dú)居，初中文化，體健貌端，氣質(zhì)高雅，在某市工作，覓60歲以下（大中城市），65歲以下（海外），開朗大方，經(jīng)濟(jì)條件優(yōu)裕的男士為伴。當(dāng)過軍人，記者，城市有私人豪華住宅（帶泳池）及轎車。因此，在翻譯企業(yè)推介文本時(shí)，應(yīng)充分考慮譯本受眾的接受傾向，采取恰當(dāng)?shù)姆g策略。他們獻(xiàn)身教育，殫思竭慮，為撐起教育的脊梁，托起明天的太陽。三十多年來，一批批德才兼?zhèn)涞慕虒W(xué)，科研和管理人員匯集在這里，懷著振興天津，振興教育的希冀，在這塊土地上默默地耕耘。公司將一如既往地堅(jiān)持“信譽(yù)第一，用戶至上”的宗旨，不僅以更多的高質(zhì)量，高品位，高檔次的新產(chǎn)品滿足市場(chǎng)，而且以良好的作風(fēng)，為廣大用戶提供一流的全過程的服務(wù)。公司先后被授予“全國工程建設(shè)管理先進(jìn)單位”，“全國先進(jìn)建筑施工企業(yè)”，“全國思想政治工作優(yōu)秀企業(yè)”榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)，連年被遼寧省信譽(yù)評(píng)級(jí)委員會(huì)評(píng)定為特級(jí)（AAA）信譽(yù)企業(yè)。2002年取得“鐵路工程施工總承包特級(jí)”主項(xiàng)資質(zhì)，進(jìn)入全國99家特級(jí)企業(yè)行列。企業(yè)資產(chǎn)總值XXX億多元，年施工能力XXX億元以上，擁有各類大中型施工機(jī)械設(shè)備XXX臺(tái)（套），擁有世界先進(jìn)，國內(nèi)一流的隧道，橋梁，鋪架高等級(jí)公路和大型圖示方機(jī)械化施工生產(chǎn)線，在全國500家最大經(jīng)營規(guī)模建筑企業(yè)排序中名列第XXX位。劍南春中鐵XXX局集團(tuán)有限公司是一支修建鐵路，公路，承擔(dān)市政建設(shè)，工業(yè)與民用建筑，設(shè)備安裝，火電，水利水電，機(jī)場(chǎng)，港口，礦山建筑與安裝的大型專業(yè)施工隊(duì)伍?！皠δ洗骸睔v史悠久，唐人李肇《國史補(bǔ)》一書已有記載。飲后令人神聲清爽，有通胃祛勞之功，歷為廣大群眾所喜愛。1910年西鳳酒參加南洋賽酒會(huì)獲獎(jiǎng)，隨獲世界聲譽(yù)。本品清香純正，醇甜綿柔，爽凈協(xié)調(diào)，余味悠長(zhǎng)，實(shí)為宴朋贈(zèng)友之上品精制老北京二鍋頭。已具百年歷史，因具獨(dú)特風(fēng)格而蜚聲華夏。因此，英語企業(yè)推介文本行文簡(jiǎn)潔直接，信息明確，邏輯條理清楚，一目了然。英語不示人以其藝術(shù)性的藝術(shù)是最高的藝術(shù)。大量渲染烘托，夸大煽情。語言漢語修辭講究詞句整齊對(duì)仗，聲韻和諧。我國的簡(jiǎn)介在內(nèi)容上常常千篇一律，一般都是包括企業(yè)的經(jīng)營性質(zhì)，注冊(cè)資金，從業(yè)人員，廠房占地面積，產(chǎn)品介紹，獲獎(jiǎng)情況等。企業(yè)推介文本屬于呼喚型文本，其翻譯的核心是傳遞信息，感染受眾。Singapore, the smallest nation in Asia, occupies a 225 square mile expanse of swamping, tropical islandsan area about the size of Trenton, New ，原是一片洼地，面積為225平方英里，遠(yuǎn)不如香港的一半大。The beautiful landscapes of Aba Prefecture feature towering snowclad mountains, crisscrossing rivers, and boundless forests and this fertile land are peculiar geological ruins, fantastic streams and waterfalls, alpine lakes, and Tibetan and Qiang The earliest recorded eruption of Vesuvius occurred in 79 destroyed ，摧毀了龐貝古城。阿壩州風(fēng)光秀麗，山河壯美。漢語講究四言八句，言辭華美，聲情并茂，詩情畫意盎然，情景相融，虛實(shí)相生，充滿了意境美，色彩美，音韻美，情感美，極大地迎合了中華民族的審美心理和欣賞習(xí)慣。英文旅游文體大多簡(jiǎn)潔，明了，客觀力求忠實(shí)再現(xiàn)自然。