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I have some rice, please?請給我來點米飯好嗎?7. hear /listen tolisten to 和hear 都有“聽”的意思,但含義有所不同。Have you any money? 你有錢嗎?I don’t have any money. 我一點錢也沒有。6. any /someany和some 都可以同不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用,但some一般用在肯定句中;any用在疑問句和否定句中。I heard him sing an English 。5. hear sb. or sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.hear sb. or “聽到某人或某物在做某事”,而hear sb. or sth. do “聽到某人或某物做過某事”。You don’t have to go there today. You can go there 。(3)用于否定句時,mustn’t意思是“決不能”,“禁止”,而don’t have to意思是“不必”,相當(dāng)于needn’t。例如:I’ll have to get up early tomorrow 。(自己想戒煙)They have to work for the 。如果談?wù)撃撤N來自“外界”的義務(wù),常用have to。4. have to /must (1)have to和 must 都可以用來談?wù)摿x務(wù),但用法略有不同。例如:He has two rulers. One is short. The other is long. 他有兩把尺子,一把短的,另一把長的。 例如:May I have another apple, please? 請在給我一個蘋果好嗎?This coat is too small for me. Please show me another這件外套我穿太小,請再給我拿一件看看。I’d like a glass of beer= I want a glass of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。like 意思是“喜歡”,“愛好”,而 would like 意思是“想要”。I met him on the street. 我在街上遇見了他。只有a large number of 能用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞people。說什麼語言常用動詞speak。第一個空作賓語,應(yīng)用人稱代詞的賓格me, 第二個空作定語,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞my。表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。2.本冊書中常見的交際用語3.本冊書中一些重點的詞組和短語考試形式往往是單項填空、完形填空、短文改錯和短文填空。Look! They are cleaning the classroom .看!他們正在打掃教室呢?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時常與now, these days, at the moment 或Look, listen等詞連用;而一般現(xiàn)在時常與often, always, sometimes, usually, every day, in the morning, on Mondays等連用。I39。17. 一般現(xiàn)在時/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性的或習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài),也表示說話者的能力,還有自然現(xiàn)象;而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作(構(gòu)成方式為am/is /are/+doing)。如:Each of them has his own 。 He gets up early every 。如:We each have a new 。each從個體著眼,every從整體著眼。m bad at ,但是我不擅長。 The boss is bad to his 。 Eating too much is bad for you 。How much meat do you want? 你要多少肉呀?How many students are there in your class? 你們班有多少人?15. be good for/ be good to/ be good atbe good for 表示對……有好處,而be bad for表示對……有害;be good to表示對……友好,而be bad to表示對……不好;be good at表示擅長,在……方面做得好,而be bad at表示在……方面做得不好。He often reads English in the 。 We usually play basketball after 。這三個詞表示的是經(jīng)常性,一般性的動作或情況,常與一般現(xiàn)在時連用,常位于主要謂語動詞的前面,其他謂語動詞(be動詞,情態(tài)動詞和助動詞)的后面,有時也可位于句尾。The children are asleep 。12. be sleeping/ be asleepbe sleeping 表示動作,意思是“正在睡覺”;be asleep 表示狀態(tài),意思是“睡著了”。例如:She can’t find her ruler. 她找不到她的尺子啦。例如:They have not been able to e to 。能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時態(tài),有時也能表示將來。例如:Could I speak to John,please?我能和約翰說話嗎?Could you?在口語中表示請求對方做事。At that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)那時我們以為所說的可能是真的。例如:The doctor said he could help him.(能力)醫(yī)生說他能幫助他。m going ,你坐我的座位吧。 Can I use your pen?我能用你的鋼筆嗎? Of course,you 。What can he mean?他會是什么意思?在日常會話中,can可代替may表示允許,may比較正式。t be hungry so soon,Tom,you39。t be six o39。例如:Can you ride a bike?你會騎自行車嗎?What can I do for you?要幫忙嗎?Can you make a cake?你會做蛋糕嗎?(2) can用在否定句和疑問句中時有時表示說話人的懷疑猜測或不肯定。 (4)high可作副詞,tall不能。 The plane is so high in the sky. 飛機在空中這么高。t any water in the glass.(2)在說話者希望得到肯定答復(fù)的一般疑問句中,或在表示請求,邀請的疑問句中,我們依然用some。(1)some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑問句中。8. some/ any some和 any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。