【正文】 He hates you.（代詞）How many do you need? We need two.（數(shù)詞）We should help the old and the enjoy working with you.（動名詞）I hope to see you again.（不定式）Did you write down what he said?（賓語從句）2）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞——介賓Are you afraid of the snake?Under the snow, there are many ）雙賓語——間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）He gave me a book the poor man some 、賓補：對賓語的補充，全稱為賓語補足語。（以下例句按上述順序排列）I will go there meeting will be held in the meat went bad because of the hot studies hard to learn English didn’t study hard so that he failed in the like some of you very you study hard, you will pathe goes to school by he is young, he can do it 、謂語（predicate）：說明主語的動作、狀態(tài)和特征。2012年3月10日夜整理于宿舍第二篇：英語句子成分分析英語句子成分分析一、狀語：用來修飾v., adj., adv., or 句子。The crosstalk, I think, was both interesting and ，我覺得既有趣又能教育人。如： By the way, do you happen to know the young man’s name? 順便問一下，你知道那個年輕人的名字嗎？That’s the cheapest suit we have, I’m 。它可位于句首、句中或句末。（三）插入語在敘事中途往往插入一些詞語，對一句話作一些附加的解釋。如：Fire!Fire!Water!Quick!The house is on ！著火了！水！快！房子著火了！B、yes 和no在句子里也是一種獨立成分。Why, it is past ，已經(jīng)中午了。常用作感嘆語的感嘆詞有：hello, oh, well, why, alas, eh 等。Shylock, how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none? 夏洛克，如果你不寬恕別人，你自己怎能希望得到別人的寬恕呢？（二）感嘆語感嘆語表示喜怒哀樂等感情。它可以位于句首，也可以位于句末或句中。（主語補足語之前有時也可用介詞for。（用作主語補足語的名詞之前有as。（名詞性從句作主語補足語。（介詞短語作主語補足語。（過去分詞短語作主語補足語。（現(xiàn)在分詞短語作主語補足語。（不定式作主語補足語。（名詞作主語補足語。（主語補足語置于賓語之后，形成“主+謂+賓+主補”結(jié)構(gòu)。（主語補足語常置于謂語動詞之后，形成“主+謂+主補”結(jié)構(gòu)。（形容詞有時也置于主語之后，前后皆有逗號，與非限定性定語相似。（形容詞用作主語補足語常置于主語前。（八）主語補足語 英語中補足主語的意義的句子成分叫做主語補足語，常見的有形容詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、分詞、介詞、從句等。介詞短語作賓語補足語You should put your things in 。Aren’t you ashamed to have everybody laughing at you? 你弄得人們都笑你，難道不害臊？過去分詞（短語）作賓語補足語I had my watch mended in 。I saw him run 。注：當動詞hear, feel, make, watch, see, observe 等詞后面的賓語補足語是不定式時，在主動語態(tài)中，不定式前面的“to”必須省略；在被動語態(tài)中，不定式前面的“to”不能省略。They made him head of the 。He found the meeting over when he arrived ，發(fā)現(xiàn)會議已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。No one ever saw him ?？梢宰髻e補的有形容詞、副詞、名詞、不定式（短語）、現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）、過去分詞（短語）、介詞短語等。（七）賓語補足語 英語中有些及物動詞，除了要有一個直接賓語外，還要帶上賓語補足語，句子的意思才能完整。（11）伴隨狀語They are now at breakfast, talking about the plan for their ，談?wù)撝眯杏媱潯hey can hardly stay at home 。She almost forgot about the whole 。如：They have already done their 。This problem is difficult 。（9）程度狀語放在被修飾的詞之前，但enough一詞則放在形容詞之后。They succeeded in spite of all ，他們還是成功了。If it rained, I went by ，我就乘車走了。It continued raining all that day, so that I could not stir ，我沒法出去。He lit a fire so that he would be 。Having no money, he could not buy the TV ，他不能買電視機。如： I’ll meet him at the school gate 。(2)地點狀語I met Professor Wu at the 。狀語的分類狀語按照內(nèi)容可以分為時間狀語、地點狀語、原因狀語、目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語、條件狀語、方式狀語、程度狀語、頻度狀語、伴隨狀語。I will return the book to you on Monday if I have read it by ，那我會把書還給你的。