生物工藝學(xué)緒論ppt課件-文庫(kù)吧資料
2025-05-07 13:35本頁(yè)面
【正文】 rough anisms like moulds or yeast. This form of biotechnology is also referred to as grey biotechnology. Green biotechnology, also known as agricultural biotechnology, deals with applications related to agriculture. It is through red biotechnology based research that antibiotics for different infections have been developed and vaccines for boosting the immune system against disease and to detect and treat any geic disorders and disease have been produced. Red biotechnology also helps in reproductive technologies like invitro fertilization, DNA profiling, forensics and in technologies of transplantations. It is with the help of white biotechnology that the environment is helped in the control of pest animals and plants. Biotechnology has helped in cleaning up oil spills, protecting endangered species by storing DNA samples to be used for future research and to help remove any excess nutrients there may be in the soil and water. Research in biotechnology also aims at leaching metals from the soil to provide for clean mining, in the detection of landmines and in the cleaning of arsenic and other metal contamination. Green biotechnology involves the manipulation of plants and animals to produce species that are more environment friendly and productive. Development of varieties of wheat that are disease resistant by cross breeding different types of wheat is an example of green biotechnology./ Biotechnology is generally divided into three sub fields red, white and green biotechnology. Red biotechnology deals with geically altered microanisms that are used for producing products like insulin and vaccine for medical use. White biotechnology involves the creation of useful chemicals for the industrial sector through anisms like moulds or yeast. This form of biotechnology is also referred to as grey biotechnology. Green biotechnology, also known as agricultural biotechnology, deals with applications related to agriculture. 現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù) ? 生物技術(shù) 又稱 生物工程 ，是利用生物有機(jī)體（從微生物到高等動(dòng)物）或其組成部分（包含器官、組織、細(xì)胞和細(xì)胞器等）開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品或新工藝的一種技術(shù)體系。 生物技術(shù) 的定義 ? 美國(guó)政府技術(shù)顧問 委 員 會(huì) (OAT) 的 定義 ：應(yīng)用生物或來自生物體的物質(zhì)以制造或改進(jìn)一種 商品 的技術(shù) ， 其還包括改良有重要經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的植物與動(dòng)物和利用微生物改良環(huán)境的技術(shù) 。 ? 以上定義及其它各種有關(guān)定義的內(nèi)容基本上是一致的。 ? 由 MooYoung主編的 《 綜合生物技術(shù) 》 (共四卷， 1985出版 )一書中提出：生物技術(shù)是 “ 對(duì)生物作用和生物物料加以評(píng)價(jià)和應(yīng)用，并進(jìn)行工業(yè)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn) ” 的技術(shù)。這里所謂的生物作用劑可以是酶、整體細(xì)胞或多細(xì)胞生物體 ,一般也稱為生物催化劑。目前能廣泛接受的定義是由 國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作及發(fā)展組織 在 1982年提出的。 生物工藝學(xué)的定義和特點(diǎn) ? 生物工藝學(xué) (biotechnology)，一般稱為生物技術(shù) (以下將兩者視為同義詞可相互通用 )，是一門既有悠久歷史又有嶄新內(nèi)容的科學(xué)技術(shù)和生產(chǎn)工藝。 ? 現(xiàn)在的生物技術(shù)的 定義 為： 生物技術(shù) 是應(yīng)用自
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