跨文化交際資料整理-文庫吧資料
2025-06-25 12:30本頁面
【正文】 avoid openly confront conflict④ Cultural variations in selecting negotiators。American: efficient, professionalism（職業(yè)精神）and promise(妥協(xié)，讓步) Japanese: socializing, trust Chinese: socialization②Detail。ethnocentrism: belief in the intrinsic superiority of the nation, culture, or group to which one belongs, often acpainied by feelings of dislike for other groups. 如何克服：①to avoid plicating the already difficult task of intercultural munication, participants in a crosscultural situation need to consider first the possibility that a negative evaluation might be based on an unrecognized cultural difference. Each person needs to be aware that he or she is evaluating the other, often on similarly ethnocentric grounds. ②cultural selfawareness is necessary, as is some knowledge of predominant patterns in the target culture and their variations.prejudice: an attitude based on erroneous beliefs or abuse, physical avoidance, discrimination, physical attack, massacre. 如何解決：we suggest that empathy is the main munication skill we should learn. Empathic persons know how to show understanding by projecting themselves into their partner’s position. This means that to be empathic in intercultural interactions we need to be openminded in terms of information sharings, to be imaginative in correctly drawing the picture of other’s situation, and to show a mitment or strong willingness to understand our culturally different partners in any kind of situation.the SapirWhorf Hypothesis: A hypothesis holding that the structure of a language affects the perceptions of reality of its speakers and thus influences their thought patterns and worldviews. It alerted people to the fact that language is keyed to the total culture, and that it reveals a people’s view of its total environment. ., the mass of information is vested in the explicit code. ②features：lowcontext emphasizes direct talk, personoriented focus, selfenhancement mode, and the importance of talk.//highcontext ,stresses indirect talk, statusoriented focus, selfeffacement mode, and the importance of nonverbal signals and even silence.nonverbal behavior functions as a culturally rulegoverned munication system. The rules are governed by culture,and the rules and nonverbal behavior differ among cultures. role suspension symmetrical interaction respecting unique, personal identity/= rolecentered verbal mode，formalityamp。 has a consequence. ③作用：munication is a process involving the exchange of messages and the creation of meaning. It is effective to the extent that we are able to minimize misunderstanding. Generally, the greater our cultural and linguistic knowledge, and the more our beliefs overlap with the people with whom we municate, the less likelihood there will be misunders
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