in the tree表示某人、某事(不屬于樹本身生長出的別的東西)落在樹上,表示樹的枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上時,要使用on the :There are some apples on the tree. 那棵樹上有些蘋果。another表三者以上的另一個,另一些如:There is room for another few books on the 。6. other/ others/ the other/ anotherother表其余的,別的,如:Have you any other questions?你還有其他問題嗎?others 別的人,:In the room some people are American, the others are ,其他的是法國人。前者強調(diào)一般性的愛好或者表示動作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性;后來表示一次性和偶然性的動作。從do some cooking可引出許多類似的短語:do some washing 洗些衣服do some shopping 買些東西do some reading 讀書do some writing 寫些東西do some fishing 釣魚從以上短語可引申出另一類短語,不能用some, much或定冠詞。do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。如:He’s telling me a 。Old women like to talk with 。talk : 與 speak 意義相近,也著重說話的動作,而不著重所說的話,因此,一般也只用作不及物動詞, 不過,talk 暗示話是對某人說的,有較強的對話意味,著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。speak 作及物動詞解時,只能和某種語言等連用,表達(dá)在對話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。speak : “說話”,著重開口發(fā)聲,不著重所說的內(nèi)容,一般用作不及物動詞 (即后面不能直接接賓語 ) 。如:“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他說,“我要坐汽車到那里去。Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能為我做個紙船嗎?He’s doing his homework 。Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎2. make/do這兩個詞都可以解釋為“做”,但含義卻不同,不能混用。有時還可以表示“身體很好”Please tell me about it. 請把此事告訴我。s broken. That39。例如:Many thanks. That39。re right.說得對。That39。s right./ That‘s all right./ All right.That’s right意為“對的”,表示贊同對方的意見、看法或行為,肯定對方的答案或判斷。t. ( I don39。s right./ That‘s all right./ All right.14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.15. We / They have some CDs.We / They don’t have any CDs.16. What day is it today / tomorrow?It’s Monday.17. May I borrow your colour pens, please? Certainly. Here you are.18. Where are you from?From Beijing.19. What39。s your favourite sport?10. Don39。s wrong?4. I think so. I don39。初一年級(下)【知識梳理】I. 重點短語1. a bottle of2. a little3. a lot (of)4. all day5. be from6. be over7. e back8. e from9. do one’s homework10. do the shopping11. get down12. get home13. get to14. get up15. go shopping16. have a drink of17. have a look18. have breakfast 19. have lunch20. have supper21. listen to22. not…at all23. put…away24. take off25. throw it like that26. would like27. in the middle of the day28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening29. on a farm30. in a factoryII. 重要句型1. Let sb. do sth.2. Could sb. do sth.?3. would like sth.4. would like to do sth.5. What about something to eat?6. How do you spell …?7. May I borrow…?III. 交際用語1. —Thanks very much!—You39。該題考查的是There be…句型和動詞have用法區(qū)別。the number作主語,應(yīng)該是單數(shù)第三人稱,動詞be變?yōu)閕s。3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題) What _______ the number of the girls in your class? About twenty. A. is B. am C. are D. be【解析】答案:A。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。本題中動詞show后面跟雙賓語,空白處應(yīng)填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語?!局锌挤独?. (2004年北京市中考試題) Mary, please show ________ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案:D。6. 本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語和句型;7. 本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語。My friends sing well. 我的朋友們歌唱得好。例如:I39。The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很好。(3)good形容人時指品德好,形容物時指質(zhì)量好,是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。It39。These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。(2)nice主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表,有美好,漂亮的意思,也可用于問候或贊揚別