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聚合物特征和試驗(yàn)ppt課件-文庫(kù)吧資料

2025-05-09 03:16本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 度 ? Measures stiffness/heat resistance ? 測(cè)量剛度/耐熱性能 ? Bar is supported at the ends in an oven with a tip under a standard load pressing down on it. The temperature is increased at a steady rate until the bar deflects by (ASTM D648) ? 將樣條兩端支撐起來(lái),置于烘箱內(nèi),在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的載荷下用一個(gè)測(cè)量尖端向下施壓。C ? Cycle Time: 45 sec total,周期:總計(jì) 45秒 – 20 sec injection, 20秒注塑 – 20 sec cooling, 20秒冷卻 – 5 sec ejection, 5秒樣條取出 ? Melt Temp – varies with MFR (higher mfr = lower temp because of viscosity difference) ? 熔融溫度根據(jù) MFR而不同(由于粘度的不同,較高 MFR的試驗(yàn)采用較低的熔融溫度) ? Back Pressure – MPa ? 背壓- ? Constant part weight is targeted ? 指標(biāo)是恒定的樣條重量 Molded Bar Tensiles 模塑樣條的拉伸試驗(yàn) ? Sample is inserted into a tensile load tester, which clamps both ends of the bar and pulls until break. Load is measured by a load cell。對(duì)于用第四代催化劑生產(chǎn)的樹脂通常不會(huì)出現(xiàn)問題,對(duì)于抗沖共聚物( ICPs)會(huì)有問題 NonRoutine Polymer Testing 非常規(guī)聚合物試驗(yàn) ? GPC MWD ? 氣體滲透色譜法測(cè)定分子量分布 ? NMR Tacticity ? 核磁共振法測(cè)定立構(gòu)規(guī)正度 ? DSC Melting Behavior ? 差示掃描量熱法測(cè)定熔融特性 GPC – MWD 氣體滲透色譜法-測(cè)定分子量分布 ? Gas Permeation Chromatography ? 氣體滲透色譜法 ? Measures molecule length (bigger molecules take longer to go through the column) ? 測(cè)定分子的長(zhǎng)度(大分子需要花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間透過色譜柱) ? Reported as: ? 報(bào)告為: – Number average molecular weight (Mn), 數(shù)均分子量( Mn) – Weight average molecular weight (Mw), 重均分子量( Mw) – Z average MW (Mz), Z平均分子量( Mz) – Mz+1 (the really long chains), Mz+1(真正的長(zhǎng)分子鏈) ? Typically used to reverse engineer petitive resins, benchmark a resin, or for experimental purposes (evaluate new catalysts, reactor conditions, etc). ? 通常用于對(duì)工程競(jìng)爭(zhēng)樹脂進(jìn)行逆向研究,建立樹脂的基準(zhǔn)樣,或用于實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的目的(評(píng)價(jià)新型催化劑、反應(yīng)器條件等) NMR Tacticity 核磁共振法測(cè)定立構(gòu)規(guī)正度 ? Nuclear Magic Resonance Spectroscopy ? 核磁共振光譜法 – Expensive,昂貴 – Determines how carbons are bonded,檢測(cè)碳原子是如何連接的 ? Tells you how “perfect” or isotactic a resin samples is. ? 可以告訴您,一種樹脂樣品是如何“結(jié)構(gòu)完美”或全同立規(guī)的 ? The higher the isotacticity, the more perfect the molecules, the higher the strength and stiffness ? 全同立規(guī)的程度越高,分子的結(jié)構(gòu)就越完美,強(qiáng)度和剛性就越大 ? Lower tacticity desirable for film grades (to help in the film stretching process) and for applications that need lower stiffness ? 對(duì)于薄膜級(jí)產(chǎn)品以及需要較低剛度的應(yīng)用,就需要立構(gòu)規(guī)正度低一些的樹脂(有助于薄膜的拉伸過程) ? For homopolymers only – ICP and RCP give strange results because of high ethylene content ? 本測(cè)定方法只適用于均聚物-由于乙烯基含量高 , 抗沖共聚物( ICP)和無(wú)規(guī)共聚物( RCP)會(huì)給出奇怪的測(cè)定結(jié)果 DSC – Differential Scanning Calorimetry DSC差示掃描量熱法 Thermal properties 熱性能 Melting point 熔點(diǎn)溫度 Melting enthalpy 熔融焓 Crystallization point 結(jié)晶溫度 Crystallization enthalpy 結(jié)晶焓 From GHO, Secco Training June 2022 取自于 GHO,賽科培訓(xùn), 2022年 6月 Application Testing 應(yīng)用性試驗(yàn) ? Used to pare resins ? 用于進(jìn)行樹脂的比較 ? Tests suitability for an enduse application ? 對(duì)某一項(xiàng)終端應(yīng)用進(jìn)行適用性試驗(yàn) ? Typically test a part made under controlled conditions, such as a tensile bar or cast film ? 常用于對(duì)在某一規(guī)定條件下制造的部件進(jìn)行測(cè)試,例如,拉伸試條或流延薄膜 ? Most mon tests used on PP Datasheets: ? 用于聚丙烯特性數(shù)據(jù)表的最常用的試驗(yàn) – Tensiles, elongation, modulus,抗拉強(qiáng)度、伸長(zhǎng)率、模量 – Flexural modulus,彎曲模量 – Heat deflection temperature,熱變形溫度 – Impact testing,沖擊試驗(yàn) – Visual characteristics – gloss, blush, haze, etc.,目視特性-光澤度、泛紅光、渾濁度等 Tensile Testing – Sample Prep 拉伸強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)-準(zhǔn)備樣品 ? Typically PP, RCP, or ICP pellets ? 典型的聚丙烯、無(wú)規(guī)共聚物、抗沖共聚物塑料粒子 ? Can use chopped parts, reclaim, etc if pellets not available. ? 如果無(wú)法獲得塑料粒子,可以使用破碎的塑料件、回收料等 ? Tensile bars are molded under standard conditions into a standard mold (ISO, ASTM, etc). Complete Lab Injection Molding machines are sold for this application. ? 拉伸試條是在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的模具中( ISO, ASTM等)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的條件下模塑成型的,市場(chǎng)有售用于這項(xiàng)應(yīng)用的成套實(shí)驗(yàn)室注塑成型機(jī) ? Important to flush/purge older polymer from extruder. ? 將陳舊的聚合物從擠出機(jī)中沖洗/清除干凈是十分重要的 ? Important to have enough resin (Naperville typically uses 25 lbs per test, most for purging) ? 擁有足夠數(shù)量的樹脂進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)是十分重要的(在 Naperville通常每次試驗(yàn)使用 25磅樹脂,其中大部分用于擠出機(jī)內(nèi)的物料清除) ? Important to let molded bars cool (do not stack) ? 使拉伸樣條得到充分的冷卻是十分重要的(不要將樣條堆積存放)
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