【正文】 rsiti?es with accre?dited? IE progr?ams at the under?gradu?ate and gradu?ate level?. Of those? unive?rsiti?es that answe?red 37 were rando?mly drawn? for analy?sis. 在研究的準 ?備過程中 ,工業(yè)工程管 ?理小組檢查 ?了 150 多 ?所在本科階 ?段有資格教 ?授工程課程 ?的學(xué)校并在 ?其中隨機抽 ?出 37所來 ?進行分析 . The main purpo? se was to analy?ze the quant?ity and quali?ty of the IE subje?cts. Accor?ding to Shaya?n and Hamad?ani at SIT, the most impor?tant point? is that cover?age of IE is not yet stand?ardiz?ed. 這樣的主要 ?目的是 分析 ?工業(yè)工程課 ?程的數(shù)量和 ?質(zhì)量 .對于 SIT?的沙揚和哈 ?姆丹尼來說 ?,最重要的一 ?點是工業(yè)工 ?程的范圍沒 ?有標準限制 ?. Other? steps? 其他階段 Two key proje? cts curre?ntly worki? ng towar?d helpi?ng acade?mia impro?ve the overa?ll IE curri? culum? inclu?de the South?easte?rn Unive?rsity? and Colle?ge Coali?tion for Engin?eerin?g Educa?tion (SUCCE?ED) spons?ored by the Natio?nal Scien?ce Found?ation? (NFS), and IIE’s joint? effor?t betwe?en the Counc? il on Indus?trial? Engin? eerin?g (CIE ) and the Counc?il of Indus?trial? Engin?eerin?g Acade?mic Depar?tment? Heads? (CIEAD?H). 當前兩個主 ?要的項目目 ?的在于全面 ?提高由美國 ?自然科學(xué)基 ?金委員會負 ? 責(zé)的 ,包括東南大 ?學(xué)和學(xué)院工 ?程教育聯(lián)合 ?會以及由工 ?業(yè)工程理事 ?會和工業(yè)工 ?程學(xué)術(shù)部門 ?組成的工業(yè) ?工程師學(xué)會 ?的學(xué)術(shù)水平 ?. SUCCE? ED, which? is aimed? at all engin? eerin? g disci? pline?s, is an engin? eerin? g educa?tion coali? tion estab? lishe?d by NSF in March? 1992. The coali? tion has propo?sed a new curri? culum? model?, CURRI? CULUM? 2 1, as a mecha? nism to focus? its effor? ts on speci?fic goals? such as restr?uctur?ing the engin?eerin?g curri?culum? and impro?ving the quali?ty and quant?ity of gradu?ates. 在 1992?年 3月由美 ?國自然科學(xué) ?基金委員會 ?資助的東南 ?大學(xué)和學(xué)院 ?工程聯(lián)合會 ?,旨在提高工 ?程類本科教 ?育的水平 .這個聯(lián)合會 ?開創(chuàng)了一個 ?新的學(xué)科模 ?式 ,課程 2 1,目標主要集 ?中在諸如調(diào)?整課程和提 ?高畢業(yè)生的 ?數(shù)量和質(zhì)量 ?方面 . The secon? d proje?ct, betwe?en CIE and CIEAD?H, has been ongoi?ng since? the Fall of 1990. Speci? fical? ly, CIE (corpo? ratelevel? direc? tors whose? span of contr? ol inclu? des IE funct? ions) meets? with CIEAD?H (98 acade?mic depar?tment? heads? from unive?rsiti?es and colle? ges) at sched? uled times? durin?g the year to bette? r defin?e what indus? try needs? from acade? mia. IIE acts as a facil? itato?r betwe?en the two group? s to help infor? m acade?mia. The ultim?ate goal of these? meeti?ngs is the devel?opmen?t of a clear?ly defin?ed set of outpu? t chara?cteri?stics? that will help acade?mia desig? n an impro?ved under?gradu?ate IE curri?culum?. 第二個項目 ?開始于 19? 90 年秋 .由工業(yè)工程 ?理事會和工 ?業(yè)工程系統(tǒng) ?理事會進行 ?.工業(yè)工程理?事會 (負責(zé)公司工 ?業(yè)工程事業(yè) ?的公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo) ?)還特別的與 ?工業(yè)工程系 ?統(tǒng)理事會 (大學(xué)和學(xué)院 ?的 98位學(xué) ?科代表 )進行了例 This is not to say that these? an?izati?ons are attem?pting? to stand?ardiz?e the IE curri? culum?, rathe?r, they are tryin?g to provi?de basic? guide?lines?. The quest?ion of wheth? er the IE curri?culum?, shoul?d be stand?ardiz?ed throu?ghout? every? unive?rsity? is not an issue? . Leade?rs in indus?try and acade? mia readi?ly agree? that there? is no possi?ble way for every? curri?culum? at every? colle?ge to be ident?ical. 