（5）現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作狀語They entered the room, talking and 。（4）不定式作狀語To kill bugs, spray the area ，這地方要經(jīng)常噴灑。Without his help, we couldn’t work it ，我們不可能解決這個問題。They worked day and 。Come this way, 。It is very nice 。I am truly sorry to hear 。（1）副詞作狀語They work 。（非限制性從句）（六）狀語狀語的表現(xiàn)形式狀語是修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成分。從句作后置定語The car that’s parked outside is 。過去分詞短語作后置定語There is a little difference between written English and spoken 。不定式短語作后置定語Can you give me some work to do? 你能給我什么活兒干嗎？ He needs a place to live 。介詞短語作后置定語A college in London had agreed to take 。We should follow the doctor’s 。When I sat down, a fourth man rose to 。May I have your name, please? 請問您的大名？數(shù)詞作前置定語We have four lessons in the 。代詞作前置定語His birthplace is Beijing。形容詞作前置定語It is a difficult 。定語有前置定語和后置定語之分。I took it to the policeman on 。Can you lend me the same ruler as was used yesterday? 你能借給我昨天用的同一把尺子嗎？ 有時，也可以在間接賓語之前加介詞to或for，構(gòu)成介詞短語，并把這個短語放在直接賓語之后。間接賓語在英語中，有些及物動詞，如bring, give, send, show, tell, teach, lend, pass 等，可以有兩個賓語，一個指人，一個指物，指人的叫做間接賓語，指物的叫做直接賓語，間接賓語一般放在直接賓語之前。（7）從句作賓語She said that she was 。He stopped smoking last 。He is always helping the poorer than 。（5）名詞化的形容詞作賓語We should respect the 。（4）不定式（短語）作賓語He tried to catch up with his 。You needn’t look at me like 。We should keep these in 。（1）名詞作賓語She is playing the piano 。（四）賓語直接賓語賓語表示動作的對象或行為的承受者，用在及物動詞或相當與及物動詞的短語動詞之后。過去分詞（短語）作表語 His cup is 。His wish is to bee a 。動詞不定式短語作表語My job is to teach them 。介詞短語作表語My books are on the 。Five plus seven is 。The price sounds 。形容詞作表語You will feel better after taking this ?！猈ho is it? 是誰呀？ ——It’s me/。名詞作表語I was a worker at that 。（三）表語表語是指跟在連系動詞be, seem, look, feel, get, smell, bee等詞后面的詞語或從句，用以說明主語的身份、特征、和狀態(tài)。如： A number of books are missing from the 。Where’s that five pounds? 那五英鎊在哪兒？Ten thousand dollars is a lot of 。如：Fifty years is not a short 。The Chinese are very 。（10）Chinese, French, English, Japanese 等名詞作主語表示語言時，用單數(shù)動詞；表示人時，用復(fù)數(shù)動詞。Everybody was wearing their 。它們作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。The class are doing experiment in the 。如：My family is a small 。（8）集體名詞作主語時，如作為整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如作為個體看待，則有復(fù)數(shù)。如：There is a pen and three books on the ，三本書。所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。（6）有些名詞以“s”結(jié)尾，但卻是單數(shù)。注：people作“民族”解時，作單數(shù)用。People standing there are talking about the bad 。（5）有些集體名詞，如：people, police, youth, cattle 等用作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Neither the teacher nor the students know the 。如：His parents or his sister often helps 。Emma with her students is singing an English 。如：The teacher, as well as the pupils, is doing morning 。Each man and(each)woman has a 。第二個every或each可省略。Fork and knife was used instead of 。注：A、用and連接的兩個名詞如果表示一個整體，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如： You, he and I are all 、你和他都是學(xué)生。They always show concern for 。We must work hard