The Park of Sweet Osmanthus is noted for its profusion of from these trees in different colors are in full bloom, which pervade the whole garden with the fragrance of their islands are strung around the edge of the peninsula like a pearl necklace: hunks of coral reef, coconut palms and fine white ，緊密相連，像一串珍珠綴成的項(xiàng)鏈，環(huán)繞著半島邊緣。英漢旅游文本的差異滿樹金花，芳香四溢的金桂；花白如雪，香氣撲鼻的銀桂；紅里透黃，花多味濃的紫砂桂；花色似銀，季季有花的四季桂，竟相開放，爭(zhēng)妍媲美。旅游資料主要有兩個(gè)功能：一是傳遞信息；二是誘導(dǎo)行動(dòng)。英漢旅游文本對(duì)比與翻譯旅游文本包括旅游景點(diǎn)介紹，旅游宣傳廣告，旅游告示標(biāo)牌，民俗風(fēng)情畫冊(cè)等?？偠灾诰唧w的操作中，很少有文本是只有單純一種功能的，大部分文本都是以一種功能為主而其他二者兼而有之。Where there is a way for car, there is a ，有路必有豐田車。這是它大大不同于文學(xué)翻譯的地方。以目的語讀者為中心，順從譯文讀者的欣賞習(xí)慣和心理感受，盡量使用他們所熟悉的語言表達(dá)形式，減少信息交流與文化交流的障礙，去獲取譯文預(yù)期的效果。意在喚起讀者去體驗(yàn)去行動(dòng)，它更看重的是譯文的效果而不是原文。Question: 哪些體裁屬于呼喚型文本？廣告，包括商品，旅游廣告等對(duì)于呼喚型文本的翻譯來說，其目的在于誘導(dǎo)。Hijacked Jets Destroy Twin Towers and Hit ，美國國防部五角大樓也遭突襲。The contract was declared null and void by the petent 。因此，與一般的翻譯文本不同，在形式與內(nèi)容的關(guān)系上，它往往注重內(nèi)容而輕形式，為突出信息傳遞的效果不惜改變?cè)男问健?duì)于信息型文本（科技，法律，新聞）的翻譯來說，其側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于信息的準(zhǔn)確傳遞。Question: 哪些體裁屬于表達(dá)型文本？文學(xué)作品，私人書信等信息型文本中，信息傳達(dá)的“真實(shí)性”是這類文本的“核心”，而作者在文本中只是處于一種“匿名”的地位，作者的個(gè)人寫作手法，風(fēng)格或者個(gè)人成分不再重要。在這一過程中，譯者應(yīng)該根據(jù)客戶或委托人的要求，結(jié)合翻譯的目的和譯語讀者的具體情況，來決定原語文本信息的選擇，翻譯策略的運(yùn)用及譯文的表現(xiàn)形式，以滿足不同文本的功能。應(yīng)用文翻譯有別于文學(xué)翻譯。:The games of the 29th Olympiad in 2008 are awarded to the city of has been awarded the games of the 29th ,句尾信息核心原則(the Principle of Endfocus)不可遺忘。These problems should be resolved at an appropriate time with an appropriate ，以適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞郊右越鉀Q。The credit system in America was first adopted by Harvard University in 。E 有些英語被動(dòng)句被動(dòng)意義很弱，側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)或肯定某一事實(shí)或行為的存在，可按原句語序譯成漢語“是?.的”判斷句。D 轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語無主句。The lecture is considered very important for 。Friction can be reduced and the life of the machine prolonged by ,延長(zhǎng)機(jī)器壽命。On their domestic stati