這并不是說 ?這些組織試 ?圖標準化工 ?業(yè)工程的課 ? 程 ,而是說他們 ?正努力提供 ?一些基本的 ? 準則 .主要的并不 ?是工業(yè)工程 ?課程是否應(yīng) ?該在所有的 ?大學(xué)里統(tǒng)一 ? 標準 ,而是工業(yè)界 ?和學(xué)術(shù)界的 ?領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已開 ?始認同不可 ?能在每個學(xué) ?校開設(shè)一樣 ?的課程 . “ I don’ t think? you can requi?re every? IE curri?culum? to be cooki?e cutte?r of each other?,” says Glaxo?’ s Ray. 克拉克 .瑞說 :” 我不認為工 ?業(yè)工程課程 ?能象餅干一 ?樣被分來分 ?去 .” What appea? rs to be a probl?em is the perce?ived gap betwe?en what types? of stude?nts acade? mia is provi? ding pa? red with the types? of stude?nts indus? try seeks?. Most indus?try leade?rs ackno?wledg?e that th。 她還說 ： “ 工業(yè)工程可 ?能是工程專 ?業(yè)僅有的堅 ?持要求把自 ?己的地位建 ?立在本部門 ?之上的專業(yè) ?” 。” For many, inclu?ding Rebec?ca Ray, IE manag?er at Glaxo? Inc., it is a step in the right? direc?tion. Her depar?tment? will soon carry? the title? Perfo?rmanc?e Impro?vemen?t Engin?eerin?g.” IE is proba?bly the only engin?eerin?g profe?ssion? that insis?ts on weari?ng its degre? e on its depar?tment?al door,” she says. “ we have focus?ed too much on maint?ainin?g our degre?e, inste?ad of ident?ifyin?g our funct?ion withi?n our pa?ny.” 許多人 ， 包括格萊斯 ?公司的工業(yè) ?工程經(jīng)理瑞 ?貝卡瑞都認 ?為 ， 這是正確方 ?向上的一步 ?。 現(xiàn)在他們已 ?經(jīng)部分成為 ?質(zhì)量改善工 ?程 ， 質(zhì)量服務(wù)或 ?者工程服務(wù) ?， 僅是名字多 ?一點。 而在工業(yè)工 ?程部門 ， 專業(yè)化的趨 ?勢是工業(yè)工 ?程不在是普 ?通的工業(yè)工 ?程而是具有 ?專業(yè)的作用 ?或者是個正 ?在改善的行 ?業(yè) 。 Like it or not, the trend? today? is speci? aliza?tion, and pa? nies are follo? wing suit. Tough? econo?mic times? are forci?ng many pa?nies to redef?ine corpo?rate struc?tures?, with a prima? ry goal of flatt?ing their? an?izati?on in an attem? pt to cut costs? and speed? the decis?ionmakin?g proce?ss. In the case of the IE depar? tment?, that trend? has moved? depar?tment?al names? from the gener?ic “ IE” to speci?al funct?ions or areas? that are being? perfo?rmed. 不管是否真 ?的這樣 ， 專業(yè)化是目 ?前的趨勢就 ?， 而且企業(yè)也 ?在向這個方 ?向發(fā)展 。 Says Jerry? Zolle?nberg?, direc?tor of IE for Unite? d Parce?l Servi?ce, “ If a perso? n loses? sligh?t of the total? job and stars? looki?ng at the indiv? idual? piece?s, it es? out a littl? e hairy?.” For examp? le, Zolle?nberg? says that he has an opera? tions? resea?rch(OR) group? of 40 to 50 indiv?idual? who are worki?ng on the cutti? ng edge of pu?ter techn?ology?. At one time these? peopl?e were desig?nated? as IEs. But Zolle?nberg? says that even throu? gh they are not calle?d IEs, the job they are doing? is certa?inly IEorien?ted and could? be IE, depen?ding on how you set up the an?izati?on. 聯(lián)合包裝服 ?務(wù)公司的工 ?業(yè)工程經(jīng)理 ?杰瑞說 ： “ 如果一個人 ?不能對整項 ?工作做全面 ?把握而只是 ?將注意力放 ?在個別的方 ?面 ， 那么結(jié)果就 ?不會令人滿 ?意 。 ” 而且 ， 工業(yè)工程師 ?已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了 ?這種競爭技 ?能 ?！? Even today? , in many pa?nies, IEs are still? perfo?rming? type of work that makes? up what is now consi? dered? class?ical IE.” “ The big chang?e is that the me?rcial?izati?on of a lot of these? areas? have turne?d them into ‘ niche? thrus?ts,’” says John Power?s, direc?tor of the manag? ement? servi?ce depar?tment? at Eastm?an Kodak? Co. While?