【正文】 . letting not you know 20. It happened ______ when I left the station, so I had to wait until the rain stopped. A. to be raining B. to have rained C. to rain D. raining 21. ____ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A . Given B . To give C . Giving D . Having given 22. Climbing mountains was ____, so we all felt ____. A. tiring 。 The weather this summer is disappointing. （ 表語） The present situation is encouraging us to continue our research. （ 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)） The window was broken. （ 表語） The window was broken by Tom. （ 被動(dòng)語態(tài)） （六）、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)與過去分詞的區(qū)別 過去分詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念； 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式強(qiáng)調(diào)某一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作 。因此，該題應(yīng) 選 D。 (此時(shí)，也可把該分詞看成介詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語。若 B 答案為 and pointed angrily 時(shí)也對(duì)。 4. “ Can’t you read?” Mary said ____ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 簡(jiǎn)析：該題應(yīng) 選 A。 visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ____ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added 簡(jiǎn)析：該題應(yīng) 選 C。 測(cè)試非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定式是在其前直接加 not 。因此，該題應(yīng) 選 A。但 現(xiàn)在分詞 作狀語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是 主動(dòng)關(guān)系 ，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作 同時(shí)發(fā)生 ；而 過去分詞 則表示 被動(dòng)關(guān)系 ，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生謂語動(dòng)詞 之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生 。 （四）、分詞作狀語 共同點(diǎn)： 分詞作狀語時(shí)，一般在句子中作時(shí)間、原因、方式或伴隨等狀語。 you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ____ against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move 簡(jiǎn)析 : 該題應(yīng) 選 B。 3. I can hardly imagine Peter ____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. sailing C. to sail D. to have sailed 簡(jiǎn)析 : 該題應(yīng) 選 B。 再根據(jù) the package 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞 weigh 來說 , 只能是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。因此 , 該題應(yīng) 選A。 next morning she found the man ____ in bed, dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 簡(jiǎn)析 : 首先 , 根據(jù)語法分析可知 , 待選部分在句中應(yīng)作賓補(bǔ) , 補(bǔ)充說明賓語 the man。 不同點(diǎn)： 分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)， 句子的賓語 就是該 分詞的邏輯主語 。 測(cè)試他們被那出新戲所打動(dòng)。因此 , 該題應(yīng) 選 C。 再根據(jù) his father 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞 please 來說應(yīng)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系 , 即這個(gè)結(jié)果使他的父親高興 。 2. How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems ____ with his results. A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please 簡(jiǎn)析：首先 , 根據(jù)語法分析可知 , 待選部分在句中應(yīng)作表語。 news sounds ____. A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage 簡(jiǎn)析：首先，根據(jù)語法分析可知，待選部分在句中應(yīng)作表語，因?yàn)? sounds 在此句中用作連系動(dòng)詞；再根據(jù) The news 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞 encourage 來說應(yīng)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，即這個(gè)消息本身就鼓舞人心。 不同點(diǎn)： 分詞作表語時(shí)，句子的主語就是該分詞的邏輯主語。 測(cè)試過去分詞短語作定語放在所修飾的名詞后，可以用非限制性定語從句“ which was opened last year”代替 first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 簡(jiǎn)析：該題應(yīng) 選 D。 測(cè)試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng)，等于定語從句 who were invited of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 簡(jiǎn)析：該題應(yīng) 選 A。 簡(jiǎn)析：該題應(yīng) 選 B。 簡(jiǎn)析：首先，根據(jù)語法分析可知，待選部分是一個(gè)作定語、修飾 The Olympic Games 的后置分詞短語；再根據(jù) The Olympic Games 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞 play 來說只能是被動(dòng)承受，且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。 ” 可知，巨響應(yīng)是主動(dòng)，緊接在閃電之后的。但 現(xiàn)在分詞 與邏輯主語之間是 主動(dòng)關(guān)系 ，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而 過去分詞 則表示 被動(dòng)關(guān)系 ，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。細(xì)述如下： 定語 表語 賓補(bǔ) 狀語 五 六 七 （一）、分詞作定語 共同點(diǎn)： 分詞作定語時(shí)，如果分詞只是一個(gè)單詞，那么，該分詞就位于其所修飾的名詞之前；如果是分詞短語，那么，該短語就位于其所修飾的名詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。這種形式可以作 定語、狀語 或 構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語 That building being repaired is our library. （ 定語） He asked who was the man being operated on. （ 定語） You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere. （ 賓語補(bǔ)足語） As we entered the village, we saw new houses being built. （ 賓語補(bǔ)足語） △ 有時(shí)還有完成被動(dòng)形式 ， 如： Having been examined carefully, the patient was sent to the operation room. Being asked to give a performance, she couldn’t very well refuse.（ 狀語） Being examined by the doctor, the patient felt a pain in the chest. （ 狀語） 五、獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) 在用分詞短語作狀語時(shí) , 它邏輯上的主語一般必須與句子的主語一致 , 否則它必須有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯上的主語 , 這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為 :獨(dú) 立 結(jié) 構(gòu) 獨(dú) 立 結(jié) 構(gòu) 獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示 伴隨 動(dòng)作或情況 , 表示 時(shí)間 、原因 、 條件 等 , 例如： He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴隨情況 ) The shower being over, we continued to march. (時(shí)間 ) So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因 ) Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (條件 ) All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours. The job done, we went home. The position written, he handed it to the teacher. 六、分詞的用法比較、區(qū)別 項(xiàng)目 分詞 時(shí)態(tài) 語態(tài) 現(xiàn)在分詞 進(jìn)行 主動(dòng) 過去分詞 完成 被動(dòng) 過去分詞 在時(shí)態(tài)上強(qiáng)