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詞原形,即從句用虛擬過去式。其虛擬語氣的結構為: 過去 had + 過去分詞 現(xiàn)在 過去時(be 用were ) 將來 過去時(be 用were ) 如: I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看過了這場電影。 We must respect him no matter what mistakes he may have made. 不管他犯過什么錯誤,我們必須尊敬他。 指過去: may +完成式 。 We will find him wherever he may be. 無論他在哪里,我們都要找到他。(事實:華佗不在世) 在whatever,whichever,whenever,whoever, wherever,however, no matter whword 等引導的讓步狀語從句中,從句虛擬語氣結構為: 指現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚?may +動詞原形。如: Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即使他親自來也不知該怎么辦。 句型:It is.......that +主語從句,從句的謂語動詞都要用should+原型 或只用動詞原型。 這個句子本身是事實,因此它就沒有用到虛擬語氣。 suggest意為“建議”才用虛擬語氣,意為“暗示”則不用虛擬語氣。 如:He insist he is a student. 他堅持說他是個學生。 其他用法 一想要(desire)二寧愿(prefer)三命令(order. mand)四建議(advice. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. )中,無論主句謂語動詞為何種時態(tài),從句的謂語動詞都用:“should + 動詞原形”或只用“動詞原形”。 He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近說話的人以便能聽得更清楚。 He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出發(fā)了以防遲到。(事實:很難再有這樣的機會了) (注:if only和as if/as though也有相同用法) 用在目的狀語從句中 fear that, in case, lest引導的從句中,若用虛擬語氣時,從句謂語為:should + 動詞原形。(事實:我根本比不上你) b、表示與過去事實相反的愿望,謂語動詞:had+done eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter. 我希望我原來知道這件事的真相。 If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了該多好啊。 You could have passed this exam. 你應該能通過這次考試了。 有時,虛擬條件句中,主、從句可以省略其中的一個,來表示說話人的一種強烈的感情。 We didn’t know his telephone number。 非真實條件句中的條件從句有時不表達出來,只暗含在副詞、介詞短語、上下文或其他方式表示出來,這種句子叫做含蓄條件句,在多數(shù)情況下,條件會暗含在短語中,如without…., but for….等 如: But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的幫助,我們還會在工作呢。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在這兒的話,她會同意我們的。 當虛擬條件句的謂語動詞含有were, should, had時,if可以省略,這時條件從句要用倒裝語序,即將were, should, had等詞置于句首,這種多用于書面語。 如: If he were